第一步:配置Spring MVC 核心Servlet
<!-- spring mvc --> <listener> <!-- request、session 和 global session web作用域 --> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener </listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:applicationContext.xml </param-value> </context-param> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <!-- Spring mvc 核心分发器 --> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <!-- 拦截所有请求,静态资源会在spring-servlet中处理 --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <filter> <!-- utf-8 编码处理 --> <filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>Character Encoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
第二步:配置spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd"> <!-- 把标记了@Controller注解的类转换为bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.hnust.controller" /> <!-- 开启MVC注解功能 ,为了使Controller中的参数注解起效,需要如下配置 --> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!-- 静态资源获取,不用后台映射 --> <mvc:resources mapping="/resource/**" location="/resource/"/> <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/**"/> <!-- 定义在mvc:interceptor下面的表示是对特定的请求才进行拦截的 --> <bean class="com.hnust.interceptor.TranslateInterceptor"/> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors> <!-- 主要是进行Controller 和 URL 的一些注解绑定,这里可以进行转换器配置:只有配置好了转换器才能进行类与JSON和XML的转换,当然只是针对基于转换器协商资源表述 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" /> <!-- XML 与 Java 数据转换 --> <bean id="jaxbMarshaller" class="org.springframework.oxm.jaxb.Jaxb2Marshaller"> <property name="classesToBeBound"> <list> <!--common XML 映射 JavaBean 注册 --> <value>com.hnust.bean.Resource</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 基于视图渲染进行协商资源表述 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver"> <!-- restful 是否采用扩展名的方式确定内容格式,id.json 返回JSON格式 --> <property name="favorPathExtension" value="true"></property> <!-- restful 是否采用参数支持确定内容格式,id?format=json 返回JSON格式 --> <property name="favorParameter" value="true"></property> <!-- restful 是否忽略掉accept header,Accept:application/json --> <property name="ignoreAcceptHeader" value="false"></property> <!-- 基于视图按顺序解析 --> <property name="order" value="1" /> <!-- 对采用扩展名,参数新式的 URL 进行获取对应的 accept --> <property name="mediaTypes"> <map> <entry key="json" value="application/json"/> <entry key="xml" value="application/xml"/> <entry key="html" value="text/html"/> </map> </property> <!-- 如果扩展名,参数甚至header 信息都没有找到对应的accept时 --> <property name="defaultContentType" value="text/html"/> <!-- 采用对应的视图进行渲染 --> <property name="defaultViews"> <list > <!-- 转换Java对象为XML格式数据 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.xml.MarshallingView"> <constructor-arg ref="jaxbMarshaller" /> </bean> <!-- 转换Java对象为JSON 格式数据 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJacksonJsonView"/> </list> </property> <!-- 采用对应的视图进行渲染 --> <property name="viewResolvers"> <list > <!-- 查找在上下文中定义了ID的Bean,并且定位该ID --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver"/> <!-- 对Controller中返回的视图实例进行解析,并且组装URL定位到对应的资源 --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </list> </property> </bean> </beans>
第三步:编写controller
/** * *@author:Heweipo *@version 1.00 * */ @Controller @RequestMapping("/resource") public class ResourceController { @Autowired private ResourceService service; @RequestMapping(value="/get/{id}" , method=RequestMethod.GET) public String get(@PathVariable("id") String id , ModelMap model){ model.put("resource", service.getResource(id)); return "resource"; } }
第四步:页面请求,获取 Json xml html 三种格式的数据
浏览器请求URL: 浏览器响应结果:{"resource":{"id":"id_111","name":"maven","number":11}}
浏览器响应结果: <resource> <id>id_111</id> <name>maven</name> <number>11</number> </resource>
总结:因为刚刚学习,所以只是一个开始,下周贴出全部源码,仅供学习参考。
时间: 2024-11-25 15:58:29