案例:
线上有一数据库,需要每周全备一次,每天差备一次[安全起见还是差备吧,不要增备,不要吝啬磁盘哦,而且差备恢复还很快]
1、每周对数据库hellodb做完全备份
crontab任务计划:
10 01 * * 1 /bin/bash /work/dump-complete-hello.sh ===>每周周一凌晨1点10分执行全备脚本/work/dump-complete-hello.sh
全备脚本/work/dump-complete-hello.sh内容如下:
#!/bin/bash # 全备文件存放位置 weekbackup=/complete/hello-`date +%F`.sql # 用mysqldump执行全备 # --database后跟要备的数据库 # --master-data记录CHANGE MASTER TO语句,2表示把这一行注释 # --flush-logs锁定表之后执行flush logs命令,切换binlog文件 # --single-transaction:单个事物,由于数据库hellodb里面的表都是innodb存储引擎,支持事物,可以保证备份时数据处于一致状态 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --database hellodb --master-data=2 --flush-logs --single-transaction > $weekbackup # 后边的语句是为了创建一个存放全备文件存放位置的语句,增量备份时需要用到 cat > weekbackup.sh << EOF #!/bin/bash EOF echo "wb=$weekbackup" >> weekbackup.sh
2、每日对数据库hellodb做差异备份:
crontab 任务计划:
20 02 * * * /bin/bash /work/dump-incre.sh ==>每天凌晨2点20分执行差备脚本/work/dump-incre.sh
差备脚本/work/dump-incre.sh内容如下:
#!/bin/bash # source 一下/work/weekbackup.sh,该脚本是由最近一次全备脚本产生的,提供全备文件存放位置 . /work/weekbackup.sh # 获取当前数据库使用的二进制文件 binlog=`/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -e ‘show master status‘ | grep ‘bin‘ | awk ‘{print $1}‘` # 从最近一次全备文件中获取全备终止time time=grep ‘completed‘ $wb | awk ‘{printf "%s %s\n",$5,$6}‘ # 通过mysqlbinlog对数据库hellodb进行差异备份 # --start-position 指明增量备份的起始position,其值为全备的终止position # /var/log/mysql/binarylog/$binlog 为当前数据库正在使用的二进制日志文件 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="$time" /var/log/mysql/binarylog/$binlog > /increment/incre-`date +%F%H%M%S`.sql
3、恢复测试:
全备恢复:
[[email protected] data]# mysql < /complete/hello-2015-01-13.sql [[email protected] data]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 7 Server version: 5.5.36-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | hellodb | | mysql | | newdb | | performance_schema | | tempdb | | test | +--------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb; Database changed MariaDB [hellodb]> show tables; +-------------------+ | Tables_in_hellodb | +-------------------+ | classes | | coc | | courses | | scores | | students | | teachers | | toc | +-------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
差备恢复:
[[email protected] data]# mysql < /increment/incre-2015-01-13.sql [[email protected] data]# mysqll -bash: mysqll: command not found [[email protected] data]# mysql Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 9 Server version: 5.5.36-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb; Database changed MariaDB [hellodb]> show tables; +-------------------+ | Tables_in_hellodb | +-------------------+ | classes | | coc | | courses | | scores | | students | | tb1 | | teachers | | toc | +-------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from tb1; +------+ | name | +------+ | wjs | +------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
从上面的结果可知全备和差异备份都可恢复,那就可以投入正常使用了,可以交差了 ,哈哈
时间: 2024-11-08 20:06:45