Python选课系统

一、程序介绍

需求：

开发一个简单的python计算器
角色:学校、学员、课程、讲师
要求:
1. 创建北京、上海 2 所学校
2. 创建linux , python , go 3个课程 ， linux\py 在北京开， go 在上海开
3. 课程包含，周期，价格，通过学校创建课程
4. 通过学校创建班级， 班级关联课程、讲师
5. 创建学员时，选择学校，关联班级
6. 创建讲师角色时要关联学校，
7. 提供两个角色接口
    7.1 学员视图， 可以注册， 交学费， 选择班级，
    7.2 讲师视图， 讲师可管理自己的班级， 上课时选择班级， 查看班级学员列表 ， 修改所管理的学员的成绩
    7.3 管理视图，创建讲师， 创建班级，创建课程
8. 上面的操作产生的数据都通过pickle序列化保存到文件里

程序结构:

ElectiveSys #选课系统主目录
├── bin #选课系统 执行文件 目录
│   └── start.py #执行程序
├── conf #配置文件 目录
│   ├── __pycache__
│   │   └── settings.cpython-35.pyc
│   └── settings.py #配置文件
├── db #数据存储 目录
│   ├── admin #管理员用户数据目录
│   │   └── 09fc65b4-bfdc-11e7-811c-8c8590496b2f
│   ├── classes #班级数据目录
│   │   └── ff63f0ee-c045-11e7-9b0d-8c8590496b2f
│   ├── course #课程数据目录
│   │   ├── 4ff1873e-b38c-11e6-82f5-0088653ea1ec
│   │   └── 66214534-c03c-11e7-9a2c-8c8590496b2f
│   ├── course_to_teacher
│   ├── school #学校数据目录
│   │   ├── 93a3a674-bfdc-11e7-8e2e-8c8590496b2f
│   │   ├── 9b6a07f4-bfdc-11e7-b768-8c8590496b2f
│   │   ├── a67fd088-bfdc-11e7-91eb-8c8590496b2f
│   │   ├── af08c21e-bfdc-11e7-bee2-8c8590496b2f
│   │   └── b62fc1e6-bfdc-11e7-93c8-8c8590496b2f
│   ├── student #学生数据目录
│   │   └── 6bacae38-c048-11e7-8123-8c8590496b2f
│   └── teacher #老师数据目录
│       ├── 1f7c0f74-bfdd-11e7-aa97-8c8590496b2f
│       ├── 33f09c2c-bfdd-11e7-bcb8-8c8590496b2f
│       └── 42198dd8-bfdd-11e7-a1ef-8c8590496b2f
├── lib #存放基本共享库和模块的目录
│   ├── __pycache__
│   │   └── commons.cpython-36.pyc
│   └── commons.py #功能模块文件
├── log #日志目录
└── src #程序主逻辑源码目录
    ├── __pycache__
    │   ├── identifier.cpython-36.pyc
    │   └── models.cpython-36.pyc
    ├── identifier.py #识别码文件
    ├── models.py #模板类文件
    └── services #服务类目录
        ├── __pycache__
        │   ├── admin_service.cpython-36.pyc
        │   ├── initialize_service.cpython-36.pyc
        │   ├── student_service.cpython-36.pyc
        │   └── teacher_service.cpython-36.pyc
        ├── admin_service.py #管理员功能文件
        ├── initialize_service.py #初始化功能文件
        ├── student_service.py #学生功能文件
        └── teacher_service.py #老师功能文件  

二、流程图

三、代码

bin/start.py

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_
 3 import os,sys
 4 BASE_DIR=os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
 5 sys.path.append(BASE_DIR)
 6
 7 from src.services import admin_service
 8 from src.services import teacher_service
 9 from src.services import student_service
10 from src.services import initialize_service
11
12 def show_role():
13     msg=‘‘‘
14     0:初始化
15     1:管理员
16     2:老师
17     3:学生
18     ‘‘‘
19     print(msg)
20
21 if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
22     role_main={
23         ‘0‘:initialize_service.main,
24         ‘1‘:admin_service.login,
25         ‘2‘:teacher_service.login,
26         ‘3‘:student_service.login,
27     }
28     while True:
29         show_role()
30         choice=input(‘输入角色: ‘).strip()
31         if choice not in role_main:continue
32         role_main[choice]()

conf/settings.py

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_
 3 import os
 4 BASE_DIR=os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
 5
 6 ADMIN_DB_DIR=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,‘db‘,‘admin‘)
 7 SCHOOL_DB_DIR=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,‘db‘,‘school‘)
 8 TEACHER_DB_DIR=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,‘db‘,‘teacher‘)
 9 COURSE_DB_DIR=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,‘db‘,‘course‘)
10 COURSE_TO_TEACHER_DB_DIR=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,‘db‘,‘course_to_teacher‘)
11 CLASSES_DB_DIR=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,‘db‘,‘classes‘)
12 STUDENT_DB_DIR=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,‘db‘,‘student‘)

lib/commons.py

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_
 3 import uuid,hashlib
 4 import time
 5
 6 def create_uuid():
 7     return str(uuid.uuid1())
 8
 9 def create_md5():
10     m=hashlib.md5()
11     m.update(bytes(str(time.time()),encoding=‘utf-8‘))
12     return m.hexdigest()
13
14 if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
15     x=create_md5()
16
17     print(x)
18
19     y=create_uuid()
20     print(y)

src/models.py

  1 #!/usr/bin/env python
  2 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_
  3 import time
  4 import pickle
  5 import os
  6 from conf import settings
  7 from src import identifier
  8
  9
 10 class BaseModel:
 11     def save(self):
 12         file_path=os.path.join(self.db_path,str(self.nid))
 13         pickle.dump(self,open(file_path,‘wb‘))
 14
 15     @classmethod
 16     def get_all_obj_list(cls):
 17         ret=[]
 18         for filename in os.listdir(cls.db_path):
 19             file_path=os.path.join(cls.db_path,filename)
 20             ret.append(pickle.load(open(file_path,‘rb‘)))
 21         return ret
 22
 23 class Admin(BaseModel):
 24     db_path=settings.ADMIN_DB_DIR
 25     def __init__(self,username,password):
 26         self.nid=identifier.AdminNid(self.db_path)
 27         self.username=username
 28         self.password=password
 29         self.create_time=time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d‘)
 30
 31     @staticmethod
 32     def login():
 33         try:
 34             name=input(‘请输入用户名: ‘).strip()
 35             pas=input(‘请输入密码: ‘).strip()
 36             for obj in Admin.get_all_obj_list():
 37                 if obj.username == name and obj.password == pas:
 38                     status = True
 39                     error=‘‘
 40                     data=‘\033[45;1m登录成功\033[0m‘
 41                     break
 42             else:
 43                 raise Exception(‘\033[43;1m用户名或密码错误\033[0m‘ %name)
 44         except Exception as e:
 45             status=False
 46             error=str(e)
 47             data=‘‘
 48         return {‘status‘:status,‘error‘:error,‘data‘:data}
 49
 50
 51 class School(BaseModel):
 52     db_path=settings.SCHOOL_DB_DIR
 53     def __init__(self,name,addr):
 54         self.nid=identifier.SchoolNid(self.db_path)
 55         self.name=name
 56         self.addr=addr
 57         self.create_time=time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %X‘)
 58         self.__income=0
 59
 60     def __str__(self):
 61         return self.name
 62
 63 class Teacher(BaseModel):
 64     db_path=settings.TEACHER_DB_DIR
 65     def __init__(self,name,level):
 66         self.nid=identifier.TeacherNid(self.db_path)
 67         self.name=name
 68         self.level=level
 69         self.__account=0
 70         self.create_time=time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %X‘)
 71
 72 class Course(BaseModel):
 73     db_path=settings.COURSE_DB_DIR
 74     def __init__(self,name,price,period,school_nid):
 75         self.nid=identifier.CourseNid(self.db_path)
 76         self.name=name
 77         self.price=price
 78         self.period=period
 79         self.school_nid=school_nid
 80
 81 class Course_to_teacher(BaseModel):
 82     db_path=settings.COURSE_TO_TEACHER_DB_DIR
 83     def __init__(self,course_nid,school_nid):
 84         self.nid=identifier.Course_to_teacherNid(self.db_path)
 85         self.course_nid=course_nid
 86         self.school_nid=school_nid
 87
 88     def get_course_to_teacher_list(self):
 89         ret=self.get_all_obj_list()
 90         if ret:
 91             return [ret.course_nid.get_obj_by_uuid(),ret.classes_nid.get_obj_by_uuid()]
 92         return [None,None]
 93
 94 class Classes(BaseModel):
 95     db_path=settings.CLASSES_DB_DIR
 96     def __init__(self,name):
 97     # def __init__(self,name,tuition,school_nid,course_to_teacher_list):
 98         self.nid=identifier.ClassesNid(self.db_path)
 99         self.name=name
100         # self.tuition=tuition
101         # self.school_nid=school_nid
102         # self.course_to_teacher_list=course_to_teacher_list
103         self.create_time = time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %X‘)
104
105 class Score:
106     def __init__(self,nid):
107         self.nid=nid
108         self.score_dict={}
109
110     def set(self,course_to_teacher_nid,number):
111         self.score_dict[course_to_teacher_nid]=number
112
113     def get(self,course_to_teacher_nid):
114         return self.score_dict.get(course_to_teacher_nid)
115
116 class Student(BaseModel):
117     db_path=settings.STUDENT_DB_DIR
118     def __init__(self,name,age,qq):
119     # def __init__(self,name,age,qq,classes_nid):
120         self.nid=identifier.StudentNid(self.db_path)
121         self.name=name
122         self.age=age
123         self.qq=qq
124         # self.classes_nid=classes_nid
125         # self.score=Score(self.nid)
126         self.create_time = time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d %X‘)

src/identifier.py

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_
 3 from lib import commons
 4 import os,pickle
 5
 6 class Nid:
 7     def __init__(self,role,db_path):
 8         role_list=[
 9             ‘admin‘,‘school‘,‘teacher‘,‘course‘,‘course_to_teacher‘,‘classes‘,‘student‘
10         ]
11         if role not in role_list:
12             raise Exception(‘用户角色错误,选项: %s‘ % ‘,‘.join(role_list))
13         self.role=role
14         self.uuid=commons.create_uuid()
15         self.db_path=db_path
16
17     def __str__(self):
18         return self.uuid
19
20     def get_obj_by_uuid(self):
21         for filename in os.listdir(self.db_path):
22             if filename == self.uuid:
23                 return pickle.load(open(os.path.join(self.db_path,filename),‘rb‘))
24         return None
25
26 class AdminNid(Nid):
27     def __init__(self,db_path):
28         super(AdminNid,self).__init__(‘admin‘,db_path)
29
30 class SchoolNid(Nid):
31     def __init__(self,db_path):
32         super(SchoolNid,self).__init__(‘school‘,db_path)
33
34 class TeacherNid(Nid):
35     def __init__(self,db_path):
36         super(TeacherNid,self).__init__(‘teacher‘,db_path)
37
38 class CourseNid(Nid):
39     def __init__(self,db_path):
40         super(CourseNid,self).__init__(‘course‘,db_path)
41
42 class Course_to_teacherNid(Nid):
43     def __init__(self,db_path):
44         super(Course_to_teacherNid,self).__init__(‘course_to_teacher‘,db_path)
45
46 class ClassesNid(Nid):
47     def __init__(self,db_path):
48         super(ClassesNid,self).__init__(‘classes‘,db_path)
49
50 class StudentNid(Nid):
51     def __init__(self,db_path):
52         super(StudentNid,self).__init__(‘student‘,db_path)

src/services/admin_service.py

  1 #!/usr/bin/env python
  2 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_
  3 from src.models import Admin
  4 from src.models import School
  5 from src.models import Teacher
  6 from src.models import Course
  7 from src.models import Course_to_teacher
  8 from src.models import Classes
  9 from src.models import Score
 10 from src.models import Student
 11 def create_school():
 12     try:
 13         name=input(‘请输入学校名字: ‘).strip()
 14         addr=input(‘请输入学校地址: ‘).strip()
 15         school_name_list=[(obj.name,obj.addr) for obj in School.get_all_obj_list()]
 16         if (name,addr) in school_name_list:
 17             raise Exception(‘\033[43;1m[%s] [%s]校区 已经存在,不可重复创建\033[0m‘ %(name,addr))
 18         obj=School(name,addr)
 19         obj.save()
 20         status=True
 21         error=‘‘
 22         data=‘\033[33;1m[%s] [%s]校区 创建成功\033[0m‘ %(obj.name,obj.addr)
 23     except Exception as e:
 24         status=False
 25         error=str(e)
 26         data=‘‘
 27     return {‘status‘:status,‘error‘:error,‘data‘:data}
 28
 29
 30 def show_school():
 31     for obj in School.get_all_obj_list():
 32         print(‘\033[45;1m学校[%s] 地址[%s] 创建日期[%s]\033[0m‘.center(60,‘-‘)  33               %(obj.name,obj.addr,obj.create_time))
 34
 35 def create_teacher():
 36     try:
 37         name=input(‘请输入老师姓名: ‘).strip()
 38         level=input(‘请输入老师级别: ‘).strip()
 39         teacher_name_list=[obj.name for obj in Teacher.get_all_obj_list()]
 40         if name in teacher_name_list:
 41             raise Exception(‘\033[43;1m老师[%s] 已经存在,不可重复创建\033[0m‘ %(name))
 42         obj=Teacher(name,level)
 43         obj.save()
 44         status=True
 45         error=‘‘
 46         data=‘\033[33;1m老师[%s] 级别[%s] 时间[%s]创建成功\033[0m‘ %(obj.name,obj.level,obj.create_time)
 47     except Exception as e:
 48         status=False
 49         error=str(e)
 50         data=‘‘
 51     return {‘status‘:status,‘error‘:error,‘data‘:data}
 52
 53
 54 def show_teacher():
 55     for obj in Teacher.get_all_obj_list():
 56         print(‘\033[33;1m老师[%s] 级别[%s] 创建时间[%s]\033[0m‘.center(60,‘-‘)  57               %(obj.name,obj.level,obj.create_time))
 58
 59
 60 def create_course():
 61     try:
 62         print(‘创建课程‘.center(60,‘=‘))
 63         school_list=School.get_all_obj_list()
 64         for k,obj in enumerate(school_list):
 65             print(k,obj,obj.addr)
 66         sid=int(input(‘请选择学校: ‘))
 67         school_obj=school_list[sid]
 68
 69         name=input(‘请输入课程名: ‘).strip()
 70         price=input(‘请输入课程价格: ‘).strip()
 71         period=input(‘请输入课程周期: ‘).strip()
 72
 73         course_name_list=[(obj.name,obj.school_nid.uuid) for obj in Course.get_all_obj_list()]
 74         if (name,school_obj.nid.uuid) in course_name_list:
 75             raise Exception(‘\033[43;1m课程[%s] 已经存在,不可重复创建\033[0m‘ %(name))
 76         obj=Course(name,price,period,school_obj.nid)
 77         obj.save()
 78         status=True
 79         error=‘‘
 80         data=‘\033[33;1m课程[%s] 价格[%s] 周期[%s]创建成功\033[0m‘ %(obj.name,obj.price,obj.period)
 81     except Exception as e:
 82         status=False
 83         error=str(e)
 84         data=‘‘
 85     return {‘status‘:status,‘error‘:error,‘data‘:data}
 86
 87 def show_course():
 88     for obj in Course.get_all_obj_list():
 89         # print(‘\033[33;1m[%s] [%s]校区 [%s]课程 价格[%s] 周期[%s]\033[0m‘.center(60,‘-‘) \
 90         #       %(obj.school_nid.get_obj_by_uuid().name,\
 91         #         obj.school_nid.get_obj_by_uuid().addr,\
 92         #         obj.name,obj.price,obj.period))
 93         print(‘\033[33;1m[%s]课程 价格[%s] 周期[%s]\033[0m‘.center(60,‘-‘)  94               %(obj.name,obj.price,obj.period))
 95
 96 def create_course_to_teacher():
 97     pass
 98
 99 def create_classes():
100     try:
101         name=input(‘请输入班级名：‘).strip()
102         classes_name_list=[obj.name for obj in Classes.get_all_obj_list()]
103         if name in classes_name_list:
104             raise Exception(‘\033[43;1m班级[%s] 已经存在，不可重复创建\033[0m‘ %(name))
105         obj=Classes(name)
106         obj.save()
107         status=True
108         error=‘‘
109         data=‘\033[33;1m 班级[%s] 时间[%s]创建成功\003[0m‘ %(obj.name,obj.create_time)
110     except Exception as e:
111         status=False
112         error=str(e)
113         data=‘‘
114     return {‘status‘:status,‘error‘:error,‘data‘:data}
115
116
117 def show_classes():
118     for obj in Classes.get_all_obj_list():
119         print(‘\033[33;1m 班级[%s] 创建时间[%s]\033[0m‘.center(60, ‘-‘) 120               %(obj.name,obj.create_time))
121
122 def create_student():
123     try:
124         name=input(‘请输入姓名：‘).strip()
125         age=input(‘请输入年龄：‘).strip()
126         qq=input(‘请输入QQ：‘).strip()
127         student_name_list=[(obj.name,obj.age,obj.qq) for obj in Student.get_all_obj_list()]
128         if name in student_name_list:
129             raise Exception(‘\033[43;1m姓名[%s] 已经存在，不可重复创建\033[0m‘ %(name))
130         obj=Student(name,age,qq)
131         obj.save()
132         status=True
133         error=‘‘
134         data=‘\033[33;1m 姓名[%s] 年龄[%s] QQ[%s] 时间[%s]创建成功\003[0m‘ 135              %(obj.name,obj.age,obj.qq,obj.create_time)
136     except Exception as e:
137         status=False
138         error=str(e)
139         data=‘‘
140     return {‘status‘:status,‘error‘:error,‘data‘:data}
141
142 def show_student():
143     for obj in Student.get_all_obj_list():
144         print(‘\033[33;1m 姓名[%s] 年龄[%s] QQ[%s] 创建时间[%s]\033[0m‘.center(60, ‘-‘) 145               %(obj.name,obj.age,obj.qq,obj.create_time))
146
147
148 def show():
149     msg=‘‘‘
150         0:选项
151         1:创建学校
152         2:查看学校
153         3:创建老师
154         4:查看老师
155         5:创建课程
156         6:查看课程
157         7:关联老师与课程
158         8:创建班级
159         9:查看班级
160         10:创建学生
161         11:查看学生
162         12:退出
163     ‘‘‘
164     print(msg)
165
166
167 def main():
168     choice_dic={
169         ‘0‘:show,
170         ‘1‘:create_school,
171         ‘2‘:show_school,
172         ‘3‘:create_teacher,
173         ‘4‘:show_teacher,
174         ‘5‘:create_course,
175         ‘6‘:show_course,
176         ‘7‘:create_course_to_teacher,
177         ‘8‘:create_classes,
178         ‘9‘:show_classes,
179         ‘10‘:create_student,
180         ‘11‘:show_student,
181         ‘12‘:exit
182     }
183     show()
184     while True:
185         choice=input(‘请输入选项: ‘).strip()
186         if choice not in choice_dic:continue
187         ret=choice_dic[choice]()
188         if ret:
189             if ret[‘status‘]:
190                 print(ret[‘data‘].center(60,‘-‘))
191             else:
192                 print(ret[‘error‘].center(60,‘-‘))
193
194
195 def login():
196     ret=Admin.login()
197     if ret:
198             if ret[‘status‘]:
199                 print(ret[‘data‘].center(60,‘-‘))
200                 main()
201             else:
202                 print(ret[‘error‘].center(60,‘-‘))
203
204 if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
205     main()

src/services/initialize.py

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_
 3 import getpass
 4 from src.models import Admin
 5
 6 def initialize():
 7     try:
 8         user = input(‘请输入初始化用户名：‘)
 9         # pwd = getpass.getpass(‘请输入初始化密码：‘)
10         pwd = input(‘请输入初始化密码：‘)
11         obj = Admin(user, pwd)
12         obj.save()
13         return True
14     except Exception as e:
15         print(e)
16
17
18 def main():
19     show = """
20         1. 初始化管理员账户
21     """
22     choice_dict = {
23         ‘1‘: initialize
24     }
25     while True:
26         print(show)
27         choice = input(‘请输入操作选项：‘)
28         if choice not in choice_dict:
29             print(‘选项错误，请重新输入！！！‘)
30         func = choice_dict[choice]
31         ret = func()
32         if ret:
33             print(‘操作成功‘)
34             return
35         else:
36             print(‘操作异常，请重新操作‘)

src/services/student_service.py

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_
 3 from src.models import Student
 4
 5 class register:
 6     """
 7     学生注册
 8     """
 9
10 class score:
11     """
12     学生查看个人成绩
13     """
14
15 def main():
16     pass
17
18 def login():
19     pass

src/services/teacher_service.py

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python
 2 #_*_coding:utf-8_*_
 3
 4 def class_info():
 5     """
 6     查看班级信息
 7     """
 8
 9 def student_info():
10     """
11     查看学生信息
12     """
13
14 def set_student_score():
15     """
16     设置学生分数
17     """
18
19 def main():
20     pass
21
22 def login():
23     pass