实现功能
导入——客户端使用 ajaxfileupload.js 插件实现Excel的异步上传，并在服务端解析成JSON字符串返回页面
导出——将页面中的grid表拼接成JSON串上传至服务器，在服务端新建Excel并将数据导入，随后返回url给用户下载
客户端（Test.aspx）
页面上需要实现的效果是显示一个“导入”按钮，hover时会显示标准格式图片，点击触发上传事件，选择Excel文件后上传到服务器，HTML代码如下
PS：使用了Bootstrap样式，也可以自己定义。“loadingDiv”为加载控件，“downfile”存放返回的url，提供下载。附送loading.gif资源，也可以用CSS绘制，可参考我的第一篇博文几个单元素Loading动画解构~
1 <div id="loadingDiv"><div id="loadingCont"><img src="assets/loading.gif"/><span style="">请稍等...</span></div></div> 2 <a id="downfile"><span></span></a> 3 4 <div class="col-md-2 col-xs-4"> 5 <button class="btn btn-info" id="tab2-btn-import"><img src="assets/计算四参数.png"/><i class="icon-reply"></i>导入</button> 6 <input type="file" name="file" id="upload-file" accept="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, application/vnd.ms-excel"/> 7 </div> 8 9 <div class="col-md-2 col-xs-4"><button class="btn btn-primary" id="tab2-btn-export"><i class="icon-share-alt"></i>导出</button></div>
CSS代码如下
#loadingDiv{
width:100%;
height:100%;
position:absolute;
z-index:999;
display:none;
}
#loadingCont{
width:130px;
height:50px;
position:relative;
padding-left:10px;
left:calc(50% - 50px);
top:40%;
border-radius:3px;
background-color:#fff;
}
#loadingCont img{
width:50px;
height:50px;
}
#loadingCont span{
position:relative;
top:2px;
color: #696969;
font-family:"Microsoft YaHei";
}
#tab2-btn-import{
position:relative;
}
#tab2-btn-import img{
position:absolute;
top:-70px;
left:-145px;
border:1px solid #999;
display:none;
}
#upload-file{
width:80px;
height:35px;
position:absolute;
top:0;
left:calc(50% - 40px);
cursor:pointer;
opacity:0;
}
css
实现hover效果和导入、导出的JS代码：
1 //Uploadify
2 //导入
3 $("#upload-file").change(ImportExcel);
4 function ImportExcel() {
5 $("#loadingDiv").show(); //显示加载控件;
6 $.ajaxFileUpload(
7 {
8 url: ‘Test.aspx‘, //用于文件上传的服务器端请求地址
9 secureuri: false, //是否需要安全协议，一般设置为false
10 fileElementId: ‘upload-file‘, //文件上传域的ID
11 dataType: ‘JSON‘, //返回值类型 一般设置为json
12 success: function (data, status) //服务器成功响应处理函数
13 {
14 if (status == "success") {
15 try {
16 var jsondata = $.parseJSON(data);
17 if (jsondata[0]["源坐标X"] == undefined || jsondata[0]["源坐标Y"] == undefined || jsondata[0]["目标坐标X"] == undefined || jsondata[0]["目标坐标Y"] == undefined) {
18 alert("Excel格式有误，请按标准格式导入");
19 }
20 else {
21 var rows_be = grid.count();
22 for (var i = 1; i <= rows_be ; i++) {
23 grid.removeRow(i); //grid.clear()不会清空，再使用addRow时仍会显示之前数据，暂时解决办法为暴力清空
24 }
25 for (var i = 0; i < jsondata.length; i++) {
26 grid.addRow({ ‘点名‘: jsondata[i]["点名"], "源坐标X": jsondata[i]["源坐标X"], "源坐标Y": jsondata[i]["源坐标Y"], "目标坐标X": jsondata[i]["目标坐标X"], "目标坐标Y": jsondata[i]["目标坐标Y"] });
27 }
28 }
29 }
30 catch (e) {
31 console.log(e);
32 alert("Excel格式有误，请按标准格式导入");
33 }
34 finally {
35 $("#upload-file").change(ImportExcel); //ajaxFileUpload插件执行完成会新建，需要重新绑定事件
36 $("#loadingDiv").hide(); //数据准备完成，隐藏加载控件
37 }
38 }
39 },
40 error: function (data, status, e)//服务器响应失败处理函数
41 {
42 console.log(e);
43 $("#loadingDiv").hide();
44 }
45 });
46 }
47
48 //hover时显示提示
49 $("#upload-file").hover(function () { $("#tab2-btn-import img").show(); }, function () { $("#tab2-btn-import img").hide(); });
50
51 //导出
52 $("#tab2-btn-export").on("click", ExportExcel);
53 function ExportExcel() {
54 $("#loadingDiv").show();
55 $.ajax({
56 type: ‘post‘,
57 url: ‘Test.aspx/Export2Excel‘,
58 data: "{‘RowData‘:‘" + JSON.stringify(grid.getAll()) + "‘}",
59 dataType: ‘json‘,
60 contentType: ‘application/json;charset=utf-8‘,
61 success: function (data) {
62 console.log(data);
63 if (data.d == "") {
64 alert("该时段无历史数据");
65 }
66 else {
67 var jsondata = $.parseJSON(data.d);
68 if (jsondata["result"] != "fail") downloadFile(window.location.host + "\\文件路径，此处隐藏\\" + jsondata["result"]);
69 }
70 $("#loadingDiv").hide();
71 },
72 error: function (msg) {
73 console.log(msg);
74 $("#loadingDiv").hide();
75 }
76 });
77 }
78 });
79 //自动下载文件
80 function downloadFile(docurl) {
81 $("#downfile").attr("href", "http://" + docurl);
82 $("#downfile span").click();
83 }
PS：对于ajaxFileUpload插件的使用可以看看这篇文章jQuery插件之ajaxFileUpload，因为插件代码很短所以在这里贴出来，各位新建一个js文件粘进去即可。
1 jQuery.extend({
2
3
4 createUploadIframe: function(id, uri)
5 {
6 //create frame
7 var frameId = ‘jUploadFrame‘ + id;
8
9 if(window.ActiveXObject) {
10 var io = document.createElement(‘<iframe id="‘ + frameId + ‘" name="‘ + frameId + ‘" />‘);
11 if(typeof uri== ‘boolean‘){
12 io.src = ‘javascript:false‘;
13 }
14 else if(typeof uri== ‘string‘){
15 io.src = uri;
16 }
17 }
18 else {
19 var io = document.createElement(‘iframe‘);
20 io.id = frameId;
21 io.name = frameId;
22 }
23 io.style.position = ‘absolute‘;
24 io.style.top = ‘-1000px‘;
25 io.style.left = ‘-1000px‘;
26
27 document.body.appendChild(io);
28
29 return io
30 },
31 createUploadForm: function(id, fileElementId)
32 {
33 //create form
34 var formId = ‘jUploadForm‘ + id;
35 var fileId = ‘jUploadFile‘ + id;
36 var form = $(‘<form action="" method="POST" name="‘ + formId + ‘" id="‘ + formId + ‘" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>‘);
37 var oldElement = $(‘#‘ + fileElementId);
38 var newElement = $(oldElement).clone();
39 $(oldElement).attr(‘id‘, fileId);
40 $(oldElement).before(newElement);
41 $(oldElement).appendTo(form);
42 //set attributes
43 $(form).css(‘position‘, ‘absolute‘);
44 $(form).css(‘top‘, ‘-1200px‘);
45 $(form).css(‘left‘, ‘-1200px‘);
46 $(form).appendTo(‘body‘);
47 return form;
48 },
49 addOtherRequestsToForm: function(form,data)
50 {
51 // add extra parameter
52 var originalElement = $(‘<input type="hidden" name="" value="">‘);
53 for (var key in data) {
54 name = key;
55 value = data[key];
56 var cloneElement = originalElement.clone();
57 cloneElement.attr({‘name‘:name,‘value‘:value});
58 $(cloneElement).appendTo(form);
59 }
60 return form;
61 },
62
63 ajaxFileUpload: function(s) {
64 // TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout
65 s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s);
66 var id = new Date().getTime()
67 var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId);
68 if ( s.data ) form = jQuery.addOtherRequestsToForm(form,s.data);
69 var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri);
70 var frameId = ‘jUploadFrame‘ + id;
71 var formId = ‘jUploadForm‘ + id;
72 // Watch for a new set of requests
73 if ( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ )
74 {
75 jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" );
76 }
77 var requestDone = false;
78 // Create the request object
79 var xml = {}
80 if ( s.global )
81 jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]);
82 // Wait for a response to come back
83 var uploadCallback = function(isTimeout)
84 {
85 var io = document.getElementById(frameId);
86 try
87 {
88 if(io.contentWindow)
89 {
90 xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null;
91 xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document;
92
93 }else if(io.contentDocument)
94 {
95 xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null;
96 xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document;
97 }
98 }catch(e)
99 {
100 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
101 }
102 if ( xml || isTimeout == "timeout")
103 {
104 requestDone = true;
105 var status;
106 try {
107 status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error";
108 // Make sure that the request was successful or notmodified
109 if ( status != "error" )
110 {
111 // process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback)
112 var data = jQuery.uploadHttpData( xml, s.dataType );
113 // If a local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the data
114 if ( s.success )
115 s.success( data, status );
116
117 // Fire the global callback
118 if( s.global )
119 jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxSuccess", [xml, s] );
120 } else
121 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status);
122 } catch(e)
123 {
124 status = "error";
125 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e);
126 }
127
128 // The request was completed
129 if( s.global )
130 jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] );
131
132 // Handle the global AJAX counter
133 if ( s.global && ! --jQuery.active )
134 jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStop" );
135
136 // Process result
137 if ( s.complete )
138 s.complete(xml, status);
139
140 jQuery(io).unbind()
141
142 setTimeout(function()
143 { try
144 {
145 $(io).remove();
146 $(form).remove();
147
148 } catch(e)
149 {
150 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
151 }
152
153 }, 100)
154
155 xml = null
156
157 }
158 }
159 // Timeout checker
160 if ( s.timeout > 0 )
161 {
162 setTimeout(function(){
163 // Check to see if the request is still happening
164 if( !requestDone ) uploadCallback( "timeout" );
165 }, s.timeout);
166 }
167 try
168 {
169 // var io = $(‘#‘ + frameId);
170 var form = $(‘#‘ + formId);
171 $(form).attr(‘action‘, s.url);
172 $(form).attr(‘method‘, ‘POST‘);
173 $(form).attr(‘target‘, frameId);
174 if(form.encoding)
175 {
176 form.encoding = ‘multipart/form-data‘;
177 }
178 else
179 {
180 form.enctype = ‘multipart/form-data‘;
181 }
182 $(form).submit();
183
184 } catch(e)
185 {
186 jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
187 }
188 if(window.attachEvent){
189 document.getElementById(frameId).attachEvent(‘onload‘, uploadCallback);
190 }
191 else{
192 document.getElementById(frameId).addEventListener(‘load‘, uploadCallback, false);
193 }
194 return {abort: function () {}};
195
196 },
197
198 uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) {
199 var data = !type;
200 data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText;
201 // If the type is "script", eval it in global context
202 if ( type == "script" )
203 jQuery.globalEval( data );
204 // Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used.
205 if ( type == "json" )
206 {
207 // If you add mimetype in your response,
208 // you have to delete the ‘<pre></pre>‘ tag.
209 // The pre tag in Chrome has attribute, so have to use regex to remove
210 var data = r.responseText;
211 var rx = new RegExp("<pre.*?>(.*?)</pre>","i");
212 var am = rx.exec(data);
213 //this is the desired data extracted
214 var data = (am) ? am[1] : ""; //the only submatch or empty
215 eval( "data = " + data );
216 }
217 // evaluate scripts within html
218 if ( type == "html" )
219 jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts();
220 //alert($(‘param‘, data).each(function(){alert($(this).attr(‘value‘));}));
221 return data;
222 },
223
224 handleError: function( s, xhr, status, e ) {
225 // If a local callback was specified, fire it
226 if ( s.error ) {
227 s.error.call( s.context || s, xhr, status, e );
228 }
229
230 // Fire the global callback
231 if ( s.global ) {
232 (s.context ? jQuery(s.context) : jQuery.event).trigger( "ajaxError", [xhr, s, e] );
233 }
234 }
235 })
ajaxfileupload.js
服务端（Test.aspx.cs）
在服务端做Excel解析常用的有三种方法：
一是使用微软的开放式数据库接口技术OleDb，建立连接后可像数据库一样操作Excel，但是个人测试发现在网页文件上传成功后，OleDb接口无法读取文件，页面报跨域错误（本机调试通过，发布后报错），但路径却是同源的，一直不知道问题在哪儿，希望有了解的前辈指点指点。
二是使用Com组件方式读取，这种方式也尝试过，读取速度相对来说非常慢，故舍弃。
三是使用第三方的NPOI插件。因为前两种方法依赖于微软的Office环境，所以在使用时需要在服务器上安装Office，而这种方法只要下载并引用dll文件即可，优势明显。并且个人测试效率也很高，使用方便，故采用。
以下为服务端代码：
1 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
2 {
3 HttpFileCollection files = Request.Files;
4 string msg = string.Empty;
5 string error = string.Empty;
6 //string docurl;
7 if (files.Count > 0)
8 {
9 string path = Server.MapPath("~/项目目录/uploadfile/") + Path.GetFileName(files[0].FileName);
10
11 files[0].SaveAs(path);
12 //msg = "成功！文件大小为:" + files[0].ContentLength;
13
14 //解析Excel
15 string excelgrid = "";
16 using (ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper(path))
17 {
18 DataTable dt = excelHelper.ExcelToDataTable("MySheet", true);
19 excelgrid = JsonHepler.ToJson(dt);
20 }
21 //string res = "{ error:‘" + error + "‘, msg:‘" + msg + "‘,excelgrid:‘" + excelgrid + "‘}";
22 Response.Write(excelgrid);
23 Response.End();
24 }
25 }
26
27
28 [WebMethod]
29 public static string Export2Excel(string RowData)
30 {
31 try
32 {
33 DataTable dt = JsonHepler.JsonToDataTable(RowData);
34 string docname = string.Format("{0:yyyyMMddHHmmssffff}", DateTime.Now) + ".xlsx";
35 string docurl = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "项目目录\\downloadfile\\" + docname;
36 int count = 0;
37
38 using (ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper(docurl))
39 {
40 count = excelHelper.DataTableToExcel(dt,"MySheet", true);
41 }
42
43 if (count >= 0) return "{\"result\":\""+ docname + "\"}";
44 else return "{‘result‘:‘fail‘}";
45 }
46 catch(Exception)
47 {
48 throw;
49 }
50 }
NPOI为第三方插件，关于NPOI的使用可以参考NPOI读写Excel，文章中也提供了读取/写入的工具类。同时提供NPOI的下载地址，下载后根据.net版本引入dll即可，在此我使用的是4.0，所以引用了 Net40 文件夹中的数个dll。
接下来我们就可以调试发布啦~
时间： 2024-10-06 13:57:48