一、介绍
Mysql主从复制，前段时间生产环境部署了一套主从复制的架构，当时现找了很多资料，现在记录下
二、拓扑图
三、环境以及软件版本
| 主机名 | IP | 操作系统 | 角色 | 软件版本 |
| MysqlDB_Master | 192.168.0.1 | CentOS release 7.1 | Master | Mysql 5.6.36 |
| MysqlDB_Slave | 192.168.0.2 | CentOS release 7.1 | Slave | Mysql 5.6.36 |
四、源码安装
之前都是yum直接安装的，这次尝试使用源码安装，安装包如下：
- mysql-5.6.36.tar.gz
- cmake-3.8.1.tar.gz
首先安装前提环境：
[[email protected]_Master soft] yum groupinstall ‘Development tools‘ -y [[email protected]_Master soft] tar -xf cmake-3.8.1.tar.gz [[email protected]_Master soft] cd cmake-3.8.1 [[email protected]_Master cmake-3.8.1] ./bootstrap [[email protected]_Master cmake-3.8.1] gmake && gmke install
安装mysql：
[[email protected]_Master soft] tar -xf mysql-5.6.36.tar.gz [[email protected]_Master soft] cd mysql-5.6.36 [[email protected]_Master mysql-5.6.36] cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/data/opt/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/opt/mysql/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 [[email protected]_Master mysql-5.6.36] make && make install
mysql配置相关：
[[email protected]_Master mysql-5.6.36] mkdir -p /data/opt/mysql/data/{3306,binlog,tmp}
[[email protected]_Master mysql-5.6.36] chown -R mysql.mysql /data/opt/mysql
[[email protected]_Master mysql-5.6.36] cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.conf
[[email protected]_Master mysql-5.6.36] vim /etc/my.conf
===================================
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/opt/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
#The MySQL Server
[mysqld]
server-id=209
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
sync_binlog=1
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket = /data/opt/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/opt/mysql/3306/mysql.pid
basedir = /data/opt/mysql
datadir = /data/opt/mysql/data
tmpdir = /data/opt/mysql/tmp
open_files_limit = 10240
lower_case_table_names=1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#Buffer
max_allowed_packet = 256M
max_heap_table_size = 256M
net_buffer_length = 8k
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
#Log
log-bin = /data/opt/mysql/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 32M
max_binlog_cache_size = 512M
max_binlog_size = 512M
binlog_format = mixed
log_output = FILE
log-error = /data/opt/mysql/binlog/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/opt/mysql/binlog/slow_query.log
general_log = 0
general_log_file = /data/opt/mysql/binlog/general_query.log
expire-logs-days = 14
#InnoDB
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:2048M:autoextend
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt = (\[email protected]\h)[\d]>\_
default-character-set = gbk
===================================
#添加mysql环境变量
[[email protected]_Master mysql-5.6.36] echo ‘export PATH=$PATH:/data/opt/mysql/bin‘ >> /etc/profile && source /etc/profile
#初始化数据库
[[email protected]_Master mysql-5.6.36] cd /data/opt/mysql
[[email protected]_Master mysql] ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql
[[email protected]_Master mysql] ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
#添加service启动
[[email protected]_Master mysql] cp /soft/mysql-5.6.36/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[[email protected]_Master mysql] chmod +x /ect/init.d/mysqld
优化mysql默认配置，配置访问权限：
[[email protected]_Master ~] mysql -uroot -p #清空默认数据 ([email protected])[(none)] > select * from mysql.db \G ([email protected])[(none)] > truncate table mysql.db; ([email protected])[(none)] > flush privileges; ([email protected]calhost)[(none)] > select * from mysql.db \G #配置访问权限 ([email protected])[(none)] > use mysql; ([email protected])[(none)] > desc user; ([email protected])[(none)] > grant all privileges on *.* to root@"%" identified by "root"; ([email protected])[(none)] > update user set Password=password(‘XXXXXX‘) where User=‘root‘; ([email protected])[(none)] > select Host,User,Password from user where User=‘root‘; ([email protected])[(none)] > flush privileges; ([email protected])[(none)] > exit;
以上，Mysql源码安装完成，在MysqlDB_Slave服务器上进行相同配置即可。
五、配置主从
关于主从的配置，之前在配置文件里已经填写，“server-id”值主从不同，从值大于主值，主要配置如下：
[mysqld] server-id=209 #InnoDB innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 sync_binlog=1
连接到主库，配置同步账号并授权从服务器连接：
([email protected])[(none)] grant replication slave,reload,super on *.* to ‘repl‘@‘192.168.0.2‘ identified by ‘backup‘; ([email protected])[(none)] flush tables with read lock; ([email protected])[(none)] show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | mysql-bin.000007 | 321| | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
连接到从库，配置主服务器IP以及同步账号等信息：
([email protected])[(none)] > change master to master_host=‘192.168.0.1‘,master_user=‘repl‘,master_password=‘backup‘,master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000007‘,master_log_pos=321; ([email protected])[(none)] > start slave; ([email protected])[(none)] > show slave status \G
确认主从节点同步正常，主要确认以下值：
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
连接到主库，解除锁，并创建新DB：
([email protected])[(none)] unlock tables; ([email protected])[(none)] create database testDB;
连接到从库，查看新建DB是否同步过来：
([email protected])[(none)] show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | testDB | +--------------------+
以上，Mysql集群，主从同步配置完成。
时间： 2024-12-17 19:11:10