这个程序是一个银行账户管理的程序，是用C++来实现程序功能的，该程序包含六个文件，其中有date.h头文件
是日期类的头文件，date.cpp是日期类的实现文件，accumulator.h是按日将数值累加的accumulator类的头文件，
account.h是各个储蓄账户类定义的头文件，account.cpp是各个储蓄账户类的实现文件，还有就是主函数文件。该
程序包含了增加账户功能、存款功能、取款功能、查询账户信息功能、改变日期功能、进入下个月的处理功能，最
后是退出程序。下面是各个程序文件：
1.date.h日期类的头文件
#ifndef _DATE_H
#define _DATE_H
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Date
{
public:
Date(int year = 1,int month = 1,int day = 1);
int getYear()const
{
return year;
}
int getMonth()const
{
return month;
}
int getDay()const
{
return day;
}
int getMaxDay()const; //获得当月有多少天
bool isLeapYear() const //判断当年是否为闰年
{
return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 && year % 400 == 0;
}
void show()const; //输出当前日期
int operator-(const Date &date)const //计算两个日期之间差多少天
{
return totalDays - date.totalDays;
}
bool operator<(const Date &date)const //判断两个日期的前后顺序
{
return totalDays < date.totalDays;
}
private:
int year;
int month;
int day;
int totalDays; //该日期是从公元元年1月1日开始的第几天
};
istream& operator >> (istream &in, Date &date);
ostream& operator << (ostream &out, const Date &date);
#endif
2.date.cpp日期类实现的文件
#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include "date.h"
using namespace std;
namespace //namespace使下面的定义只在当前文件中有效
{
//存储平年中的某个月1日之前有多少天，为便于getMaxDay函数的实现，该数组多出一项
const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334,365 };
}
Date::Date(int year, int month, int day):year(year),month(month),day(day)
{
if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay())throw runtime_error("Invalid date");
int years = year - 1;
totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
if (isLeapYear() && month > 2)
totalDays++;
}
int Date::getMaxDay()const
{
if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
return 29;
else
return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
}
void Date::show()const
{
cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
}
istream& operator >> (istream &in, Date &date)
{
int year, month, day;
char c1, c2;
in >> year >> c1 >> month >> c2 >> day;
if (c1 != ‘-‘ || c2 != ‘-‘)
throw runtime_error("Bad time format");
date = Date(year, month, day);
return in;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Date &date)
{
out << date.getYear() << "-" << date.getMonth() << "-" << date.getDay();
return out;
}
3.accumulator.h按日将数值累加的头文件
#ifndef _ACCUMULATOR_H
#define _ACCUMULATOR_H
#include "date.h"
class Accumulator //将某个数值按日累加
{
public:
//date为开始累加的日期，value为初始值
Accumulator(const Date &date, double value):lastDate(date),value(value),sum(0)
{
}
double getSum(const Date &date)const
{
return sum + value*(date - lastDate);
}
//在date将数值变更为value
void change(const Date &date, double value)
{
sum = getSum(date);
lastDate = date;
this->value = value;
}
//初始化，将日期变为date,数值变为value,累加器清零
void reset(const Date &date, double value)
{
lastDate = date;
this->value = value;
sum = 0;
}
private:
Date lastDate; //上次变更数值的时期
double value; //数值的当前值
double sum; //数值按日累加之和
};
#endif
4.account.h各个储蓄账户类定义的头文件
#ifndef _ACCOUNT_H
#define _ACCOUNT_H
#include "date.h"
#include "accumulator.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <istream>
#include <stdexcept>
using namespace std;
class Account;
class AccountRecord //账目记录
{
public:
AccountRecord(const Date &date, const Account* account, double amount, double balance, const string &desc);
void show()const; //输出当前记录
private:
Date date; //日期
const Account* account; //账户
double amount; //金额
double balance; //余额
string desc; //描述
};
typedef multimap<Date, AccountRecord> RecordMap;
//账户类
class Account
{
public:
const string& getId()const
{
return id;
}
double getBalance()const
{
return balance;
}
static double getTotal()
{
return total;
}
//存入现金，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为款项说明
virtual void deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc) = 0;
//取出现金，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为款项说明
virtual void withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc) = 0;
//结算，每月结算一次，date为结算日期
virtual void settle(const Date &date) = 0;
//显示账户信息
virtual void show(ostream &out)const;
//查询指定时间内的账目记录
static void query(const Date &begin, const Date &end);
protected:
//供派生类调用的构造函数
Account(const Date &date, const string &id);
//记录一笔账，date为日期，amount为金额，desc为说明
void record(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc);
//报告错误信息
void error(const string &msg)const;
private:
string id; //账户
double balance; //余额
static double total; //所有账户的总金额
static RecordMap recordMap; //账目记录
};
inline ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Account &account)
{
account.show(out);
return out;
}
class SavingAccount :public Account //储蓄账户类
{
public:
SavingAccount(const Date &date, const string &id, double rate);
double getRate()const
{
return rate;
}
//存入现金
void deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc);
//取出现金
void withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc);
//结算利息，每年1月1日调用一次该函数
void settle(const Date &date);
private:
Accumulator acc; //辅助计算利息的累加器
double rate; //存款的年利率
};
class CreditAccount :public Account //信用账户类
{
public:
CreditAccount(const Date &date, const string &id, double credit, double rate, double fee);
double getCredit()const
{
return credit;
}
double getRate()const
{
return rate;
}
double getFee()const
{
return fee;
}
double getAvailableCredit()const //获得可用信用额度
{
if (getBalance() < 0)
return credit + getBalance();
else
return credit;
}
//存入现金
void deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc);
//取出现金
void withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc);
//结算利息和年费，每月1日调用一次该函数
void settle(const Date &date);
virtual void show(ostream &out)const;
private:
Accumulator acc; //辅助计算利息的累加器
double credit; //信用额度
double rate; //欠款的日利率
double fee; //信用卡年费
double getDebt() const //获得欠款额
{
double balance = getBalance();
return (balance < 0 ? balance : 0);
}
};
class AccountException :public runtime_error
{
public:
AccountException(const Account* account, const string &msg) :runtime_error(msg), account(account)
{
}
const Account* getAccount()const
{
return account;
}
private:
const Account* account;
};
#endif
5.account.cpp各个储蓄账户类的实现文件
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <utility>
#include "account.h"
using namespace std;
using namespace std::rel_ops;
//AccountRecord类的实现
AccountRecord::AccountRecord(const Date &date,const Account* account,double amount,double balance,const string &desc):date(date), account(account), amount(amount), balance(balance), desc(desc)
{
}
void AccountRecord::show()const
{
cout << date << "\t#" << account->getId() << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
}
//Account类的实现
double Account::total = 0;
RecordMap Account::recordMap;
Account::Account(const Date &date, const string &id):id(id),balance(0)
{
cout << date << "\t#" << id << " created" << endl;
}
void Account::record(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc)
{
amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100; //保留小数点后两位
balance += amount;
total += amount;
date.show();
cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
}
void Account::show(ostream &out)const
{
out << id << "\tBalance: " << balance;
}
void Account::error(const string &msg)const
{
throw AccountException(this, msg);
}
void Account::query(const Date &begin, const Date &end)
{
if (begin <= end)
{
RecordMap::iterator iter1 = recordMap.lower_bound(begin);
RecordMap::iterator iter2 = recordMap.upper_bound(end);
for (RecordMap::iterator iter = iter1;iter != iter2;++iter)
iter->second.show();
}
}
//CreditAccount类的实现
CreditAccount::CreditAccount(const Date &date,const string &id,double credit,double rate,double fee):Account(date, id), credit(credit), rate(rate), fee(fee), acc(date, 0)
{
}
void CreditAccount::deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc)
{
record(date, amount, desc);
acc.change(date, getDebt());
}
void CreditAccount::withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc)
{
if (amount - getBalance() > credit)
{
error("not enough credit");
}
else
{
record(date, -amount, desc);
acc.change(date, getDebt());
}
}
void CreditAccount::settle(const Date &date)
{
double interest = acc.getSum(date)*rate;
if (interest != 0)
record(date, interest, "interest");
if (date.getMonth() == 1)
record(date, -fee, "annual fee");
acc.reset(date, getDebt());
}
void CreditAccount::show(ostream &out)const
{
Account::show(out);
out << "\tAvailable credit: " << getAvailableCredit();
}
//SavingAccount类的实现
SavingAccount::SavingAccount(const Date &date, const string &id, double rate) :Account(date, id), rate(rate), acc(date, 0)
{
}
void SavingAccount::deposit(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc)
{
record(date, amount, desc);
acc.change(date, getBalance());
}
void SavingAccount::withdraw(const Date &date, double amount, const string &desc)
{
if (amount > getBalance())
{
error("not enough money");
}
else
{
record(date, -amount, desc);
acc.change(date, getBalance());
}
}
void SavingAccount::settle(const Date &date)
{
if (date.getMonth() == 1) //每年的1月计算一次利息
{
double interest = acc.getSum(date)*rate / (date - Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
if (interest != 0)
record(date, interest, "interest");
acc.reset(date, getBalance());
}
}
6.主函数文件
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include "account.h"
using namespace std;
struct deleter
{
template<class T>void operator()(T *p)
{
delete p;
}
};
//控制器类，用来存储账户列表和处理命令
class Controller
{
public:
Controller(const Date &date) :date(date), end(false)
{
}
~Controller();
const Date& getDate()const
{
return date;
}
bool isEnd()const
{
return end;
}
//执行一条命令，返回该命令是否改变了当前状态(即是否需要保存当前命令)
bool runCommand(const string &cmdLine);
private:
Date date;
vector<Account*> accounts; //账户列表
bool end; //用户是否输入了退出命令
};
Controller::~Controller()
{
for_each(accounts.begin(), accounts.end(), deleter());
}
bool Controller::runCommand(const string &cmdLine)
{
istringstream str(cmdLine);
char cmd, type;
int index, day;
double amount, credit, rate, fee;
string id, desc;
Account* account;
Date date1, date2;
str >> cmd;
switch (cmd)
{
case ‘a‘: //增加账户
str >> type >> id;
if (type == ‘s‘)
{
str >> rate;
account = new SavingAccount(date, id, rate);
}
else
{
str >> credit >> rate >> fee;
account = new CreditAccount(date, id, credit, rate, fee);
}
accounts.push_back(account);
return true;
case ‘d‘: //存入现金
str >> index >> amount;
getline(str, desc);
accounts[index]->deposit(date, amount, desc);
return true;
case ‘w‘: //取出现金
str >> index >> amount;
getline(str, desc);
accounts[index]->withdraw(date, amount, desc);
return true;
case ‘s‘: //查询各账户信息
for (size_t i = 0;i < accounts.size();++i)
{
cout << "[" << i << "]";
accounts[i]->show(cout);
cout << endl;
}
return false;
case ‘c‘: //改变日期
str >> day;
if (day < date.getDay())
cout << "You cannot specify a previous day";
else if (day > date.getMaxDay())
cout << "Invalid day";
else
date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), day);
return true;
case ‘n‘: //进入下个月
if (date.getMonth() == 12)
date = Date(date.getYear() + 1, 1, 1);
else
date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth() + 1, 1);
for (vector<Account*>::iterator iter = accounts.begin();iter != accounts.end();++iter)
(*iter)->settle(date);
return true;
case ‘q‘: //查询一段时间内的账目
str >> date1 >> date2;
Account::query(date1, date2);
return false;
case ‘e‘: //退出
end = true;
return false;
}
cout << "Invalid command: " << cmdLine << endl;
return false;
}
int main()
{
Date date(2018, 1, 1); //起始日期
Controller controller(date);
string cmdLine;
const char *FILE_NAME = "commands.txt";
ifstream fileIn(FILE_NAME); //以读模式打开文件
if (fileIn) //如果正常打开，就执行文件中的每一条命令
{
while (getline(fileIn, cmdLine))
controller.runCommand(cmdLine);
fileIn.close();
}
ofstream fileOut(FILE_NAME, ios_base::app); //以追加模式打开文件
cout << "(a)add account (d)deposit (w)withdraw (s)show (c)change day (n)next month (q)query (e)exit" << endl;
while (!controller.isEnd()) //从标准输入读入命令并执行，直到退出
{
cout << controller.getDate() << "\tTotal: " << Account::getTotal() << "\tcommand";
string cmdLine;
getline(cin, cmdLine);
if (controller.runCommand(cmdLine))
fileOut << cmdLine << endl; //将命令写入文件
}
return 0;
}
最后运行主函数将程序功能实现，可以进行增加账户功能、存款功能、取款功能、查询账户信息功能、改变日期功
能、进入下个月的处理功能将程序进行操作，最后附上一张我操作这些功能的截图。
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/XNQC1314/p/9011891.html
时间： 2024-10-12 06:10:44