快乐虾
http://blog.csdn.net/lights_joy/(QQ群:Visual EmbedLinux Tools 375515651)
欢迎转载,但请保留作者信息
1. 用OpenCV进行视频显示
之前用OpenCV做了一个简单的视频显示:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # 使用OpenCV播放视频 import cv2 wnd = ‘OpenCV Video‘ #获得视频的格式 videoCapture = cv2.VideoCapture(‘f:\\tmp\\cotton.mp4‘) #获得码率及尺寸 fps = videoCapture.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FPS) size = (int(videoCapture.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH)), int(videoCapture.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT))) cv2.namedWindow(wnd, flags=0) cv2.resizeWindow(wnd, size[0]/2, size[1]/2) # 读帧 success, frame = videoCapture.read() while success : cv2.imshow(wnd, frame) #显示 cv2.waitKey(1000 / int(fps)) #延迟 success, frame = videoCapture.read() #获取下一帧
完全用cv2做视频读取和显示,这个程序有两个问题,一个是cv2窗口的缩放问题导致视频图像的变形,另一个是opencv提供的界面控制功能很弱,甚至于它都不提供在界面上显示按纽的能力,因此我们想办法替换界面显示的部分。
2. 用wxFormBuilder构建界面
wxFormBuilder是一个使用wxWidgets的UI界面设计工具,可以很直观地进行UI设计,并生成C++/Python/Lua/Xrc相关的代码。我们用它构建视频播放器的界面:
在主窗口上留下一个Panel控件用以嵌入matplotlib的窗口。
wxFormBuilder自动生成了Python代码:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- ########################################################################### ## Python code generated with wxFormBuilder (version Jun 5 2014) ## http://www.wxformbuilder.org/ ## ## PLEASE DO "NOT" EDIT THIS FILE! ########################################################################### import wx import wx.xrc ########################################################################### ## Class MainFrame ########################################################################### class MainFrame ( wx.Frame ): def __init__( self, parent ): wx.Frame.__init__ ( self, parent, id = wx.ID_ANY, title = u"Video Player", pos = wx.DefaultPosition, size = wx.Size( 757,562 ), style = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE|wx.TAB_TRAVERSAL ) self.SetSizeHintsSz( wx.DefaultSize, wx.DefaultSize ) self.m_timer = wx.Timer() self.m_timer.SetOwner( self, wx.ID_ANY ) self.m_timer.Start( 40 ) MainSizer = wx.BoxSizer( wx.VERTICAL ) ButtonSizer = wx.BoxSizer( wx.HORIZONTAL ) self.m_btnStart = wx.Button( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"开始", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 ) ButtonSizer.Add( self.m_btnStart, 0, wx.ALL, 5 ) self.m_btnStop = wx.Button( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"停止", wx.DefaultPosition, wx.DefaultSize, 0 ) ButtonSizer.Add( self.m_btnStop, 0, wx.ALL, 5 ) MainSizer.Add( ButtonSizer, 0, wx.EXPAND, 5 ) PanelSizer = wx.StaticBoxSizer( wx.StaticBox( self, wx.ID_ANY, u"Matplotlib 控制区" ), wx.VERTICAL ) self.m_pnlMatplot = wx.Panel( self, wx.ID_ANY, wx.DefaultPosition, wx.Size( -1,-1 ), 0 ) MatplotSizer = wx.BoxSizer( wx.VERTICAL ) self.m_pnlMatplot.SetSizer( MatplotSizer ) self.m_pnlMatplot.Layout() MatplotSizer.Fit( self.m_pnlMatplot ) PanelSizer.Add( self.m_pnlMatplot, 1, wx.EXPAND |wx.ALL, 5 ) MainSizer.Add( PanelSizer, 1, wx.EXPAND, 5 ) self.SetSizer( MainSizer ) self.Layout() self.Centre( wx.BOTH ) # Connect Events self.Bind( wx.EVT_TIMER, self.OnTimer, id=wx.ID_ANY ) self.m_btnStart.Bind( wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnStart ) self.m_btnStop.Bind( wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.OnStop ) def __del__( self ): pass # Virtual event handlers, overide them in your derived class def OnTimer( self, event ): event.Skip() def OnStart( self, event ): event.Skip() def OnStop( self, event ): event.Skip()
直接在此播放器工程中新建一个py文件,再将此代码复制到我们的播放器工程中,加上App和事件循环:
app = wx.App() frame = MainFrame(None) frame.Show() app.MainLoop()
3. 编码问题
在上节中直接在python工程中建立了一个新的py文件并将wxFormBuilder生成的代码复制过来,结果很悲摧:
更改此文件的编码为UTF-8:
再运行就好了:
4. 加上matplotlib显示
接下来加上matplotlib显示功能。
首先在Frame初始化的时候创建matplotlib所需要的canvas:
self.mpl_control = FigureCanvas(self.m_pnlMatplot, -1, plt.gcf()) MatplotSizer.Add(self.mpl_control, 1, wx.LEFT | wx.TOP | wx.GROW)
在按下开始的时候打开文件和定时器:
def OnStart( self, event ): self.videoCapture = cv2.VideoCapture(‘f:\\tmp\\cotton.mp4‘) if(self.videoCapture == None): wx.SafeShowMessage(‘start‘, ‘Open Failed‘) return self.fps = self.videoCapture.get(cv2.cv.CV_CAP_PROP_FPS) self.m_timer.Start(100)
在按下停止的时候停止定时器:
def OnStop( self, event ): self.m_timer.Stop()
在定时器事件中绘图:
def OnTimer( self, event ): success, self.frame = self.videoCapture.read() if(success) : plt.imshow(self.frame) self.mpl_control.draw_idle()
运行的结果就是这样的:
5. 内存泄漏
在上述代码中,运行时存在严重的内存泄漏,在视频播放的时候内存使用率不断上升。
查一下imshow的代码:
@docstring.dedent_interpd def imshow(self, X, cmap=None, norm=None, aspect=None, interpolation=None, alpha=None, vmin=None, vmax=None, origin=None, extent=None, shape=None, filternorm=1, filterrad=4.0, imlim=None, resample=None, url=None, **kwargs): """ Display an image on the axes. ...... """ ...... im = mimage.AxesImage(self, cmap, norm, interpolation, origin, extent, filternorm=filternorm, filterrad=filterrad, resample=resample, **kwargs) im.set_data(X) im.set_alpha(alpha) if im.get_clip_path() is None: # image does not already have clipping set, clip to axes patch im.set_clip_path(self.patch) #if norm is None and shape is None: # im.set_clim(vmin, vmax) if vmin is not None or vmax is not None: im.set_clim(vmin, vmax) else: im.autoscale_None() im.set_url(url) # update ax.dataLim, and, if autoscaling, set viewLim # to tightly fit the image, regardless of dataLim. im.set_extent(im.get_extent()) self.add_image(im) return im
在这个函数的末尾使用
self.add_image(im)
将创建出来的图像添加到了图像列表中,而不是替换已经有的图像,这就导致了内存不断上升!知道原因后就容易处理了,修改我们的代码,在显示图像前删除之前的图像:
# Virtual event handlers, overide them in your derived class def OnTimer( self, event ): success, self.frame = self.videoCapture.read() if(success) : if(self.image != None) : self.image.remove() (b, g, r) = cv2.split(self.frame) self.frame = cv2.merge([r,g,b]) self.image = plt.imshow(self.frame) self.mpl_control.draw_idle()
搞定!
??