1、Activity的 runOnUiThread

 textView = (TextView) findViewById( R.id.tv );
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {

                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        textView.setText( "更新UI了");
                    }
                });
            }
        }).start();

android Activity runOnUiThread() 方法使用

2、Handler sendEmptyMessage()

package lib.com.myapplication;

import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView textView ;

    Handler handler = new Handler( ) {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            textView.setText( "Ui更新了");
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        textView = (TextView) findViewById( R.id.tv );
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep( 2000 );
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                handler.sendEmptyMessage( 2 ) ;
            }
        }).start();

    }
}

3、Handler  post()

package lib.com.myapplication;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView textView ;

    Handler handler = new Handler();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        textView = (TextView) findViewById( R.id.tv );

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep( 2000 );
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                handler.post(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        textView.setText( "Ui更新了");
                    }
                }) ;
            }
        }).start();

    }
}

4、view Post()　

 textView = (TextView) findViewById( R.id.tv );
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep( 2000 );
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }

                textView.post(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        textView.setText( "Ui更新了");
                    }
                }) ;
            }
        }).start();

总结：

1、其实上面的四种方式都可归结于一种方式：handler 用于Android线程之间的通信。

2、为什么android要求只能在UI线程进行UI操作？ 主要还是为了避免多线程造成的并发的问题。在单线程操作UI是安全的。