一、 LVS简介
LVS是Linux Virtual Server的简称，即Linux虚拟服务器。使用LVS技术要达到的目标是：通过LVS提供的负载均衡技术和Linux操作系统实现一个高性能、高可用的服务器群集，它具有良好可靠性、可扩展性和可操作性。从而以低廉的成本实现最优的服务性能。
二、网络拓扑
三、接口IP及属性配置
1，在Master配置接口IP如下：
[[email protected] network-scripts]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.230.10 netmask255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.230.255
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe9a:55c5 prefixlen 64 scopeid0x20<link>
ether 00:50:56:9a:55:c5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1201 bytes 94251 (92.0KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 5964 bytes 390181(381.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns0 carrier 0 collisions 0
ens33:0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.230.100 netmask255.255.255.255 broadcast192.168.230.100
ether 00:50:56:9a:55:c5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
2，在Slave配置接口IP如下：
[[email protected] ~]# ifconfig
ens33:flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.230.11 netmask255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.230.255
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe9a:62e8 prefixlen 64 scopeid0x20<link>
ether 00:50:56:9a:62:e8 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 3 bytes 620 (620.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 50 bytes 7844 (7.6KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns0 carrier 0 collisions 0
ens33:0:flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.230.100 netmask255.255.255.255 broadcast192.168.230.100
ether 00:50:56:9a:62:e8 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
3，在rs1上配置接口IP如下：
[[email protected]]# ifconfig
ens33:flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.230.12 netmask255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.230.255
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe9a:daa prefixlen 64 scopeid0x20<link>
ether 00:50:56:9a:0d:aa txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 162543 bytes 11199233(10.6 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 66 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 74236 bytes 9216209(8.7 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo:0:flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu65536
inet 192.168.230.100 netmask 255.255.255.255
loop txqueuelen 0 (Local Loopback)
4，在rs2上配置接口IP如下：
[[email protected]]# ifconfig
ens33:flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.230.13 netmask255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.230.255
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe9a:2be1 prefixlen 64 scopeid0x20<link>
ether 00:50:56:9a:2b:e1 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 161840 bytes 11150452(10.6 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 44 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 73427 bytes 7893814(7.5 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo:0:flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu65536
inet 192.168.230.100 netmask255.255.255.255
loop txqueuelen 0 (Local Loopback)
5，在Master和Slave上开启转发功能
[[email protected] ~]# echo "1">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
6，在rs1和rs2配置接口属性
[[email protected] ~]# echo "1">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
[[email protected] ~]# echo "2">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
[[email protected] ~]# echo "1">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
[[email protected] ~]# echo "2">/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
[[email protected] ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.conf.ens33.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.ens33.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
四、软件安装
1，在Master上安装ipvsadm和keepalived
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -ykeepalived ipvsadm
2，同样在Slave上安装ipvsadm和keepalived
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -ykeepalived ipvsadm
3，在rs1和rs2安装测试服务，这里安装httpd服务，具体服务配置请参考官方配置文档。
[[email protected] htdocs]# yum install -yhttpd
访问192.168.230.12服务：
访问192.168.230.13服务：
五、keepalived配置
1，在Master配置如下：
[[email protected] keepalived]# cat/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected] #全局配置，邮件通知配置。
[email protected]
[email protected]
test.com
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 { #配置vrrp实例
state MASTER #配置vrrp状态，Mater配置为MASTER,Slave配置为SLAVE
interface ens33 #关联端口，根据实际修改
virtual_router_id 55 #vrrpid，Master和Slave需配置一致
priority 100 #vrrp优先级，Mater配置100，Slave应该配置小于100就行
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.230.100 #与vip对应
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.230.100 80 { #配置虚拟服务属性
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr #配置算法，默认rr（轮询算法）
lb_kind DR #配置lvs模式
#persistence_timeout 50 #会话保持时间
protocol TCP #协议
real_server 192.168.230.12 80 { #真实服务器属性
weight 1 #权重
}
real_server 192.168.230.13 80 {
weight 1
}
}
2，在Slave上配置如下：
[[email protected] keepalived]# cat/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #vrrp状态slave配置为BACKUP
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 55
priority 90 #Slave优先级低于Mater的优先级
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.230.100
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.230.100 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
#persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.230.12 80 {
weight 1
}
real_server 192.168.230.13 80 {
weight 1
}
}
3，在Master和Slave上配置开机自启动服务
[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig keepalived on
4，配置完在Master和Slave上重启keepalived服务
[[email protected] keepalived]# servicekeepalived restart
六、测试
1，客户端通过vip访问
2，清除浏览器缓存再次访问
3，将Mater关闭，再次通过vip依然可以正常访问
4，丢包测试，重启Master过程丢1个ping包。
