Voltage Follower

  LM358是双运算放大器。内部包括有两个独立的、高增益、内部频率补偿的双运算放大器,适合于电源电压范围很宽的单电源使用,也适用于双电源工作模式,在推荐的工作条件下,电源电流与电源电压无关。它的使用范围包括传感放大器、直流增益模块和其他所有可用单电源供电的使用运算放大器的场合。

  1/2 LM358则是用了LM358中的一个运算放大器。

  在仔细分析Voltage Follower前先补充一下要用到的电路知识。

一个重要电路模型——倒向比例器

在实际应用中经常把非倒向端与公共端连接起来(接地),而只在倒向端加输入电压

设输入电压用一个电压为ui的电压源表示,对节点圈1、圈2列出结点电压方程,有

(1/R1+1/Ri+1/R2)un1-(1/R2)un2=ui/R1

(解释:上式的一般形式是G11un1+G12un2=iS11

G11=1/R1+1/Ri+1/R2,G11为结点圈1的自导,自导总是正的,它等于联结于各结点支路电导之和;G12=-1/R2,G12是圈1、圈2这对结点间的互导。互导总是负的,它们等于连接于两结点间支路电导的负值。is11=ui/R1,is11表示结点圈1的注入电流。注入电流等于流向结点的电流源的代数和,流入结点者前面面取“+”号,流出结点者前面取“-”号。注入电流源还应包括电压源和电阻串联组合经等效变换形成的电流源。IS=GUS,这里US=ui,G=1/R1,故IS=ui/R1,iS11=IS=ui/R1。)

-(1/R2)un1+(1/Ro+1/R2)un2=-Au-/Ro

由于un1=u-,un2=uo,改写上列方程,得

***

***

联立求解上列方程,求得

所以uo/ui=***

从上式可见,由于A很大,Ro很小,Ri很大,再选择适当的R1和R2,则有

uo/ui≈-R2/R1

上式的负号就是倒向比例器倒向的体现

  如果把上图中的运放当作理想运放,由于A=oo,Ri=oo,R0=0,从uo/ui=***可直接求得

uo/ui=-R2/R1

含有理想运算放大器的电路的分析

  按有关理想运放的性质,可以得到以下两条规则:

  (1)倒向端和非倒向端的输入电流均为零[可称之为“虚断(路)”];

  (2)对于公共端(地),倒向输入端的电压与非倒向输入端的电压相等[可称之为“虚短(路)”]。

分析由LM358组成的Voltage Follower

  图中运放为理想运放,根据相关性质容易得出uo=ui,同时有ii=0。

  此电路的输出电压完全“重复”输入电压,故称为电压跟随器。由于Ri为无限大,所以它又起“隔离作用”。

时间: 2024-10-05 20:09:02

Voltage Follower的相关文章

OpAmp Voltage Follower/Regulator

By using an emitter-follower or a Darlington pair, a voltage-follower op amp configuration can source higher currents than the op amp otherwise could. With high-voltage regulators, powering the IC through the drive resistor for the pass transistors c

Voltage Translation for Analog to Digital Interface ADC

Voltage Translation for Analog to Digital Interface 孕龙逻辑分析仪 ZeroPlus Logic Analyzer In today's microcontroller market, most of the Analog to Digital converters are only able to accept voltages from the Vcc of the device to ground. But what if you wan

Create a DAC from a microcontroller's ADC

Few microcontrollers include a DAC. Although you can easily find an inexpensive DAC to control from your microcontroller, you can use unused peripherals instead of adding parts. Fortunately, you can convert a microcontroller's ADC channel along with

An Isolated DAC Using PWM Output

An Isolated DAC Using PWM Output Arduino‘s (ATmega328P) PWM outputs via analogWrite can be conveniently turned into analog voltage levels through the use of simple RC filters. Since the PWM outputs are not isolated, using them to drive other devices

采用TL026等构成的宽带ALC放大器电路图

Building a Differential Amplifier An op-amp with no feedback is already a differential amplifier, amplifying the voltage difference between the two inputs. However, its gain cannot be controlled, and it is generally too high to be of any practical us

Transistor 晶体管 场效应 双极型 达林顿 CMOS PMOS BJT FET

Transistor Tutorial Summary Transistor Tutorial Summary Bipolar Junction Transistor Tutorial We can summarise this transistors tutorial section as follows: The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) is a three layer device constructed form two semiconduct

High accuracy voltage regulator

High accuracy voltage regulator Good morning everybody, I want to make a accurate voltage regulator based on the Basic Stamp.Total range 0-10 V and a resolution of eg 5 mV. So this means 2000 steps.Maximum current around 250 mA. I tried to do somethi

Voltage Level-Shifter Output Waveform

http://www.cypress.com/knowledge-base-article/interfacing-sram-jtag-signals-using-voltage-level-shifter-kba81536 As a best practice, avoid use of level-shifting ICs with open-drain output. This type of level-shifter requires a resistive pull-up to ac

zookeeper源码分析三LEADER与FOLLOWER同步数据流程

根据二)中的分析,如果一台zookeeper服务器成为集群中的leader,那么一定是当前所有服务器中保存数据最多的服务器,所以在这台服务器成为leader之后,首先要做的事情就是与集群中的其它服务器(现在是follower)同步数据,保证大家的数据一致,这个过程完毕了才开始正式处理来自客户端的连接请求. 首先来看Leader做的工作:二)中提到的同步数据时使用的逻辑时钟,它的初始值是0,每次选举过程都会递增的,在leader正式上任之后做的第一件事情,就是根据当前保存的数据id值,设置最新的逻