CentOS 6.5安装Apache

1、Apache的特点

功能强大、配置简单、速度快、应用广泛、性能稳定可靠，并可做代理服务器或负载均衡来使用

2、Apache的应用场合

使用Apache运行静态HTML网页、图片（处理静态小文件能力不及Nginx）。
使用Apache结合PHP引擎运行PHP、Perl、Python等程序
使用Apache结合Tomcat/Resion运行JSP，JAVA等程序
使用Apache作代理、负载均衡、rewrite规则过滤等等。

安装Apache

1、确认主机名、检查是否已经存在httpd、如果已经存在先卸载(使用rpm -e  --nodeps)

[[email protected] /]# hostname httpd
[[email protected] /]# rpm -qa httpdrpm -e --nodeps 加 rpm -qa httpd 查看到的包名rpm命令-qa参数-q 查询的意思-a 所有软件包-e 移除的意思--nodeps 不做软件间的依赖检查更过参数使用man rpm 或 rpm --help查看

2、下载httpd软件包

[[email protected] /]# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz
--2016-08-26 20:07:22--  http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz
Resolving mirror.bit.edu.cn... 202.204.80.77, 2001:da8:204:2001:250:56ff:fea1:22
Connecting to mirror.bit.edu.cn|202.204.80.77|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 7583841 (7.2M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: “httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz”

100%[==================================================>] 7,583,841   1.26M/s   in 5.0s    

2016-08-26 20:07:27 (1.46 MB/s) - “httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz” saved [7583841/7583841]

[[email protected] /]# ll httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 7583841 Aug 26 20:10 httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz

3、解压

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# tar zxvf httpd-2.2.31.tar.gz
[[email protected] /]# cd httpd-2.2.31
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# ls
ABOUT_APACHE  CHANGES        httpd.dsp       libhttpd.dep  NOTICE            server
acinclude.m4  config.layout  httpd.mak       libhttpd.dsp  NWGNUmakefile     srclib
Apache.dsw    configure      httpd.spec      libhttpd.mak  os                support
build         configure.in   include         LICENSE       README            test
BuildAll.dsp  docs           INSTALL         Makefile.in   README.platforms  VERSIONING
BuildBin.dsp  emacs-style    InstallBin.dsp  Makefile.win  README-win32.txt
buildconf     httpd.dep      LAYOUT          modules       ROADMAP
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# ls INSTALL README    #遇到不熟悉的软件是可参考这两个文件
INSTALL  README
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# less INSTALL 

  APACHE INSTALLATION OVERVIEW

  Quick Start - Unix
  ------------------

  For complete installation documentation, see [ht]docs/manual/install.html or
  http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/install.html

     $ ./configure --prefix=PREFIX
     $ make
     $ make install
     $ PREFIX/bin/apachectl start

     NOTES: * Replace PREFIX with the filesystem path under which
              Apache should be installed.  A typical installation
              might use "/usr/local/apache2" for PREFIX (without the
              quotes).

            * If you are a developer who will be linking your code with
              Apache or using a debugger to step through server code,
              ./configure‘s --with-included-apr option may be advantageous,
              as it removes the possibility of version or compile-option
              mismatches with APR and APR-util code.  (Many OSes now
              include their own version of APR and APR-util.)

            * If you are a developer building Apache directly from
              Subversion, you will need to run ./buildconf before running
              configure. This script bootstraps the build environment and
              requires Python as well as GNU autoconf and libtool. If you
              build Apache from a release tarball, you don‘t have to run
              buildconf.
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# less README

                          Apache HTTP Server

  What is it?
  -----------

  The Apache HTTP Server is a powerful and flexible HTTP/1.1 compliant
  web server.  Originally designed as a replacement for the NCSA HTTP
  Server, it has grown to be the most popular web server on the
  Internet.  As a project of the Apache Software Foundation, the
  developers aim to collaboratively develop and maintain a robust,
  commercial-grade, standards-based server with freely available
  source code.

  The Latest Version
  ------------------

  Details of the latest version can be found on the Apache HTTP
  server project page under <http://httpd.apache.org/>.

  Documentation
  -------------

4、编译、安装

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# yum -y install gcc
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd-2.2.31 --enable-deflate --enable-expires --enable-headers --enable-modules=most --enable-so --with-mpm=worker --enable-rewrite

 checking for zlib location... not found checking whether to enable mod_deflate... configure: error: mod_deflate has been requested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures 解决 [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# yum -y install zlib zlib-devel 重新 [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd-2.2.31 --enable-deflate --enable-expires --enable-headers --enable-modules=most --enable-so --with-mpm=worker --enable-rewrite [[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# echo $? 0
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# make[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# make install
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# echo $?
0


5、优化路径


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# ln -s /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/* /usr/local/bin/


6、检查


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# /usr/local/bin/apachectl -t
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName
Syntax OK


7、启动服务


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# /usr/local/bin/apachectl start
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# lsof -i :80
COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd   14904   root    4u  IPv6  80734      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   14906 daemon    4u  IPv6  80734      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   14907 daemon    4u  IPv6  80734      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd   14908 daemon    4u  IPv6  80734      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# ps -ef | grep httpd
root     14904     1  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   14905 14904  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   14906 14904  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   14907 14904  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   14908 14904  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
root     15006  1098  0 21:01 pts/0    00:00:00 grep httpd


8、测试


检查防火墙是否关闭


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter          [  OK  ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]
iptables: Unloading modules:                               [  OK  ]


打开浏览器访问http://192.168.161.131/




如果访问不了It works 页面、排查


1、iptables防火墙和selinux是否关闭（在生产环境中允许80端口访问，而不是关闭防火墙）


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT


关闭selinux


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# setenforce 0  #临时关闭[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# cat /etc/selinux/config | grep SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUX=enforcing
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# sed -i ‘s#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g‘ /etc/selinux/config
[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# cat /etc/selinux/config | grep SELINUX=
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
SELINUX=disabled


2、检查httpd端口80


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# netstat -nlt | grep 80
tcp        0      0 :::80                       :::*                        LISTEN      


3、查看是否http进程


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# ps -ef | grep http
root     14904     1  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   14905 14904  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   14906 14904  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   14907 14904  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   14908 14904  0 21:00 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
daemon   15071 14904  0 21:03 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd -k start
root     15147  1098  0 21:28 pts/0    00:00:00 grep http


4、在服务器上wget http://192.168.161.131


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# wget http://192.168.161.131
--2016-08-26 21:28:56--  http://192.168.161.131/
Connecting to 192.168.161.131:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 44 [text/html]
Saving to: “index.html”

100%[======================================>] 44          --.-K/s   in 0s      

2016-08-26 21:28:56 (7.26 MB/s) - “index.html” saved [44/44]

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# curl 192.168.161.131


命令


[[email protected] httpd-2.2.31]# /usr/local/bin/apachectl
Usage: /usr/local/httpd-2.2.31/bin/httpd [-D name] [-d directory] [-f file]
                                         [-C "directive"] [-c "directive"]
                                         [-k start|restart|graceful|graceful-stop|stop]
                                         [-v] [-V] [-h] [-l] [-L] [-t] [-T] [-S]
Options:
  -D name            : define a name for use in <IfDefine name> directives
  -d directory       : specify an alternate initial ServerRoot
  -f file            : specify an alternate ServerConfigFile
  -C "directive"     : process directive before reading config files
  -c "directive"     : process directive after reading config files
  -e level           : show startup errors of level (see LogLevel)
  -E file            : log startup errors to file
  -v                 : show version number
  -V                 : show compile settings
  -h                 : list available command line options (this page)
  -l                 : list compiled in modules
  -L                 : list available configuration directives
  -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS  : show parsed settings (currently only vhost settings)
  -S                 : a synonym for -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS
  -t -D DUMP_MODULES : show all loaded modules
  -M                 : a synonym for -t -D DUMP_MODULES
  -t                 : run syntax check for config files
  -T                 : start without DocumentRoot(s) check
				


				
时间： 2024-08-01 19:16:20 

		


		


	

	
	

		


		
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