任意进制转换算法
N年没有写博客，发个进制转换的玩下，支持负数；功能属于简化版的 Convert.ToInt32 ，特点是：
1、任意位，如：0，1（二进制），0...7（八进制），0...9,A...F（16进制），0...N（N进制），或者是：[email protected]#$%^&*（8进制，字符符号），也可以是中文。
2、8 byte 最大长度。
3、C#源码。
最近写markdown格式习惯啦，cnblogs啥时候全改掉算了，别用这个htmleditor算了。
先说明下进制转换的基础知识，不会的可以了解下，会的就别看了，后面的也别看，纯粹属于浪费时间。
十六进制转十进制表
10 15 1
<--------------------------------------------------------------------
0 0 0 0 0 A F 1
<--------------------------------------------------------------------
16^7 16^6 16^5 16^4 16^3 16^2 16^1 16^0
268435456 16777216 1048576 65536 4096 256 16 1
<--------------------------------------------------------------------
(10*256) + (15*16) + (1*1)
=2560+240+1
=2801
十进制转十六进制表
^
19%16=3 | 0x3
19/16=1 | 0x1
= 0x13H
十六进制到二进制快速转换
<-----------------------
2^3 2^2 2^1 2^0
8 4 2 1
<-----------------------
0xF821 = 1111 1000 0010 0001
<-----------------------
0xF = 15
= 8 + 4 + 2 + 1
= 1 1 1 1
0x8 = 8
= 8 + 0 + 0 + 0
= 1 0 0 0
0x2 = 2
= 0 + 0 + 2 + 0
= 0 0 1 0
0x1 = 1
= 0 + 0 + 0 + 1
= 0 0 0 1
二进制到十六进制快速转换
<-----------------------
2^3 2^2 2^1 2^0
8 4 2 1
<-----------------------
1111 1000 0010 0001 = 0xF821
<-----------------------
1111 = 8 + 4 + 2 + 1
= 15
= 0xF
1000 = 8 + 0 + 0 + 0
= 8
= 0x8
0010 = 0 + 0 + 2 + 0
= 2
= 0x2
0001 = 0 + 0 + 0 + 1
= 1
= 0x1
十进制快速转换十六进制
103 = (6 * 16) + 7 = 0x67
22 = (1 * 16) + 6 = 0x16
54 = (3 * 16) + 6 = 0x36
255 = (15* 16) + 15 = 0xff
999 = (62 * 16) + 7 ~ 0x7
62= (3 * 16) + 14 ~ 0xe
= 3 ~ 0x3
= 0x3e7
9999= (624 * 16) + 15 ~ 0xF
624= (39*16) + 0 ~ 0x0
39= (2* 16) + 7 ~ 0x7
2= 2 ~ 0x2
= 0x270f
1980= (123 * 16) + 12 ~ 0xc
123= (7 * 16) + 11 ~ 0xb
7= 7 ~ 0x7
= 0x7bc
计算过程摆完了，下面是测试代码（代码未经优化，纯属测试）：
class MainClass
{
public static void Main (string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine ("Test begin");
for (int n = -1230; n < 1230; n++) {
var a = n.ToString ("X");
var b = ConvertToAny (n, 0, "0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F");
if (a != b) {
Console.WriteLine ("[{2}]Error:a!=b: {0} {1}", a, b, n);
} else if (n % 100 == 0) {
Console.WriteLine ("[{2}]Curr: a!=b: {0} {1} OK", a, b, n);
}
}
Console.WriteLine ("Test ok");
Console.WriteLine ("Test begin");
for (int n = -1230; n < 1230; n++) {
var hex = n.ToString ("X");
var a = Convert.ToInt32 (hex, 16);
var b = AnyToNumber (hex, "0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F");
if (a != b) {
Console.WriteLine ("[{2}]Error:a!=b: {0} {1}", a, b, hex);
} else if (n % 100 == 0) {
Console.WriteLine ("[{2}]Curr: a!=b: {0} {1} OK", a, b, hex);
}
}
Console.WriteLine ("Test ok");
Console.WriteLine (ConvertToAny (int.MaxValue, 0, "0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F"));
}
static int AnyToNumber (string any, string anyString = "0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9")
{
int sum = 0;
var ConversionTable = BuildConversionTable (anyString);
var ReverseTable = BuildReverseTable (anyString);
var tableBit = ConversionTable.Count;
bool negativeNumber = false;
if (any.Length == 8 && any [0] > ‘7‘) {
negativeNumber = true;
//反转
var res = any;
any = "";
var moveBit = tableBit - 1;
foreach (var c in res) {
any += NumberConversion (ConversionTable, moveBit - FindConversion (ReverseTable, c.ToString ()));
}
}
var cur = any.Length - 1;
for (var n = 0; n < any.Length; n++,cur--) {
var c = any [n].ToString ();
var bitSum = FindConversion (ReverseTable, c) * (int)Math.Pow (tableBit, cur);
sum += bitSum;
}
if (negativeNumber) {
//补位
sum++;
sum = 0 - sum;
}
return sum;
}
static string ConvertToAny (int number, int padSize = 8, string anyString = "0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9")
{
var conversionPadSize = padSize;
var ConversionTable = BuildConversionTable (anyString);
var ReverseTable = BuildReverseTable (anyString);
long input = Math.Abs ((long)number);
//补码
if (number < 0) {
input -= 1;
conversionPadSize = sizeof(int) * 2;
}
var result = "";
var tableBit = ConversionTable.Count;
while (true) {
if (input >= tableBit) {
result = NumberConversion (ConversionTable, (int)(input % tableBit)) + result;
input = (int)(input / tableBit);
} else {
result = NumberConversion (ConversionTable, (int)input) + result;
break;
}
}
if (result.Length < conversionPadSize) {
//补位
result = result.PadLeft (conversionPadSize, ‘0‘);
}
// else {
// //对齐
// if (result.Length % 2 != 0) {
// result = ‘0‘ + result;
// }
// }
if (number < 0) {
//反转
var res = result;
result = "";
var moveBit = tableBit - 1;
foreach (var c in res) {
result += NumberConversion (ConversionTable, moveBit - FindConversion (ReverseTable, c.ToString ()));
}
}
return result;
}
static string NumberConversion (Dictionary<int,string> table, int n)
{
return table [n];
}
static int FindConversion (Dictionary<string,int> table, string c)
{
return table [c];
}
static Dictionary<string,int> BuildReverseTable (string tableString)
{
var table = tableString.Split (",".ToCharArray (), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
var result = new Dictionary<string,int> ();
for (var i = 0; i < table.Length; i++) {
result.Add (table [i].ToString (), i);
}
return result;
}
static Dictionary<int,string> BuildConversionTable (string tableString)
{
var table = tableString.Split (",".ToCharArray (), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
var result = new Dictionary<int,string> ();
for (var i = 0; i < table.Length; i++) {
result.Add (i, table [i].ToString ());
}
return result;
}
}
有趣的测试：
转换结果
代码未经测试，自己可以完善
时间： 2024-12-03 00:03:37