ansible-playbook的循环(Loops)
1.标准的Loops：也是最常用的一种循环
例：当需要安装10个软件包时，不用写10次任务，只需要写一次然后进行循环即可
#注：已经安装的软件系统即不在安装
[[email protected] playbook]# cat yum_list.yml
---
- hosts: webservers
remote_user: root
gather_facts: False
tasks:
- name: "需要安装的软件清单"
yum: name={{ item }} state=present
with_items:
- lrzsz
- vim
- sysstat
[[email protected] playbook]# ansible-playbook yum_list.yml
PLAY [webservers] **************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [需要安装的软件清单] ***************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.2.101] => (item=[u‘lrzsz‘, u‘vim‘, u‘sysstat‘])
changed: [192.168.2.111] => (item=[u‘lrzsz‘, u‘vim‘, u‘sysstat‘])
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.2.101 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0
192.168.2.111 : ok=1 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0
2.字典格式的循环:with_items
#写法一：
[[email protected] playbook]# cat dict_list.yml
---
- hosts: webservers
remote_user: root
gather_facts: False
tasks:
- name: "字典格式的循环"
debug: msg="name ---->{{ item.name }},age---->{{ item.age }}"
with_items:
- {name: "Liu Zhengwei",age: 28}
- {name: "Jia Dongli",age: 25}
#写法二：
[[email protected] playbook]# cat dict_list.yml
---
- hosts: webservers
remote_user: root
gather_facts: False
tasks:
- name: "字典格式的循环"
debug: msg="name ---->{{ item.name }},age---->{{ item.age }}"
with_items:
- name: "Liu Zhengwei"
age: 28
- name: "Jia Dongli"
age: 25
#注：以上两种写法效果是一样的
[[email protected] playbook]# ansible-playbook dict_list.yml
PLAY [webservers] **************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [字典格式的循环] *****************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.101] => (item={u‘age‘: 28, u‘name‘: u‘Liu Zhengwei‘}) => {
"item": {
"age": 28,
"name": "Liu Zhengwei"
},
"msg": "name ---->Liu Zhengwei,age---->28"
}
ok: [192.168.2.101] => (item={u‘age‘: 25, u‘name‘: u‘Jia Dongli‘}) => {
"item": {
"age": 25,
"name": "Jia Dongli"
},
"msg": "name ---->Jia Dongli,age---->25"
}
ok: [192.168.2.111] => (item={u‘age‘: 28, u‘name‘: u‘Liu Zhengwei‘}) => {
"item": {
"age": 28,
"name": "Liu Zhengwei"
},
"msg": "name ---->Liu Zhengwei,age---->28"
}
ok: [192.168.2.111] => (item={u‘age‘: 25, u‘name‘: u‘Jia Dongli‘}) => {
"item": {
"age": 25,
"name": "Jia Dongli"
},
"msg": "name ---->Jia Dongli,age---->25"
}
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.2.101 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0
192.168.2.111 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0
3.嵌套Loops（列表格式的循环，用于1对多或者多对多关系时）--> with_nested
[[email protected] playbook]# cat netsted_list.yml
---
- hosts: webservers
remote_user: root
gather_facts: False
tasks:
- name: "实现1对多关系的循环"
debug: msg="name--->{{ item[0] }},value--->{{ item[1] }}"
with_nested:
- [‘A‘]
- [‘a‘,‘b‘,‘c‘ ]
[[email protected] playbook]# ansible-playbook netsted_list.yml -l 192.168.2.101
PLAY [webservers] **************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [实现1对多关系的循环] **************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.101] => (item=[u‘A‘, u‘a‘]) => {
"item": [
"A",
"a"
],
"msg": "name--->A,value--->a"
}
ok: [192.168.2.101] => (item=[u‘A‘, u‘b‘]) => {
"item": [
"A",
"b"
],
"msg": "name--->A,value--->b"
}
ok: [192.168.2.101] => (item=[u‘A‘, u‘c‘]) => {
"item": [
"A",
"c"
],
"msg": "name--->A,value--->c"
}
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.2.101 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0
4.散列loops：with_dict(支持更丰富的数据结构)
注：with_dict的写法在新版本中进行了改变，必须要写成字典的形式，跟我下面写的格式一样
[[email protected] playbook]# cat with_dict.yml
---
- hosts: webservers
gather_facts: False
remote_user: root
vars:
user:
shencan:
name: shencan
shell: bash
ruifengyun:
name: ruifengyun
shell: zsh
tasks:
- name: debug loops
debug: "msg=name--->{{ item.key }} value--->{{ item.value.name }} shell--->{{ item.value.shell }}"
with_dict: "{{ user }}"
[[email protected] playbook]# ansible-playbook with_dict.yml -l 192.168.2.101
PLAY [webservers] **************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [debug loops] *************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.2.101] => (item={‘key‘: u‘ruifengyun‘, ‘value‘: {u‘shell‘: u‘zsh‘, u‘name‘: u‘ruifengyun‘}}) => {
"item": {
"key": "ruifengyun",
"value": {
"name": "ruifengyun",
"shell": "zsh"
}
},
"msg": "name--->ruifengyun"
}
ok: [192.168.2.101] => (item={‘key‘: u‘shencan‘, ‘value‘: {u‘shell‘: u‘bash‘, u‘name‘: u‘shencan‘}}) => {
"item": {
"key": "shencan",
"value": {
"name": "shencan",
"shell": "bash"
}
},
"msg": "name--->shencan"
}
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.2.101 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0
时间： 2024-10-18 16:36:33