3 项目开发 - 数据库

1 环境安装

• 新建虚拟环境：mkvirtualenv mxonline
• 查看已安装：pip list
• django安装：pip install django==1.9
• django离线安装：下载个django压缩包，workon XX 进入虚拟环境，进入解压包执行 python setup.py install
• 安装mysql驱动：pip install MySQL_python-1.2.5-cp27-none-win_amd64.whl

2 新建项目

• 虚拟环境位置 C:\Users\Aaron\Envs\mxonline\Scripts\python.exe

• 数据库设置

1 DATABASES = {
2     ‘default‘: {
3         ‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.mysql‘,
4         ‘NAME‘: ‘XX‘,
5         ‘USER‘: ‘root‘,
6         ‘PASSWORD‘: ‘‘,
7         ‘HOST‘: ‘127.0.0.1‘
8     }
9 }

• 新建数据库

• 生成django默认表

1. 首先执行：Tools > Run manage.py Task
2. makemigrations
3. migrate

• 启动服务并访问

3 新建APP

• 新建app

1. 首先执行：Tools > Run manage.py Task
2. startapp users

• 编写users的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4
 5 from django.db import models
 6 from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
 7
 8
 9 class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
10     nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u‘昵称‘, default=‘‘)
11     birday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u‘生日‘, null=True, blank=True)
12     gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=((‘male‘, u‘男‘), (‘female‘, u‘女‘)), default=‘female‘)
13     address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default=u‘‘)
14     mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)
15     image = models.ImageField(upload_to=‘image/%Y/%m‘, default=u‘image/default.png‘, max_length=100)
16
17     class Meta:
18         verbose_name = u‘用户信息‘
19         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
20
21     def __unicode__(self):
22         return self.username
23
24
25 class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
26     code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u‘验证码‘)
27     email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u‘邮箱‘)
28     send_type = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=((‘register‘, u‘注册‘), (‘forget‘, u‘忘记密码‘)))
29     send_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
30
31     class Meta:
32         verbose_name = u‘邮箱验证码‘
33         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
34
35
36 class Banner(models.Model):
37     title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u‘标题‘)
38     image = models.ImageField(max_length=100, upload_to=‘banner/%Y/%m‘, verbose_name=u‘轮播图‘)
39     url = models.URLField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u‘访问地址‘)
40     index = models.IntegerField(default=100, verbose_name=u‘顺序‘)
41     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
42
43     class Meta:
44         verbose_name = u‘轮播图‘
45         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

• 注册app

1 INSTALLED_APPS = [
2     ‘django.contrib.admin‘,
3     ‘django.contrib.auth‘,
4     ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
5     ‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
6     ‘django.contrib.messages‘,
7     ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,
8     ‘users‘
9 ]

• 重载一个setting的方法

1 AUTH_USER_MODEL = ‘users.UserProfile‘

• 安装Pillow

1. 错误信息：users.UserProfile.image: (fields.E210) Cannot use ImageField because Pillow is not installed.
2. 安装：pip install Pillow

• 生成users app的表

1. 首先执行：Tools > Run manage.py Task
2. makemigrations users
3. migrate users

• 新建app

1. 首先执行：Tools > Run manage.py Task
2. startapp courses

• 编写courses的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4
 5 from django.db import models
 6
 7
 8 class Course(models.Model):
 9     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u‘课程名称‘)
10     desc = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name=u‘课程描述‘)
11     detail = models.TextField(verbose_name=u‘课程详情‘)
12     degree = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=((‘cj‘,‘初级‘), (‘zj‘,‘中级‘), (‘gj‘,‘高级‘)))
13     learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘学习时长(分钟)‘)
14     students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘学习人数‘)
15     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘收藏人数‘)
16     image = models.ImageField(max_length=100, upload_to=‘courses/%Y/%m‘, verbose_name=u‘封面图‘)
17     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘点击数‘)
18     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
19
20     class Meta:
21         verbose_name = u‘课程‘
22         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
23
24
25 class Lesson(models.Model):
26     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u‘课程‘)
27     name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u‘章节名‘)
28     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
29
30     class Meta:
31         verbose_name = u‘章节‘
32         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
33
34
35 class Video(models.Model):
36     lesson = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u‘章节‘)
37     name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u‘视频名‘)
38     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
39
40     class Meta:
41         verbose_name = u‘视频‘
42         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
43
44
45 class CourseResource(models.Model):
46     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u‘课程‘)
47     name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u‘资源名称‘)
48     download = models.FileField(max_length=100, upload_to=‘course/resource/%Y/%m‘, verbose_name=u‘资源文件‘)
49     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
50
51     class Meta:
52         verbose_name = u‘课程资源‘
53         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

• 新建app

1. 首先执行：Tools > Run manage.py Task
2. startapp organization

• 编写organization的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4
 5 from django.db import models
 6
 7
 8 class CityDict(models.Model):
 9     name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u‘城市‘)
10     desc = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u‘描述‘)
11     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
12
13     class Meta:
14         verbose_name = u‘城市‘
15         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
16
17
18 class CourseOrg(models.Model):
19     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u‘机构名称‘)
20     desc = models.TextField(verbose_name=u‘机构描述‘)
21     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘点击数‘)
22     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘收藏数‘)
23     image = models.ImageField(upload_to=‘org/%Y/%m‘, verbose_name=u‘封面图片‘)
24     address = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name=u‘机构地址‘)
25     city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict, verbose_name=u‘所在城市‘)
26     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
27
28     class Meta:
29         verbose_name = u‘课程机构‘
30         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
31
32
33 class Teacher(models.Model):
34     org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, verbose_name=u‘所属机构‘)
35     name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u‘教师名‘)
36     work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘工作年限‘)
37     work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u‘就职公司‘)
38     points = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u‘教学特点‘)
39     click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘点击数‘)
40     fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘收藏数‘)
41     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
42
43     class Meta:
44         verbose_name = u‘教师‘
45         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

• 新建app

1. 首先执行：Tools > Run manage.py Task
2. startapp operation

• 编写operation的models

 1 #_*_ encoding:utf-8 _*_
 2 from __future__ import unicode_literals
 3 from datetime import datetime
 4
 5 from django.db import models
 6
 7 from users.models import UserProfile
 8 from courses.models import Course
 9
10
11 class UserAsk(models.Model):
12     name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u‘姓名‘)
13     mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name=u‘手机‘)
14     course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u‘课程名‘)
15     add_time = models.DateTimeField(datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
16
17     class Meta:
18         verbose_name = u‘用户咨询‘
19         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
20
21
22 class CourseComments(models.Model):
23     user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u‘用户‘)
24     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u‘课程‘)
25     comments = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u‘评论‘)
26     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
27
28     class Meta:
29         verbose_name =u‘课程评论‘
30         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
31
32
33 class UserFavorite(models.Model):
34     user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u‘用户‘)
35     fav_id = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘数据id‘)
36     fav_type = models.IntegerField(default=0, choices=((1,‘课程‘), (2,‘课程机构‘), (3,‘讲师‘)), verbose_name=u‘收藏类型‘)
37     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
38
39     class Meta:
40         verbose_name =u‘用户收藏‘
41         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
42
43
44 class UserMessage(models.Model):
45     user = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u‘接收用户‘)
46     messae = models.CharField(max_length=500, verbose_name=u‘消息内容‘)
47     has_read = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name=u‘是否已读‘)
48     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
49
50     class Meta:
51         verbose_name =u‘用户消息‘
52         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
53
54
55 class UserCourse(models.Model):
56     user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u‘用户‘)
57     course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u‘课程‘)
58     add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u‘添加时间‘)
59
60     class Meta:
61         verbose_name =u‘用户课程‘
62         verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

• 注册app

 1 INSTALLED_APPS = [
 2     ‘django.contrib.admin‘,
 3     ‘django.contrib.auth‘,
 4     ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
 5     ‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
 6     ‘django.contrib.messages‘,
 7     ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,
 8     ‘users‘,
 9     ‘course‘,
10     ‘organization‘,
11     ‘operation‘
12 ]

• 生成数据表

1. 执行命令：makemigrations
2. 执行命令：migrate

4 合并APPS

• 新建apps

　　　　新建python package，名为apps

• Mark Directory as > Source Root
• 配置setting文件，把apps文件夹加入到python的搜索路径下

1 import os
2 import sys
3 # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
4 BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
5 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘apps‘))