]Leetcode]-[Reorder List ]-三种解法

Given a singly linked list L: L0→L1→…→Ln-1→Ln,
reorder it to: L0→Ln→L1→Ln-1→L2→Ln-2→…

You must do this in-place without altering the nodes‘ values.

For example,
Given {1,2,3,4}, reorder it to {1,4,2,3}.

题目的意思就是，给定一个链表，从两头开始链接，

比如1-2-3-4-5-6，最开始取两头，组成1-6，剩下2-3-4-5；

接着取两头，2-5，和上面的1-6连接起来，组成1-6-2-5，剩下3-4；

接着取两头， 3-4，同理和上面的结果连接起来，组成 1-6-2-5-3-4；

我一共做了3种解法：第一种解法，使用递归的解法，每次都取两头，然后递归的去解；一共递归n/2次，每次需要从头开始遍历到最后一个元素，需要n步，所以时间复杂度是O(N*N),， 空间复杂度O(1). 但是结果是超时了。。。

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:

    ListNode *recurse(ListNode *head)
    {
        if(head == NULL || head->next == NULL)
        {
            return head;
        }
        ListNode *cur = head, *pre = head;
        while(cur->next != NULL)
        {
            pre = cur;
            cur = cur->next;
        }
        pre->next = NULL;
        ListNode *next = head->next;
        head->next = cur;
        cur->next = recurse(next);
        return head;
    }
    void reorderList(ListNode *head)
    {
        if(head == NULL || head->next == NULL)
            return;
        head =recurse(head);

    }
};

第二种解法，比较有效率，O(N)的时间复杂度，O(1)空间复杂度。思路是：将链表平均分为前后2段（l和r），将r倒转，然后按照顺序将l和r拼接起来。AC了

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:

ListNode *split(ListNode *head)
{
    ListNode *p = head;
    ListNode *q = head->next;
    while(q != NULL && q->next != NULL)
    {
        q = q->next->next;
        p = p->next;
    }
    q = p->next;
    p->next = NULL;
    return q;
}

ListNode *reverse(ListNode *head)
{
    if(head == NULL || head->next == NULL)
        return head;
    ListNode *pre = head, *cur = head->next, *next;
    head->next = NULL;
    while(cur != NULL)
    {
        next = cur->next;
        cur->next = pre;
        pre = cur;
        cur = next;
    }
    return pre;
}
void reorderList(ListNode *head)
{
    if(head == NULL || head->next == NULL)
        return;
    ListNode *r = reverse(split(head));
    ListNode *l = head->next;
    ListNode *traverse = head;
    while(r != NULL && l != NULL)
    {
        ListNode *tmp_r = r->next;
        ListNode *tmp_l = l->next;
        traverse->next = r;
        traverse = traverse->next;
        traverse->next = l;
        traverse = traverse->next;
        l = tmp_l;
        r = tmp_r;
    }
    if(r != NULL)
        traverse->next = r;
    else
        traverse->next = l;
}
};

最后一种解法是最直接的，借助了一个O(N)的空间，写起来比较简单，而且代码很容易懂，依然O(N)的时间复杂度，比第二种解法快了3ms。

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:

void reorderList(ListNode *head)
{
    if(head == NULL || head->next == NULL)
        return;
    vector<ListNode *> vec;
    ListNode *p = head->next;
    while(p != NULL)
    {
        vec.push_back(p);
        p = p->next;
    }
    p = head;
    vector<ListNode *>::size_type i, j;
    for(i = 0, j = vec.size() - 1; i < j; i++, j--)
    {
        p->next = vec[j];
        p = p->next;
        p->next = vec[i];
        p = p->next;
    }
    if(i == j)
    {
        p->next = vec[i];
        p = p->next;
    }
    p->next = NULL;
}
};