哈夫曼树 POJ 3253 Fence Repair

竟然做过原题,一眼看上去竟然没感觉。。。

哈夫曼树定义:给定n个权值作为n个叶子结点,构造一棵二叉树,若带权路径长度达到最小,称这样的二叉树为最优二叉树,也称为哈夫曼树(Huffman tree)。哈夫曼树是带权路径长度最短的树,权值较大的结点离根较近。

1、路径和路径长度

在一棵树中,从一个结点往下可以达到的孩子或孙子结点之间的通路,称为路径。通路中分支的数目称为路径长度。若规定根结点的层数为1,则从根结点到第L层结点的路径长度为L-1。

2、结点的权及带权路径长度

若将树中结点赋给一个有着某种含义的数值,则这个数值称为该结点的权。结点的带权路径长度为:从根结点到该结点之间的路径长度与该结点的权的乘积。

3、树的带权路径长度

树的带权路径长度规定为所有叶子结点的带权路径长度之和,记为WPL。

以上摘自百度百科。

优先队列的实现。

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
#include <cmath>
#include <stack>
#include <map>

#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000");
#define EPS (1e-8)
#define LL long long
#define ULL unsigned long long LL
#define _LL __LL64
#define _INF 0x3f3f3f3f
#define Mod 1000000007
#define LM(a,b) (((ULL)(a))<<(b))
#define RM(a,b) (((ULL)(a))>>(b))

using namespace std;

struct N
{
    LL ans;

    bool operator < (const N &a) const{
        return a.ans < ans;
    }
};

priority_queue<N> q;

int main()
{
    int n;

    N f,t;

    while(q.empty() == false)
        q.pop();

    while(scanf("%d",&n) != EOF)
    {
        LL sum = 0;

        while(n--)
        {
            scanf("%lld",&f.ans);
            q.push(f);
        }

        while(q.empty() == false)
        {
            f = q.top();
            q.pop();

            if(q.empty() == false)
            {
                t = q.top();
                q.pop();

                f.ans += t.ans;

                sum += f.ans;

                q.push(f);
            }
        }
        printf("%lld\n",sum);
    }
    return 0;
}

哈夫曼树 POJ 3253 Fence Repair,码迷,mamicode.com

时间: 2024-12-22 09:45:25

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