前提
1、HBase 依赖于 HDFS 做底层的数据存储
2、HBase 依赖于 MapReduce 做数据计算
3、HBase 依赖于 ZooKeeper 做服务协调
4、HBase源码是java编写的，安装需要依赖JDK
版本选择
打开官方的版本说明http://hbase.apache.org/1.2/book.html
JDK的选择
Hadoop的选择
此处我们的hadoop版本用的的是2.7.5，HBase选择的版本是1.2.6
安装
1、zookeeper的安装
参考http://www.cnblogs.com/qingyunzong/p/8619184.html
2、Hadoopd的安装
参考http://www.cnblogs.com/qingyunzong/p/8634335.html
3、下载安装包
找到官网下载 hbase 安装包 hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz，这里给大家提供一个下载地址： http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/hbase/
4、上传服务器并解压缩到指定目录
[[email protected] ~]$ ls apps data hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz hello.txt log zookeeper.out [[email protected] ~]$ tar -zxvf hbase-1.2.6-bin.tar.gz -C apps/
5、修改配置文件
配置文件目录在安装包的conf文件夹中
（1）修改hbase-env.sh
[[email protected] conf]$ vi hbase-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_73export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false
（2）修改hbase-site.xml
[[email protected] conf]$ vi hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<!-- 指定 hbase 在 HDFS 上存储的路径 -->
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>hdfs://myha01/hbase126</value>
</property>
<property>
<!-- 指定 hbase 是分布式的 -->
<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<!-- 指定 zk 的地址，多个用“,”分割 -->
<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>hadoop1:2181,hadoop2:2181,hadoop3:2181,hadoop4:2181</value>
</property>
</configuration>
（3）修改regionservers
[[email protected] conf]$ vi regionservers
hadoop1 hadoop2 hadoop3 hadoop4
（4）修改backup-masters
该文件是不存在的，先自行创建
[[email protected] conf]$ vi backup-masters
hadoop4
（5）修改hdfs-site.xml 和 core-site.xml
最重要一步，要把 hadoop 的 hdfs-site.xml 和 core-site.xml 放到 hbase-1.2.6/conf 下
[[email protected] conf]$ cd ~/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/etc/hadoop/ [[email protected] hadoop]$ cp core-site.xml hdfs-site.xml ~/apps/hbase-1.2.6/conf/
6、将HBase安装包分发到其他节点
分发之前先删除HBase目录下的docs文件夹，
[[email protected] hbase-1.2.6]$ rm -rf docs/
在进行分发
[[email protected] apps]$ scp -r hbase-1.2.6/ hadoop2:$PWD [[email protected] apps]$ scp -r hbase-1.2.6/ hadoop3:$PWD [[email protected] apps]$ scp -r hbase-1.2.6/ hadoop4:$PWD
7、 同步时间
HBase 集群对于时间的同步要求的比 HDFS 严格，所以，集群启动之前千万记住要进行 时间同步，要求相差不要超过 30s
8、配置环境变量
所有服务器都有进行配置
[[email protected] apps]$ vi ~/.bashrc
#HBase export HBASE_HOME=/home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6 export PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin
使环境变量立即生效
[[email protected] apps]$ source ~/.bashrc
启动HBase集群
严格按照启动顺序进行
1、启动zookeeper集群
每个zookeeper节点都要执行以下命令
[[email protected] apps]$ zkServer.sh start ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /home/hadoop/apps/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Starting zookeeper ... STARTED [[email protected] apps]$
2、启动HDFS集群及YARN集群
如果需要运行MapReduce程序则启动yarn集群，否则不需要启动
[[email protected] apps]$ start-dfs.sh Starting namenodes on [hadoop1 hadoop2] hadoop2: starting namenode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop2.out hadoop1: starting namenode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop1.out hadoop3: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop3.out hadoop4: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop4.out hadoop2: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop2.out hadoop1: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop1.out Starting journal nodes [hadoop1 hadoop2 hadoop3] hadoop3: starting journalnode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-hadoop3.out hadoop2: starting journalnode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-hadoop2.out hadoop1: starting journalnode, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-journalnode-hadoop1.out Starting ZK Failover Controllers on NN hosts [hadoop1 hadoop2] hadoop2: starting zkfc, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-zkfc-hadoop2.out hadoop1: starting zkfc, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/logs/hadoop-hadoop-zkfc-hadoop1.out [[email protected] apps]$
启动完成之后检查以下namenode的状态
[[email protected] apps]$ hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1 standby [[email protected] apps]$ hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn2 active [[email protected] apps]$
3、启动HBase
保证 ZooKeeper 集群和 HDFS 集群启动正常的情况下启动 HBase 集群 启动命令：start-hbase.sh，在哪台节点上执行此命令，哪个节点就是主节点
[[email protected] conf]$ start-hbase.sh starting master, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-master-hadoop1.out Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 hadoop3: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-hadoop3.out hadoop4: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-hadoop4.out hadoop2: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-hadoop2.out hadoop3: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 hadoop3: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 hadoop4: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 hadoop4: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 hadoop2: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 hadoop2: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 hadoop1: starting regionserver, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-regionserver-hadoop1.out hadoop4: starting master, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-master-hadoop4.out [[email protected] conf]$
观看启动日志可以看到：
（1）首先在命令执行节点启动 master
（2）然后分别在 hadoop02,hadoop03,hadoop04,hadoop05 启动 regionserver
（3）然后在 backup-masters 文件中配置的备节点上再启动一个 master 主进程
验证启动是否正常
1、检查各进程是否启动正常
主节点和备用节点都启动 hmaster 进程
各从节点都启动 hregionserver 进程
按照对应的配置信息各个节点应该要启动的进程如上图所示
2、通过访问浏览器页面
hadoop1
hadop4
从图中可以看出hadoop4是备用节点
3、验证高可用
干掉hadoop1上的hbase进程，观察备用节点是否启用
[[email protected] conf]$ jps 4960 HMaster 2960 QuorumPeerMain 3169 NameNode 3699 DFSZKFailoverController 3285 DataNode 5098 HRegionServer 5471 Jps 3487 JournalNode [[email protected] conf]$ kill -9 4960
hadoop1界面访问不了
hadoop4变成主节点
4、如果有节点相应的进程没有启动，那么可以手动启动
启动HMaster进程
[[email protected] conf]$ jps 3360 Jps 2833 JournalNode 2633 QuorumPeerMain 3179 HRegionServer 2732 DataNode [[email protected] conf]$ hbase-daemon.sh start master starting master, logging to /home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/logs/hbase-hadoop-master-hadoop3.out Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0 [[email protected] conf]$ jps 2833 JournalNode 3510 Jps 3432 HMaster 2633 QuorumPeerMain 3179 HRegionServer 2732 DataNode [[email protected] conf]$
启动HRegionServer进程
[[email protected] conf]$ hbase-daemon.sh start regionserver
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/qingyunzong/p/8668880.html
时间： 2024-08-01 22:38:03