Push的原理：
Push 的工作机制可以简单的概括为下图:
Provider是指某个iPhone软件的Push服务器，这篇文章我将使用.net作为Provider。
APNS 是Apple Push Notification Service（Apple Push服务器）的缩写，是苹果的服务器。
上图可以分为三个阶段。
第一阶段：Push服务器应用程序把要发送的消息、目的iPhone的标识打包，发给APNS。
第二阶段：APNS在自身的已注册Push服务的iPhone列表中，查找有相应标识的iPhone，并把消息发到iPhone。
第三阶段：iPhone把发来的消息传递给相应的应用程序， 并且按照设定弹出Push通知。
iOS前端push消息步骤：
1.应用程序注册消息通知,代码如下：[注意喽：ios7和ios8注册通知是不一样的哦！！！]
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
//消息推送
[self msgPush];
}
/**
消息推送
**/
- (void) msgPush
{
//推送的形式：标记，声音，提示
if (IS_IOS8) {
//1.创建消息上面要添加的动作(按钮的形式显示出来)
UIMutableUserNotificationAction *action = [[UIMutableUserNotificationAction alloc] init];
action.identifier = @"action";//按钮的标示
[email protected]"Accept";//按钮的标题
action.activationMode = UIUserNotificationActivationModeForeground;//当点击的时候启动程序
// action.authenticationRequired = YES;
// action.destructive = YES;
UIMutableUserNotificationAction *action2 = [[UIMutableUserNotificationAction alloc] init];
action2.identifier = @"action2";
[email protected]"Reject";
action2.activationMode = UIUserNotificationActivationModeBackground;//当点击的时候不启动程序，在后台处理
action.authenticationRequired = YES;//需要解锁才能处理，如果action.activationMode = UIUserNotificationActivationModeForeground;则这个属性被忽略；
action.destructive = YES;
//2.创建动作(按钮)的类别集合
UIMutableUserNotificationCategory *categorys = [[UIMutableUserNotificationCategory alloc] init];
categorys.identifier = @"alert";//这组动作的唯一标示,推送通知的时候也是根据这个来区分
[categorys setActions:@[action,action2] forContext:(UIUserNotificationActionContextMinimal)];
//3.创建UIUserNotificationSettings，并设置消息的显示类类型
UIUserNotificationSettings *notiSettings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:(UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound) categories:[NSSet setWithObjects:categorys, nil]];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:notiSettings];
}else{
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes: UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge |UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound | UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert];
}
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterUserNotificationSettings:(UIUserNotificationSettings *)notificationSettings
{
//注册远程通知
[application registerForRemoteNotifications];
}
2、 IOS跟APNS Server要deviceToken。应用程序接受deviceToken。【代码如下：】
3、应用程序将deviceToken发送给PUSH服务端程序
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken
{
MyLog(@"myToken = %@",deviceToken);
//保存token
[Config saveToken:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",deviceToken]];
//将deviceToken发送给服务器
[self initNetworkState:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",deviceToken]];
}
-(void)initNetworkState:(NSString *)pToken
{
NSDictionary *dicJson = [PackJsonForMine packTokenJson:pToken];
NSError *error;
NSData *jsonData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:dicJson options:NSJSONWritingPrettyPrinted error: &error];
NSMutableData *tempJsonData = [NSMutableData dataWithData:jsonData];
request = [ASIHTTPRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:IDS_URL_TOKEN]];
[request setRequestMethod:@"POST"];
[request setPostBody:tempJsonData];
[request setDelegate:self];
[request setDidFailSelector:@selector(requestLogFailed:)];
[request setDidFinishSelector:@selector(requestLogFinish:)];
[request startAsynchronous];
}
/**
发送token失败
**/
- (void)requestLogFailed:(ASIHTTPRequest *)requests
{
MyLog(@"发送token到服务器失败%@",[requests responseString]);
}
/**
发送token成功
**/
- (void)requestLogFinish:(ASIHTTPRequest *)requests
{
[Config saveTokenFlag];
}
4、服务端程序向APNS服务发送消息。
5、APNS服务将消息发送给iPhone应用程序。【注意喽：处理推送分为两种：正在运行的程序收到推送消息，alerat弹窗;锁屏时通知栏显示】
#pragma mark - 处理推送的消息内容
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
{
self.urlStr = [userInfo valueForKey:@"link"];
self.message = [[userInfo objectForKey:@"aps"] objectForKey:@"alert"];
[UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = [UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationIconBadgeNumber = [[[userInfo objectForKey:@"aps"] objectForKey:@"badge"] intValue];
//注意：在打开应用的时候，是需要一个弹框提醒的，不然用户看不到推送消息
if (application.applicationState == UIApplicationStateActive) {
if (self.urlStr.length > 0) {
CustomIOS7AlertView *alertView = [[CustomIOS7AlertView alloc] init];
//自定义AlertView
[alertView setContainerView:[self createView]];
[alertView setButtonTitles:[NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:@"关闭",@"查看", nil]];
[alertView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor clearColor]];
[alertView setDelegate:self];
[alertView setUseMotionEffects:true];
[alertView show];
}else{
CustomIOS7AlertView *alertView = [[CustomIOS7AlertView alloc] init];
//自定义AlertView
[alertView setContainerView:[self createView]];
[alertView setButtonTitles:[NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:@"关闭", nil]];
[alertView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor clearColor]];
[alertView setDelegate:self];
[alertView setUseMotionEffects:true];
[alertView show];
}
}else{
if (self.urlStr.length > 0) {
WebViewController *webViewC = [[WebViewController alloc] init];
webViewC.link = self.urlStr;
[Tool showHideToolBar:HIDE];
[navIntergralController pushViewController:webViewC animated:YES];
}
}
}
无论是iPhone客户端跟APNS,还是Provider和APNS都需要通过证书进行连接的。下面介绍一下所用到证书的制作。
一、CSR文件
1、生成Certificate Signing Request(CSR)
2.填写你的邮箱和常用名称，并保存到硬盘
点击继续：
这样就在本地生成了一个PushTest.certSigningRequest文件。
二、SSL certificate文件 以及相关的证书制作过程详情请见如下博客内容：
http://www.cnblogs.com/imlucky/p/3419581.html
在推送中测试的时候需要测试的.P12文件和发布的.P12文件
后台代码：
六、JAVA后台代码：
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
try
{
//从客户端获取的deviceToken，在此为了测试简单，写固定的一个测试设备标识。
String deviceToken = "df779eda 73258894 5882ec78 3ac7b254 6ebc66fe fa295924 440d34ad 6505f8c4"
System.out.println("Push Start deviceToken:" + deviceToken);
//定义消息模式
PayLoad payLoad = new PayLoad();
payLoad.addAlert("this is test!");
payLoad.addBadge(1);//消息推送标记数，小红圈中显示的数字。
payLoad.addSound("default");
//注册deviceToken
PushNotificationManager pushManager = PushNotificationManager.getInstance();
pushManager.addDevice("iPhone", deviceToken);
//连接APNS
String host = "gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com";
//String host = "gateway.push.apple.com";
int port = 2195;
String certificatePath = "c:/PushTest.p12";//前面生成的用于JAVA后台连接APNS服务的*.p12文件位置
String certificatePassword = "123456";//p12文件密码。
pushManager.initializeConnection(host, port, certificatePath, certificatePassword, SSLConnectionHelper.KEYSTORE_TYPE_PKCS12);
//发送推送
Device client = pushManager.getDevice("iPhone");
System.out.println("推送消息: " + client.getToken()+"\n"+payLoad.toString() +" ");
pushManager.sendNotification(client, payLoad);
//停止连接APNS
pushManager.stopConnection();
//删除deviceToken
pushManager.removeDevice("iPhone");
System.out.println("Push End");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
至此大功告成！！！！！！！