VC++ TCP网络控制台程序

在Windows7系统下，采用工具为VS2008，Win32控制台应用程序，编写一个基于TCP的Client/Server网络程序。

1、服务器端代码

#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>  //VS2012创建的MFC Win32控制台应用程序中，此处默认包含的是#include "stdafx.h"，其中stdio.h头文件已经被包含进stdafx.h中了，不再需要重复包含

#define SERVERPORT 6000 //服务端口号
#pragma comment(lib,"WS2_32.lib")

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    //加载套接字库
    WORD wVersionRequested;//用于保存WinSock库的版本号
    WSADATA wsaData;
    int err;  

    printf("This is a Server side application!\n");  

    wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2,2);  

    err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
    if (err != 0)
    {
        printf("WSAStartup() called failed!\n");
        return -1;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("WSAStartup() called successful!\n");
    }  

    if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 ||
          HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2)
    {
        //若不是所请求的版本号2.2，则终止WinSock库的使用
        WSACleanup();
        return -1;
    }  

    //创建用于监听的套接字
    SOCKET sockServer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(sockServer == INVALID_SOCKET)
    {
        printf("socket() called failed! ,error code is: %d", WSAGetLastError());
        return -1;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("socket() called successful!\n");
    }  

    //填充服务器端套接字结构
    SOCKADDR_IN addrServer;
    addrServer.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//将主机字节顺序转换成TCP/IP网络字节顺序
    addrServer.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addrServer.sin_port = htons(SERVERPORT);  

    //将套接字绑定到一个本地地址和端口上
    err = bind(sockServer, (SOCKADDR*)&addrServer, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
    if (err == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("bind() called failed! The error code is: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        return -1;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("bind() called successful\n");
    }
    //将套接字设置为监听模式，准备接收客户请求
    err = listen(sockServer, 5);
    if (err == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("listen() called failed! The error code is: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        return -1;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("listen() called successful!\n");
    }  

    SOCKADDR_IN addrClient; //保存发送请求连接的客户端的套接字信息
    int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);  

    while(1)
    {
        //等待客户请求到来
        SOCKET sockConn = accept(sockServer, (SOCKADDR*)&addrClient, &len);
        if (sockConn == INVALID_SOCKET)
        {
            printf("accept() called falied! The error code is: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        }
        else
        {
            printf("The Server receive a new client connection!\n");
        }  

        char sendBuf[100];
        sprintf_s(sendBuf, 100, "Welcome %s",inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr));  

        //发送数据
        send(sockConn, sendBuf, strlen(sendBuf)+1 , 0);
        char recvBuf[100];
        //接收数据
        recv(sockConn, recvBuf, 100, 0);
        //打印接收到的数据
        printf("receive data from client side [%s,%d] is: %s\n", inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr), addrClient.sin_port,
                              recvBuf);
        closesocket(sockConn);  //关闭连接套接字
    }  

    return 0;
}  

2、客户端代码

#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>  

#define SERVERPORT 6000 //服务端口号  

#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32.lib")

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    //加载套接字库
    WORD wVersionRequested;
    WSAData wsaData;
    int err;  

    printf("This is a Client side application!\n");  

    wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 2 );  

    err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
    if (err != 0 )
    {
        /* Tell the user that we could not find a usable */
        /* WinSock DLL.                                  */
        printf("WSAStartup() called failed!\n");
        return -1;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("WSAStartup() called successful!\n");
    }  

    if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ||
        HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ) {
            /* Tell the user that we could not find a usable */
            /* WinSock DLL.                                  */
            WSACleanup( );
            return -1;
    }  

    /* The WinSock DLL is acceptable. Proceed. */  

    //创建套接字
    SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(sockClient == INVALID_SOCKET)
    {
        printf("socket() called failed! ,error code is: %d", WSAGetLastError());
        return -1;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("socket() called successful!\n");
    }  

    //需要连接的服务端套接字结构信息
    SOCKADDR_IN addrServer;
    addrServer.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//设定服务器的IP地址
    addrServer.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addrServer.sin_port = htons(SERVERPORT);//设定服务器的端口号(使用网络字节序)  

    //向服务器发出连接请求
    err = connect(sockClient, (SOCKADDR*)&addrServer, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
    if (err == SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("connect() called failed! The error code is: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());
        return -1;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("connect() called successful\n");
    }  

    //接收数据
    char recvBuf[100]={0};
    recv(sockClient, recvBuf, 100, 0);
    printf("receive data from server side is: %s\n", recvBuf);  

    //发送数据
    send(sockClient, "This is a client side!\n", strlen("This is a client side!\n")+1, 0);  

    //关闭套接字
    closesocket(sockClient);  

    //终止套接字库的使用
    WSACleanup();  

    return 0;
}  

另外，需要注意的是需要在服务器和客户端都需要链接WinSock静态链接库Ws2_32.lib，有两种添加方法

方法一：在工程配置属性中添加

假如创建一个名为TCPClient的Win32控制台应用程序

在VC2008中添加静态链接库WS2_32.lib的方法如下：

(1)切换到TCPServer的【Solution Explorer】，选择菜单【Project】->【TCPClient Properties】

(2)在TCPClient Properties Pages对话框中，依次选择【Configuration Properties】->【Linker】->【Input】，在右侧的【Addtional Dependencies】中添加Ws2_32.lib库。

如下如所示：

服务器TCPServer也需要链接Ws2_32.lib库,方法和客户端TCPClient一样。

程序结果运行如下：

先启动服务器端程序TCPServer，结果如下：

再启动客户端TCPClient，客户端结果如下：

服务器端TCPServer结果如下：

方法二：在代码中添加

#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32.lib");

参考资料：

1、《VC++深入详解》 第14章网络编程 ，孙鑫主编

2、MSDN帮助文档

 原文链接：VC++ TCP网络控制台程序