Best time to buy and sell stock 3 --- LeetCode

题目:

Say you have an array for which the ith element
is the price of a given stock on day i.

Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete at most two transactions.

Note:

You may not engage in multiple transactions at the same time (ie, you must sell the stock before you buy again).

思路:这次限定了次数 那么可以以某一天为分界点 在这一天之前最大的盈利和这一天之后的最大盈利 这两个盈利之和变为两次交易的最大盈利

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

/*
 思路:可以将两次分为历史和将来 从某一天开始 历史的最好盈利和将来的最好盈利
 这两者的和 即为买卖两次的最佳盈利 

*/
int SellStockThird(vector<int>& vec)
{
	vector<int> share(vec.size(),0);
	vector<int> his(vec.size(),0);
	vector<int>	fur(vec.size(),0);
	int i,j=0;
	for(i=1;i<vec.size();i++)
		share[i] = vec[i]-vec[i-1];

	int cur=share[0];
	int sum = share[0];
	for(i=1;i<vec.size();i++)
	{
		if(cur < 0)
		 cur = share[i];
		else
		{
			cur+=share[i];
			his[i] = cur;
		}

	 	if(sum < cur)
	 	{
	 		sum = cur;
	 		his[i] = sum;
	 	}
	 	else
	 		his[i] = his[i-1];
	}

	cur = share[share.size()-1];
	sum = cur;
	for(i=vec.size()-2;i>=0;i--)
	{
		if(cur < 0)
		 cur = share[i];
		else
		{
			cur+=share[i];
			fur[i] = cur;
		}

	 	if(sum < cur)
	 	{
	 		sum = cur;
	 		fur[i] = sum;
	 	}
	 	else
	 		fur[i] = fur[i+1];
	}

	sum =0;

	for(i=0;i<his.size()-1;i++)
		if(sum < his[i]+fur[i+1])
			sum = his[i]+fur[i+1];

	return sum;
}

int main()
{
	int array[]={12,8,10,6,15,18,10};
	vector<int> vec(array,array+sizeof(array)/sizeof(int));
	cout<<SellStockThird(vec);
	return 0;
}

现在我们最多可以进行两次交易。我们仍然使用动态规划来完成,事实上可以解决非常通用的情况,也就是最多进行k次交易的情况。

这里我们先解释最多可以进行k次交易的算法,然后最多进行两次我们只需要把k取成2即可。我们还是使用“局部最优和全局最优解法”。我们维护两种量,一个是当前到达第i天可以最多进行j次交易,最好的利润是多少(global[i][j]),另一个是当前到达第i天,最多可进行j次交易,并且最后一次交易在当天卖出的最好的利润是多少(local[i][j])。下面我们来看递推式,全局的比较简单,

global[i][j]=max(local[i][j],global[i-1][j]),

也就是去当前局部最好的,和过往全局最好的中大的那个(因为最后一次交易如果包含当前天一定在局部最好的里面,否则一定在过往全局最优的里面)。对于局部变量的维护,递推式是

local[i][j]=max(global[i-1][j-1]+max(diff,0),local[i-1][j]+diff),

也就是看两个量,第一个是全局到i-1天进行j-1次交易,然后加上今天的交易,如果今天是赚钱的话(也就是前面只要j-1次交易,最后一次交易取当前天),第二个量则是取local第i-1天j次交易,然后加上今天的差值(这里因为local[i-1][j]比如包含第i-1天卖出的交易,所以现在变成第i天卖出,并不会增加交易次数,而且这里无论diff是不是大于0都一定要加上,因为否则就不满足local[i][j]必须在最后一天卖出的条件了)。

上面的算法中对于天数需要一次扫描,而每次要对交易次数进行递推式求解,所以时间复杂度是O(n*k),如果是最多进行两次交易,那么复杂度还是O(n)。空间上只需要维护当天数据皆可以,所以是O(k),当k=2,则是O(1)。代码如下:

    public int maxProfit(int[] prices) {
        if(prices==null || prices.length==0)
            return 0;
        int[] local = new int[3];
        int[] global = new int[3];
        for(int i=0;i<prices.length-1;i++)
        {
            int diff = prices[i+1]-prices[i];
            for(int j=2;j>=1;j--)
            {
                local[j] = Math.max(global[j-1]+(diff>0?diff:0), local[j]+diff);
                global[j] = Math.max(local[j],global[j]);
            }
        }
        return global[2];
    }  
时间: 2024-10-10 10:57:03

Best time to buy and sell stock 3 --- LeetCode的相关文章

Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock III leetcode java

题目: Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i. Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete at most two transactions. Note: You may not engage in multiple transactions at the same time

Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock II leetcode java

题目: Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i. Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete as many transactions as you like (ie, buy one and sell one share of the stock multiple times)

188. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock IV leetcode解题笔记

Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i. Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete at most k transactions. Note:You may not engage in multiple transactions at the same time (ie, yo

122.Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock II(LeetCode)

Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i. Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete as many transactions as you like (ie, buy one and sell one share of the stock multiple times). Ho

Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock III &lt;leetcode&gt;

Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i. Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete at most two transactions. Note:You may not engage in multiple transactions at the same time (ie,

Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock III Leetcode Python

Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i. Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete at most two transactions. Note: You may not engage in multiple transactions at the same time (ie,

188. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock IV Leetcode Python

Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i. Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete at most k transactions. Note: You may not engage in multiple transactions at the same time (ie, y

Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock II ——LeetCode

Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i. Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete as many transactions as you like (ie, buy one and sell one share of the stock multiple times). Ho

【leetcode】121. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock

@requires_authorization @author johnsondu @create_time 2015.7.19 21:01 @url [best time to buy and sell stock](https://leetcode.com/problems/best-time-to-buy-and-sell-stock/) /************************ * @description: dynamic programming. * 相邻元素做差,然后转化