iOS手势处理

iOS手势处理

iOS手势有着如下几种:

上面的手势对应的操作是：

  • Tap         
    （点一下）

  • Pinch       
    （二指往內或往外拨动，平时经常用到的缩放）  矩阵变换

  • Rotation   
    （旋转）                                                 
    矩阵变换

  • Swipe      
    （滑动，快速移动）

  • Pan         
    （拖移，慢速移动）                                    
    矩阵变换

  • LongPress
    （长按）

注意:以下示例均把手势封装进一个View当中

UITapGestureRecognizer -
点击手势

GestureView.h + GestureView.m

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>


@interface GestureView : UIView


@end

GestureView.h

#import "GestureView.h"


@interface GestureView ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture;

@property (nonatomic, strong) CALayer                *colorLayer;

@end


@implementation GestureView


- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {

    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];

    if (self) {

        // 初始化手势,给手势指定响应事件的对象

        _tapGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                              action:@selector(gestureEvent:)];

        _colorLayer = [CALayer layer];

        _colorLayer.frame = self.bounds;


[self.layer addSublayer:_colorLayer];


// 将手势与区域绑定

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_tapGesture];

    }

    return self;

}


- (void)gestureEvent:(UIGestureRecognizer *)sender {

    _colorLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random() % 255 / 255.f

                                                  green:arc4random() % 255 / 255.f

                                                   blue:arc4random() % 255 / 255.f

                                                  alpha:1.0f].CGColor;

}


@end

GestureView.m

- (void)addGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer
*)gestureRecognizer

Attaching a gesture recognizer to a view defines the scope of the
represented gesture, causing it to receive touches hit-tested to that view
and all of its subviews. The view establishes a strong reference to the
gesture recognizer.

将手势识别器附着在一个view上,实际上定义了一个手势接收的区域,会将接收到的触摸事件传递给这个view以及这个view的说有的subviews.这个view会对这个手势识别器强引用.

可以总结两点:

1.
手势会传递给这个view中所有的subviews

2. view会强引用手势识别器

使用如下:

点击手势有两个参数可以设置:

numberOfTapsRequired        
点击几次触发事件(默认是1)

numberOfTouchesRequired    需要几个手指点击(默认是1)

UIPinchGestureRecognizer
-
缩放

GestureView.h + GestureView.m

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>


@interface GestureView : UIView


@end

GestureView.h

#import "GestureView.h"


@interface GestureView ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinchGesture;

@end


@implementation GestureView


- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame

{

    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];

    if (self)

    {

        // 初始化手势,给手势指定响应事件的对象

        _pinchGesture =             [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                      action:@selector(gestureEvent:)];


// 将手势与区域绑定

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_pinchGesture];

    }

    return self;

}


- (void)gestureEvent:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)sender

{

    //

    self.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(self.transform, sender.scale, sender.scale);

    sender.scale = 1;

}


@end

GestureView.m

缩放手势会用到矩阵变换.

UIRotationGestureRecognizer
- 旋转

GestureView.h + GestureView.m

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>


@interface GestureView : UIView


@end

GestureView.h

#import "GestureView.h"


@interface GestureView ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotationGesture;

@end


@implementation GestureView


- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame

{

    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];

    if (self)

    {

        // 初始化手势,给手势指定响应事件的对象

        _rotationGesture =             [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                         action:@selector(gestureEvent:)];


// 将手势与区域绑定

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_rotationGesture];

    }

    return self;

}


- (void)gestureEvent:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)sender

{

    // 此处用到了矩阵变换

    self.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(self.transform, sender.rotation);

    sender.rotation = 0;

}

GestureView.m

UISwipeGestureRecognizer
- 滑动

GestureView.h + GestureView.m

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>


@interface GestureView : UIView


@end

GestureView.h

#import "GestureView.h"


@interface GestureView ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGesture;

@end


@implementation GestureView


- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame

{

    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];

    if (self)

    {

        // 初始化手势,给手势指定响应事件的对象

        _swipeGesture =             [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                      action:@selector(gestureEvent:)];

        _swipeGesture.direction =             UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft | UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight;


// 将手势与区域绑定

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_swipeGesture];

    }

    return self;

}


- (void)gestureEvent:(UISwipeGestureRecognizer *)sender

{

    NSLog(@"left or right");

}


@end

GestureView.m

UIPanGestureRecognizer -
平移

GestureView.h + GestureView.m

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>


@interface GestureView : UIView


@end

GestureView.h

#import "GestureView.h"


@interface GestureView ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) UIPanGestureRecognizer *panGesture;

@end


@implementation GestureView


- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame

{

    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];

    if (self)

    {

        // 初始化手势,给手势指定响应事件的对象

        _panGesture =             [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                    action:@selector(gestureEvent:)];


// 将手势与区域绑定

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_panGesture];

    }

    return self;

}


- (void)gestureEvent:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)sender

{

    // 此处用到了矩阵变换

    CGPoint translation = [sender translationInView:self];


self.center = CGPointMake(self.center.x + translation.x,

                              self.center.y + translation.y);


[sender setTranslation:CGPointZero

                    inView:self];

}


@end

GestureView.m

UILongPressGestureRecognizer
- 长按手势

GestureView.h + GestureView.m

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>


@interface GestureView : UIView


@end

GestureView.h

#import "GestureView.h"


@interface GestureView ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPressGesture;

@end


@implementation GestureView


- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame

{

    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];

    if (self)

    {

        // 初始化手势,给手势指定响应事件的对象

        _longPressGesture =             [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                          action:@selector(gestureEvent:)];

        _longPressGesture.minimumPressDuration = 2.0f;


// 将手势与区域绑定

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_longPressGesture];

    }

    return self;

}


- (void)gestureEvent:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)sender

{

    NSLog(@"触发事件");

}


@end

GestureView.m

问题:如何处理一个view中添加了两个手势,1个是单击的手势,一个是双击的手势呢?

可以使用这个方法requireGestureRecognizerToFail:

#import "GestureView.h"


@interface GestureView ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture1;

@property (nonatomic, strong) UITapGestureRecognizer *tapGesture2;

@end


@implementation GestureView


- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {

    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];

    if (self) {

        // 单击手势

        _tapGesture1 =             [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                    action:@selector(gesture1Event:)];

        _tapGesture1.numberOfTapsRequired = 1;


// 双击手势

        _tapGesture2 =             [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                    action:@selector(gesture2Event:)];

        _tapGesture2.numberOfTapsRequired = 2;


// 注意: 判断双击手势需要时间,也就是说会有延时


// 有事件触发时,先判断是不是 双击手势,如果不是就执行 单击手势

        [_tapGesture1 requireGestureRecognizerToFail:_tapGesture2];


// 将手势与区域绑定

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_tapGesture1];

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_tapGesture2];

    }

    return self;

}


- (void)gesture1Event:(UIGestureRecognizer *)sender {

    NSLog(@"1");

}


- (void)gesture2Event:(UIGestureRecognizer *)sender {

    NSLog(@"2");

}


@end

GestureView.m

实际上,这种方式会有延时感-_-!!!!

问题:如何将长按手势和拖拽手势合并在一起呢?

我们需要用代理实现,实现以下的方法:

-
(BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer 
shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer
*)otherGestureRecognizer

Asks the delegate if two gesture
recognizers should be allowed to recognize gestures
simultaneously.

询问这个代理,是否允许两个手势同时触发.

#import "GestureView.h"


@interface GestureView ()<UIGestureRecognizerDelegate>


{

    BOOL  shouldAllowPan;

}


@property (nonatomic, strong) UIPanGestureRecognizer       *panGesture;

@property (nonatomic, strong) UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPressGesture;

@end


@implementation GestureView


- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {

    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];

    if (self) {

        // 初始化时不允许拖拽

        shouldAllowPan = NO;


_panGesture =         [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                action:@selector(panEvent:)];

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_panGesture];

        _panGesture.delegate = self;


_longPressGesture =         [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self

                                                      action:@selector(longPressEvent:)];

        _longPressGesture.minimumPressDuration = 1.0f;

        [self addGestureRecognizer:_longPressGesture];

        _longPressGesture.delegate = self;

    }

    return self;

}


- (void)panEvent:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)sender {


if(shouldAllowPan == YES)

    {

        // 移动的操作

        CGPoint translation = [sender translationInView:self];

        self.center = CGPointMake(self.center.x + translation.x,

                                  self.center.y + translation.y);


[sender setTranslation:CGPointZero

                        inView:self];

    }

    else if(sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded ||             sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed ||             sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateCancelled)

    {

        shouldAllowPan = NO;

    }

}


- (void)longPressEvent:(UIGestureRecognizer *)sender

{

    // 长按开始

    if(UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan == sender.state)

    {

        NSLog(@"长按开始");

        self.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];

        shouldAllowPan = NO;

    }


// 长按进行中

    if(UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged == sender.state)

    {

        NSLog(@"长按进行中");

        shouldAllowPan = YES;

    }


// 长按结束

    if(UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded == sender.state)

    {

        NSLog(@"长按结束");

        self.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];

        shouldAllowPan = NO;

    }

}


// 是否允许多个手势同时触发

- (BOOL) gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer

shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer

{

    // 允许

    return YES;

}


// 是否允许继续跟踪触摸事件

- (BOOL)gestureRecognizerShouldBegin:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer

{

    // 条件满足的手势会被传递进来(如果是移动手势,)

    if([gestureRecognizer isKindOfClass:[UIPanGestureRecognizer class]] && shouldAllowPan == NO)

    {

        return NO;

    }


return YES;

}


@end

GestureView.m

根据手势状态来识别手势触发事件的全称细节是十分重要的.

iOS手势处理

时间： 2024-10-10 09:18:40

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