1.为什么会有树?因为当有大量的输入数据时,链表的线性访问时间就显得略长了。而树结构,其大部分操作的运行时间平均为O(logN)。
2.树的实现并不难,几行代码就搞定了。
struct TreeNode
{
Object element;
TreeNode *firstChild;
TreeNode *nextSibling;
}
3.遍历形式:
// 中序遍历二叉树
void inorder(tree_pointer ptr)
{
if(ptr)
{
inorder(ptr->left_child);
printf("%d",ptr->data);
inorder(ptr->right_child);
}
}
// 前序遍历二叉树
void preorder(tree_pointer ptr)
{
if(ptr)
{
printf("%d",ptr->data);
preorder(ptr->left_child);
preorder(ptr->right_child);
}
}
// 后序遍历二叉树
void postorder(tree_pointer ptr)
{
if(ptr)
{
postorder(ptr->left_child);
postorder(ptr->right_child);
printf("%d",ptr->data);
}
}
4.迭代的中序遍历
void iter_inorder(tree_pointer node)
{
int top=-1;
tree_pointer stack[MAX_STACK_SIZE];
for(;;)
{
for(;node;node=node->left_child)
add(&top,node);
node=delete(&top);
if(!node)
break;
printf("%d",node->data);
node=node->right_child;
}
}
5.二叉树的层序遍历
void level_order(tree_pointer ptr)
{
int front=rear=0;
tree_pointer queue[MAX_QUEUE_SIZE];
if(!ptr)
return;
addq(front,&rear,ptr);
for(;;)
{
ptr=deleteq(&front,rear);
if(ptr)
{
printf("%d",ptr->data);
if(ptr->left_child)
addq(front,&rear,ptr->left_child);
if(ptr->right_child)
addq(front,&rear,ptr->right_child);
}
else
break;
}
}
6.二叉树的复制
tree_pointer copy(tree_pointer original)
{
tree_pointer temp;
if(original)
{
temp=(tree_pointer) malloc(sizeof(node));
if(IS_FULL(temp))
{
fprintf(stderr,"The memory is full\n");
exit(1);
}
temp->left_child=copy(original->left_child);
tmep->right_child=copy(original->right_child);
temp->data=original->data;
return temp;
}
return NULL;
}
7.判断二叉树的等价性
int equal(tree_pointer first,tree_pointer second)
{
return ((!first&&!second)||(first && second && (first->data == second->data) &&
equal(first->left_child,second->left_child) &&
equal(first->right_child,second->right_child));
}
8.寻找结点的中序后继
threaded_pointer insucc(threaded_pointer tree)
{
threaded_pointer temp;
temp=tree->right_child;
if(!tree->right_thread)
while(!temp->left_thread)
temp=temp->left_child;
return temp;
}
9.线索二叉树的中序遍历
void tinorder(threaded_pointer tree)
{
threaded_pointer temp=tree;
for(;;)
{
temp=insucc(temp);
if(temp==tree)
break;
printf("%3c",temp->data);
}
}
10.线索二叉树的右插入操作
void insert_right(threaded_pointer parent,threaded_pointer child)
{
threaded_pointer temp;
child->right_child=parent->right_child;
child->right_thread=parent->right_thread;
child->left_child=parent;
child->left_thread=TRUE;
parent->right_child=child;
parent->right_thread=FALSE;
if(!child->right_thread)
{
temp=insucc(child);
temp->left_child=child;
}
}
时间: 2024-10-05 02:57:02