手工创建数据库（madrid）
export ORACLE_SID=madrid
1.创建口令文件
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=oracle
2.创建参数文件
vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initmadrid.ora
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db_name=‘madrid‘
compatible=11.2.0.4.0
sga_target=1g
control_files=‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/madrid/control01.ctl‘
audit_file_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/admin/madrid/adump‘
diagnostic_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle‘
db_recovery_file_dest_size=4g
db_recovery_file_dest=‘/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area‘
undo_tablespace=undo01
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3.创建相关目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/madrid/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/madrid/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
4.启动实例到nomount
sqlplus / as sysdba
*把pfile转成spfile
create spfile from pfile;
startup nomount
5.创建数据库
create database madrid
datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/madrid/system01.dbf‘ size 400m autoextend on next 64m extent management local
sysaux datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/madrid/sysaux01.dbf‘ size 100m autoextend on next 64m
undo tablespace undo01 datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/madrid/undo01.dbf‘ size 100m autoextend on next 64m
default temporary tablespace temp tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/madrid/temp01.dbf‘ size 50m autoextend on
character set zhs16gbk
national character set al16utf16
logfile
group 1 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/madrid/redo01.log‘ size 50m,
group 2 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/madrid/redo02.log‘ size 50m,
group 3 ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/madrid/redo03.log‘ size 50m;
6.创建数据字典，构造pl/sql运行环境
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
7.建立测试用户scott
@?/rdbms/admin/utlsampl.sql
conn system/manager
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
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