一、静态属性,类方法,静态方法
1.1、静态属性
未使用静态属性之前:
class Room: def __init__(self,name,owner,width,length,heigh): self.name=name self.owner=owner self.width=width self.length=length self.heigh=heigh def cal_area(self): print(‘%s 住的 %s 总面积是%s‘ % (self.owner,self.name, self.width * self.length)) # return self.width * self.length r1 = Room("room01","小二",10,10,10) r1.cal_area() #小二 住的 room01 总面积是100
@property ==>使用静态属性:
class Room: def __init__(self,name,owner,width,length,heigh): self.name=name self.owner=owner self.width=width self.length=length self.heigh=heigh @property #使用静态属性 def cal_area(self): # print(‘%s 住的 %s 总面积是%s‘ % (self.owner,self.name, self.width * self.length)) #TypeError: ‘NoneType‘ object is not callable return self.width * self.length r1 = Room("room01","小二",10,10,10) print(r1.cal_area) #100 ==>调用方式发生了改变 print(r1.width) #10
1.2、类方法
当我们不想进行实例化,而需要直接获取类的属性时,可以使用类方法@classmethod
class Room: tag=1 def __init__(self,name,owner,width,length,heigh): self.name=name self.owner=owner self.width=width self.length=length self.heigh=heigh @property def cal_area(self): # print(‘%s 住的 %s 总面积是%s‘ % (self.owner,self.name, self.width * self.length)) return self.width * self.length def test(self): print(‘from test‘,self.name) @classmethod #类方法 def tell_info(cls,x): print(cls) print(‘--》‘,cls.tag,x) #print(‘--》‘,Room.tag) # def tell_info(self): # print(‘---->‘,self.tag) print(Room.tag) #1 Room.tell_info(10) #--》 1 10 #不需要进行实例化而直接获取类的属性
1.3、静态方法
类的工具包@staticmethod
class Room: tag=1 def __init__(self,name,owner,width,length,heigh): self.name=name self.owner=owner self.width=width self.length=length self.heigh=heigh @property def cal_area(self): # print(‘%s 住的 %s 总面积是%s‘ % (self.owner,self.name, self.width * self.length)) return self.width * self.length @classmethod def tell_info(cls,x): print(cls) print(‘--》‘,cls.tag,x)#print(‘--》‘,Room.tag) # def tell_info(self): # print(‘---->‘,self.tag) @staticmethod #类的工具包,不与类绑定,也不与实例绑定 def wash_body(a,b,c): #可以不传参 print(‘%s %s %s正在洗澡‘ %(a,b,c)) def test(x,y): print(x,y) print(Room.__dict__) #==>‘wash_body‘: <staticmethod object at 0x000002BFB0BB4630> r1=Room(‘room12‘,‘alex‘,100,100,100000) print(r1.__dict__) #{‘width‘: 100, ‘heigh‘: 100000, ‘length‘: 100, ‘name‘: ‘room12‘, ‘owner‘: ‘alex‘}
二、组合
定义一个人的类,人有头,躯干,手,脚等数据属性,这几个属性有可以是通过一个类实例化的对象,这就是组合
组合的用途:①做关联②小的组成大的
class Hand: pass class Foot: pass class Trunk: pass class Head: pass class Person: def __init__(self,id_num,name): self.id_num=id_num self.name=name self.hand=Hand() self.foot=Foot() self.trunk=Trunk() self.head=Head() p1=Person(‘111111‘,‘AAA‘) print(p1.__dict__) #{‘name‘: ‘AAA‘, ‘foot‘: <__main__.Foot object at 0x00000273D44547B8>, ‘id_num‘: ‘111111‘, ‘trunk‘: <__main__.Trunk object at 0x00000273D44547F0>, ‘hand‘: <__main__.Hand object at 0x00000273D4454780>, ‘head‘: <__main__.Head object at 0x00000273D4454828>}
不建议使用的方式:
class School: def __init__(self,name,addr): self.name=name self.addr=addr self.course_list=[] #定义列表 def zhao_sheng(self): print(‘%s 正在招生‘ %self.name) class Course: def __init__(self,name,price,period): self.name=name self.price=price self.period=period s1=School(‘oldboy‘,‘北京‘) s2=School(‘oldboy‘,‘南京‘) s3=School(‘oldboy‘,‘东京‘) c1=Course(‘linux‘,10,‘1h‘) c2=Course(‘python‘,10,‘1h‘) s1.course_list.append(c1) s1.course_list.append(c2) print(s1.__dict__) for course_obj in s1.course_list: print(course_obj.name,course_obj.price)
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hujinzhong/p/11487391.html
时间: 2024-10-21 16:56:57