mysql存储过程也提供了对异常处理的功能:通过定义HANDLER来完成异常声明的实现
语法如下:
DECLARE handler_type HANDLER FOR condition_value[,...] sp_statement handler_type: CONTINUE | EXIT condition_value: SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value | condition_name | SQLWARNING | NOT FOUND | SQLEXCEPTION | mysql_error_code
Handlers类型:
1, EXIT: 发生错误时退出当前代码块(可能是子代码块或者main代码块)
2, CONTINUE: 发送错误时继续执行后续代码
condition_value:
condition_value支持标准的SQLSTATE定义;
SQLWARNING是对所有以01开头的SQLSTATE代码的速记
NOT FOUND是对所有以02开头的SQLSTATE代码的速记
SQLEXCEPTION是对所有没有被SQLWARNING或NOT FOUND捕获的SQLSTATE代码的速记
除了SQLSTATE值,MySQL错误代码也被支持
但是对于mysql而言,优先级如下:
MySQL Error code > SQLSTATE code > 命名条件
使用SQLSTATE还是MySQL Error Code?
1,SALSTATE是标准,貌似会更portable,但是实际上MySQL、DB2、Oracle等等的存储程序语法大相径庭,所以portable的优势不存在
2,MySQL error code与SQLSTATE并不是一一对应的,比如很多MySQL error code都映射到同一SQLSTATE code(HY000)
当MySQL客户端碰到错误时,它会报告MySQL error code和相关的SQLSATE code:
mysql > CALL nosuch_sp();
ERROR 1305 (42000): PROCEDURE sqltune.nosuch_sp does not exist
具体的sqlsdate和mysql error code的对应可以在http://dev.mysql.com/doc/的MySQL reference manual的附录B找到完整的最新的error codes
condition_name:命名条件
MySQL error code或者SQLSTATE code的可读性太差,所以引入了命名条件:
语法:
Java代码
- DECLARE condition_name CONDITION FOR condition_value
- condition_value:
- SQLSTATE [VALUE] sqlstate_value
- | mysql_error_code
使用:
Java代码
- # original
- DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR 1216 MySQL_statements;
- # changed
- DECLARE foreign_key_error CONDITION FOR 1216;
- DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR foreign_key_error MySQL_statements;
用condition_name为错误代码起了个别名。
示例1:Duplicate entry Handler
Sql代码
- CREATE PROCEDURE sp_add_location
- (in_location VARCHAR(30),
- in_address1 VARCHAR(30),
- in_address2 VARCHAR(30),
- zipcode VARCHAR(10),
- OUT out_status VARCHAR(30))
- BEGIN
- DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER
- FOR 1062
- SET out_status=‘Duplicate Entry‘;
- SET out_status=‘OK‘;
- INSERT INTO locations
- (location,address1,address2,zipcode)
- VALUES
- (in_location,in_address1,in_address2,zipcode);
- END;
示例2: Last Row Handler
Sql代码
- CREATE PROCEDURE sp_not_found()
- READS SQL DATA
- BEGIN
- DECLARE l_last_row INT DEFAULT 0;
- DECLARE l_dept_id INT:
- DECLARE c_dept CURSOR FOR
- SELECT department_id FROM departments;
- DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET l_last_row=1;
- OPEN c_dept;
- dept_cursor: LOOP
- FETCH c_dept INTO l_dept_id;
- IF (l_last_row=1) THEN
- LEAVE dept_cursor;
- END IF;
- END LOOP dept_cursor;
- CLOSE c_dept;
- END;
综合示例:
Sql代码
- CREATE PROCEDURE sp_add_department
- (p_department_name VARCHAR(30),
- p_manager_surname VARCHAR(30),
- p_manager_firstname VARCHAR(30),
- p_location VARCHAR(30),
- OUT p_sqlcode INT,
- OUT p_status_message VARCHAR(100))
- BEGIN
- /* START Declare Conditions */
- DECLARE duplicate_key CONDITION FOR 1062;
- DECLARE foreign_key_violated CONDITION FOR 1216;
- /* END Declare COnditions */
- /* START Declare variables and cursors */
- DECLARE l_manager_id INT;
- DECLARE csr_mgr_id CURSOR FOR
- SELECT employee_id FROM employees
- WHERE surname=UPPER(p_manager_surname)
- AND firstname=UPPER(p_manager_firstname);
- /* END Declare variables and cursors */
- /* START Declare Exception Handlers */
- DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR duplicate_key
- BEGIN
- SET p_sqlcode=1052;
- SET p_status_message=‘Duplicate key error‘;
- END;
- DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR foreign_key_violated
- BEGIN
- SET p_sqlcode=1216;
- SET p_status_message=‘Foreign key violated‘;
- END;
- DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND
- BEGIN
- SET p_sqlcode=1329;
- SET p_status_message=‘No record found‘;
- END;
- /* END Declare Exception Handlers */
- /* START Execution */
- SET p_sqlcode=0;
- OPEN csr_mgr_id;
- FETCH csr_mgr_id INTO l_manager_id;
- IF p_sqlcode<>0 THEN /* Failed to get manager id */
- SET p_status_message=CONCAT(p_status_message,‘ when fetching manager id‘);
- ELSE /* Got manager id, we can try and insert */
- INSERT INTO departments (department_name, manager_id, location)
- VALUES(UPPER(p_department_name), l_manager_id, UPPER(p_location));
- IF p_sqlcode<>0 THEN /* Failed to insert new department */
- SET p_status_message=CONCAT(p_status_message, ‘ when inserting new department‘);
- END IF;
- END IF;
- CLOSE csr_mgr_id;
- /* END Execution */
- END
- 原文:http://wwty.iteye.com/blog/698239