Alamofire详解
预览图
Swift Alamofire 简介
Alamofire是 Swift 语言的 HTTP 网络开发工具包,相当于Swift实现AFNetworking版本。
当然,AFNetworking非常稳定,在Mac OSX与iOS中也能像其他Objective-C代码一样用Swift编写。不过Alamofire更适合Swift语言风格习惯(Alamofire与AFNetworking可以共存一个项目中,互不影响).
Alamofire 取名来源于Alamo Fire flower
Alamofire安装使用方法
使用CocoaPods安装，在podfile
1 source ‘https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git‘ 2 platform :ios, ‘8.0‘ 3 use_frameworks! 4 5 pod ‘Alamofire‘, ‘~> 1.2‘
submodule 方式安装 1 $ git submodule add https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire.git
1.下载源码将Alamofire.xcodeproj拖拽至工程中如下图: 
2.工程->Build Phases->Target Dependencies 增加Alamofire 
3.点击如下图“+”按钮选择"New Copy Files Phase"添加,改名为“Copy Frameworks”并 选择选项下的“ Destination”为“ Frameworks”，然后添加“Alamofire.framework”
4.在需要使用的swift文件中加入import Alamofire，如下图: 
功能
- Chainable Request / Response methods
- URL / JSON / plist Parameter Encoding
- Upload File / Data / Stream
- Download using Request or Resume data
- Authentication with NSURLCredential
- Progress Closure & NSProgress
- cURL Debug Output
1.0版本计划
1.0版本将在Swift 1.0发布之后。
- 100% Unit Test Coverage
- Complete Documentation
- HTTP Response Validation
- TLS Chain Validation
- UIKit / AppKit Extensions
环境要求
Xcode 6
iOS 7.0+ / Mac OS X 10.9+
Alamofire使用方法
GET 请求
1 Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get") 带参数
1 Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"])
Response结果处理
1 Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"])
2 .response { (request, response, data, error) in
3 println(request)
4 println(response)
5 println(error)
6 }
Response结果字符串处理
1 Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"])
2 .responseString { (request, response, string, error) in
3 println(string)
4 }
HTTP 方法（Medthods）
Alamofire.Method enum 列表出在RFC 2616中定义的HTTP方法 §9:
1 public enum Method: String {
2 case OPTIONS = "OPTIONS"
3 case GET = "GET"
4 case HEAD = "HEAD"
5 case POST = "POST"
6 case PUT = "PUT"
7 case PATCH = "PATCH"
8 case DELETE = "DELETE"
9 case TRACE = "TRACE"
10 case CONNECT = "CONNECT"
11 }
这些值可以作为Alamofire.request请求的第一个参数.
1 Alamofire.request(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post") 2 3 Alamofire.request(.PUT, "http://httpbin.org/put") 4 5 Alamofire.request(.DELETE, "http://httpbin.org/delete")
POST请求
1 let parameters = [ 2 "foo": "bar", 3 "baz": ["a", 1], 4 "qux": [ 5 "x": 1, 6 "y": 2, 7 "z": 3 8 ] 9 ]
1 Alamofire.request(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post", parameters: parameters) 发送以下HttpBody内容:
1 foo=bar&baz[]=a&baz[]=1&qux[x]=1&qux[y]=2&qux[z]=3 Alamofire 使用Alamofire.ParameterEncoding可以支持URL query/URI form,JSON, PropertyList方式编码参数。
Parameter Encoding
1 enum ParameterEncoding {
2 case URL
3 case JSON(options: NSJSONWritingOptions)
4 case PropertyList(format: NSPropertyListFormat,
5 options: NSPropertyListWriteOptions)
6
7 func encode(request: NSURLRequest,
8 parameters: [String: AnyObject]?) ->
9 (NSURLRequest, NSError?)
10 { ... }
11 }
NSURLRequest方式编码参数
1 let URL = NSURL(string: "http://httpbin.org/get") 2 var request = NSURLRequest(URL: URL) 3 4 let parameters = ["foo": "bar"] 5 let encoding = Alamofire.ParameterEncoding.URL 6 (request, _) = encoding.encode(request, parameters)
POST JSON格式数据
1 Alamofire.request(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post", parameters: parameters, encoding: .JSON(options: nil))
2 .responseJSON {(request, response, JSON, error) in
3 println(JSON)
4 }
Response 方法
- response()
- responseString(encoding: NSStringEncoding)
- responseJSON(options: NSJSONReadingOptions)
- responsePropertyList(options: NSPropertyListReadOptions)
上传（Uploading）
支持的类型
- File
- Data
- Stream
- Multipart (Coming Soon)
上传文件
1 let fileURL = NSBundle.mainBundle()
2 .URLForResource("Default",
3 withExtension: "png")
4
5 Alamofire.upload(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post", file: fileURL)
上传进度
1 Alamofire.upload(.POST, "http://httpbin.org/post", file: fileURL)
2 .progress { (bytesWritten, totalBytesWritten, totalBytesExpectedToWrite) in
3 println(totalBytesWritten)
4 }
5 .responseJSON { (request, response, JSON, error) in
6 println(JSON)
7 }
下载
支持的类型
- Request
- Resume Data
下载文件
1 Alamofire.download(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/stream/100", destination: { (temporaryURL, response) in
2 if let directoryURL = NSFileManager.defaultManager()
3 .URLsForDirectory(.DocumentDirectory,
4 inDomains: .UserDomainMask)[0]
5 as? NSURL {
6 let pathComponent = response.suggestedFilename
7
8 return directoryURL.URLByAppendingPathComponent(pathComponent)
9 }
10
11 return temporaryURL
12 })
下载到默认路径
1 let destination = Alamofire.Request.suggestedDownloadDestination(directory: .DocumentDirectory, domain: .UserDomainMask) 2 3 Alamofire.download(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/stream/100", destination: destination)
下载进度
1 Alamofire.download(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/stream/100", destination: destination)
2 .progress { (bytesRead, totalBytesRead, totalBytesExpectedToRead) in
3 println(totalBytesRead)
4 }
5 .response { (request, response, _, error) in
6 println(response)
7 }
认证（Authentication）
支持以下几种认证
- HTTP Basic
- HTTP Digest
- Kerberos
- NTLM
Http basic认证
1 let user = "user"
2 let password = "password"
3
4 Alamofire.request(.GET, "https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/\(user)/\(password)")
5 .authenticate(HTTPBasic: user, password: password)
6 .response {(request, response, _, error) in
7 println(response)
8 }
采用NSURLCredential&NSURLProtectionSpace方式认证
1 let user = "user"
2 let password = "password"
3
4 let credential = NSURLCredential(user: user, password: password, persistence: .ForSession)
5 let protectionSpace = NSURLProtectionSpace(host: "httpbin.org", port: 0, `protocol`: "https", realm: nil, authenticationMethod: NSURLAuthenticationMethodHTTPBasic)
6
7
8
9 Alamofire.request(.GET, "https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/\(user)/\(password)")
10 .authenticate(usingCredential: credential, forProtectionSpace: protectionSpace)
11 .response {(request, response, _, error) in
12 println(response)
13 }
Printable
1 let request = Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/ip") 2 3 println(request) 4 // GET http://httpbin.org/ip (200)
调试
1 let request = Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"]) 2 3 debugPrintln(request)
Output (cURL)
1 $ curl -i 2 -H "User-Agent: Alamofire" 3 -H "Accept-Encoding: Accept-Encoding: gzip;q=1.0,compress;q=0.5" 4 -H "Accept-Language: en;q=1.0,fr;q=0.9,de;q=0.8,zh-Hans;q=0.7,zh-Hant;q=0.6,ja;q=0.5" 5 "http://httpbin.org/get?foo=bar"
时间： 2024-10-16 18:43:37