首先感谢一下润和软件,指引我走上了Spring MVC Web开发的道路。
下面进入正题
搭建开发环境:
Netbeans8.0.2 + MySql5.6 + JDK1.7 + tomcat8.0.15
本次采用的Spring MVC Jar包如下:
spring-aop-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-support-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-oxm-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar
当然还有其他的依赖jar,如有需要请留下邮箱~!
1.首先创建Web项目
web.mvc
2.引入所有的jar文件
3.配置web.xml
做web开发的都知道,web.xml是项目的入口,我们既然使用spring那么当然要添加Spring的支持啦!
spring默认加载的是applicationContext.xml,由于我们需要集成MyBatis
所以我把Spring的配置文件强制指定名称,并与MyBatis一起配置,减少配置文件数量
先指定spring配置文件名名称与路径
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- <!-- Spring 上下文参数 加载Spring配置文件 -->
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath*:xmlconfig/springmvc-mybatis.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
再执行Spring上下文监听配置
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- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
添加支持Spring mvc 的配置
说明:添加支持目前有3种方式。
第一种:拦截 /*.do
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- <!-- spring mvc 拦截器配置 -->
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath*:/xmlconfig/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/*.do</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
优势:拦截明确,不会和其他的拦截冲突
缺点:URL不美观
第二种:拦截 /*
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- <!-- spring mvc 拦截器配置 -->
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath*:/xmlconfig/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
优点:支持rest风格,Url美观
缺点:会拦截静态资源
第三种,也是我推荐的一种:拦截 /
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- <!-- spring mvc 拦截器配置 -->
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath*:/xmlconfig/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
优点:支持rest风格,URL美观,不拦截静态资源
我们采用第三种做为我们的拦截方案,将配置添加到web.xml中。
大家都知道,web项目最怕的就是乱码,而spring为我们提供了字符编码的过滤器,我们也给配置到web.xml中
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- <!-- 字符编码配置 -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
我们采用的是tomcat服务器,为了让静态的资源直接交给tomcat处理,所以我们在web.xml中配置了以下配置
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- <!-- 激活Tomcat的defaultServlet来处理静态文件 -->
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
4.配置springmvc-mybatis.xml和springmvc-servlet.xml
相信很多人都在这里卡主了,因为配置实在是太多了,各种方式都有
为了不妨碍大家,我决定直接将完整的配置直接贴出来
springmvc-mybatis.xml
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- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd">
- <!-- 数据源定义-->
- <bean id="dataSource" class="com.jolbox.bonecp.BoneCPDataSource">
- <property name="driverClass" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/web" />
- <property name="jdbcUrl" value="root" />
- <property name="username" value="123456" />
- <property name="password" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
- <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:dbmap/*Mapper.xml" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
- <bean id="transactionManager"
- class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
- <property name="dataSource">
- <ref bean="dataSource" />
- </property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="defaultLobHandler"
- class="org.springframework.jdbc.support.lob.DefaultLobHandler"
- lazy-init="true"/>
- <!-- 查 找 类 路 径 下 的 映 射 器 并 自 动 将 它 们 创 建 成 MapperFactoryBean-->
- <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
- <property name="basePackage" value="com.ansitech.web.orm.mapper" />
- </bean>
- </beans>
spring-servlet.xml
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- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd">
- <description>Spring MVC Configuration</description>
- <!-- 对静态资源文件的访问,交给default servlet handler处理 -->
- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
- <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->
- <context:annotation-config />
- <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->
- <mvc:annotation-driven />
- <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包 -->
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.ansitech.web"></context:component-scan>
- <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
- <bean class=
- "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>
- <!-- JSP视图文件解析配置 -->
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
- <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
- <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
- <property name="viewNames" value="jsp/*"/>
- <property name="order" value="1"/>
- </bean>
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
- <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
- <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
- <property name="order" value="2"/>
- </bean>
- <!-- 上传文件拦截,设置最大上传文件大小 10M=10*1024*1024(B)=10485760 bytes -->
- <bean id="multipartResolver"
- class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
- <!-- one of the properties available; the maximum file size in bytes -->
- <property name="maxUploadSize">
- <value>5242880</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- </beans>
web.xml
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- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
- version="3.0">
- <!-- 程序Session配置 -->
- <session-config>
- <!-- Session过期时间(单位:分) -->
- <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
- </session-config>
- <!-- 激活Tomcat的defaultServlet来处理静态文件 -->
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <!-- Spring 上下文参数 加载Spring配置文件 -->
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath*:xmlconfig/springmvc-mybatis.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <!-- spring mvc 拦截器配置 -->
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath*:/xmlconfig/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- <!-- 字符编码配置 -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encoding</param-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <!-- 欢迎页 -->
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- </web-app>
接下来就是包的结构了
前缀大家可以自己定义自己喜欢的,但是后边的结构,是整个框架的核心,所以请大家按照我的格式去建
前缀com.ansitech
com.ansitech.orm
com.ansitech.orm.base
com.ansitech.orm.mapper
com.ansitech.service
com.ansitech.service.po
com.ansitech.service.impl
com.ansitech.web
com.ansitech.web.controller
大家可能不理解,为什么要这么建呢?
那么我们来以用户管理模块来解释,用户对象为User
那么我们需要建立基础对象:
com.ansitech.orm.base.User.java
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- package com.ansitech.orm.base;
- /**
- * 用户对象
- *
- * @author qsyang
- */
- public class User {
- private int id;
- private String loginName;
- private String loginPwd;
- /**
- * 用户类型 1 管理员 2 普通用户
- */
- private int typeId;
- public int getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getLoginName() {
- return loginName;
- }
- public void setLoginName(String loginName) {
- this.loginName = loginName;
- }
- public String getLoginPwd() {
- return loginPwd;
- }
- public void setLoginPwd(String loginPwd) {
- this.loginPwd = loginPwd;
- }
- public int getTypeId() {
- return typeId;
- }
- public void setTypeId(int typeId) {
- this.typeId = typeId;
- }
- }
基础对象建好了,我们需要做一个Mapper来实现用户对象的增删改查
com.ansitech.orm.mapper.UserMapper.java
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- package com.ansitech.orm.mapper;
- import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;
- import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
- /**
- * 用户数据接口
- *
- * @author qsyang
- */
- public interface UserMapper {
- void add(User user);
- User get(@Param("id") int id);
- void update(User user);
- int delete(@Param("id") int id);
- }
使用ORM模式,我们需要创建一个抽象的用户对象来解决额外属性查询的问题
com.ansitech.orm.AbstractUser.java
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- package com.ansitech.orm;
- import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;
- /**
- * 抽象用户对象
- *
- * 提供其他属性获取
- *
- * @author qsyang
- */
- public abstract class AbstractUser extends User{
- //获取当前用户所属分类名称
- public abstract String findTypeName();
- }
有了数据接口了,我们需要对外提供服务
com.ansitech.service.IUserService.java
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- package com.ansitech.service;
- import com.ansitech.orm.AbstractUser;
- import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;
- /**
- * 用户服务接口
- *
- * @author qsyang
- */
- public interface IUserService {
- //添加系统管理员
- void addSystemUser(String loginName, String loginPwd);
- //添加普通用户
- void addNormalUser(String loginName, String loginPwd);
- //根据用户Id查询抽象用户
- AbstractUser getAbstractUserById(int userId);
- //根据用户Id查询用户
- User getUserById(int userId);
- //修改用户信息
- void updateUser(int userId, String loginName, String loginPwd);
- //根据用户Id删除用户
- int deleteUser(int userId);
- }
有了服务接口,就要有实现接口
com.ansitech.service.impl.UserService.java
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- package com.ansitech.service.impl;
- import com.ansitech.orm.AbstractUser;
- import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;
- import com.ansitech.orm.mapper.UserMapper;
- import com.ansitech.service.IUserService;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- /**
- * 用户接口实现类
- *
- * @author qsyang
- */
- @Service
- public class UserService implements IUserService {
- @Autowired
- private UserMapper userMapper;
- @Override
- public void addSystemUser(String loginName, String loginPwd) {
- User user = new User();
- user.setLoginName(loginName);
- user.setLoginPwd(loginPwd);
- //用户类型 1 管理员 2 普通用户
- user.setTypeId(1);
- userMapper.add(null);
- }
- @Override
- public void addNormalUser(String loginName, String loginPwd) {
- User user = new User();
- user.setLoginName(loginName);
- user.setLoginPwd(loginPwd);
- //用户类型 1 管理员 2 普通用户
- user.setTypeId(2);
- userMapper.add(null);
- }
- @Override
- public AbstractUser getAbstractUserById(int userId) {
- throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");
- }
- @Override
- public User getUserById(int userId) {
- return userMapper.get(userId);
- }
- @Override
- public void updateUser(int userId, String loginName, String loginPwd) {
- //先根据用户Id查询用户对象
- User user = userMapper.get(userId);
- if (user != null) {
- user.setLoginName(loginName);
- user.setLoginPwd(loginPwd);
- //修改用户
- userMapper.update(user);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public int deleteUser(int userId) {
- return userMapper.delete(userId);
- }
- }
细心的便宜,可能已经看到了,getAbstractUserById()这个方法我们还没有实现
因为AbstractUser还有具体的实现类,所以我们来新建实现类
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- package com.ansitech.service.po;
- import com.ansitech.orm.AbstractUser;
- import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;
- import com.ansitech.service.impl.UserService;
- /**
- * 用户数据操作对象
- *
- * @author qsyang
- */
- public class UserPO extends AbstractUser {
- private final UserService userService;
- public UserPO(UserService userService) {
- this.userService = userService;
- }
- public UserPO copyFrom(User obj) {
- this.setId(obj.getId());
- this.setLoginName(obj.getLoginName());
- this.setLoginPwd(obj.getLoginPwd());
- this.setTypeId(obj.getTypeId());
- return this;
- }
- @Override
- public String findTypeName() {
- return userService.findTypeName(this.getTypeId());
- }
- }
对象已经创建好了,这个时候我们可以修改下service实现类的方法了,并且我们增加了一个方法
增加这个方法,只是因为我们有可能需要继续调用其他的Mapper去查询。
修改的实现方法
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- @Override
- public AbstractUser getAbstractUserById(int userId) {
- User user = userMapper.get(userId);
- if (user != null) {
- UserPO po = new UserPO(this);
- po.copyFrom(user);
- return po;
- }
- return null;
- }
新增的方法:
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- public String findTypeName(int typeId) {
- if (typeId == 1) {
- return "系统管理员";
- } else {
- return "普通用户";
- }
- }
只有一来,Service架构和orm架构就已经完成了,下面只需要建立控制器就可以了
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- package com.ansitech.web.controller.user;
- import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;
- import com.ansitech.service.impl.UserService;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
- /**
- * 用户控制器
- *
- * @author qsyang
- */
- @Controller
- public class UserController {
- @Autowired
- private UserService userService;
- @RequestMapping("/user/user-index")
- public String index() {
- User user = userService.getUserById(1);
- if (user != null) {
- System.out.println("user name = " + user.getLoginName());
- }
- return "jsp/user/index";
- }
- }
大家到现在有没有理解这个架构呢?
如有疑问,请留言!
感谢您看完本篇文章,转载请注明出处。
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。