堆(heap) 代码(C)
本文地址: http://blog.csdn.net/caroline_wendy
堆(heap)作为二叉树的重要应用, 时间复杂度O(logn), 需要熟练的写出其代码, 基本代码如下, 需要背写.
代码:
/* * main.cpp * * Created on: 2014.7.20 * Author: spike */ /*eclipse cdt, gcc 4.8.1*/ #include <stdio.h> class Heap { static const int MAX_N = 1000; int heap[MAX_N], sz=0; public: void push(int x) { int i=sz++; while (i>0) { int p = (i-1)/2; if (heap[p]<=x) break; heap[i] = heap[p]; i = p; } heap[i]=x; } int pop() { int ret = heap[0]; int x = heap[--sz]; int i=0; while (i*2+1<sz) { int a=i*2+1, b=i*2+2; if (b<sz && heap[b]<heap[a]) a=b; //a始终代表最小值 if (heap[a]>=x) break; heap[i] = heap[a]; i = a; } heap[i] = x; return ret; } }; int main(void) { Heap h; h.push(3); h.push(5); h.push(4); h.push(1); for (int i=0; i<4; ++i) { printf("%d ", h.pop()); } printf("\n"); return 0; }
输出:
1 3 4 5
也可以使用库函数(#include<queue>)的优先级队列(priority_queue), 但是取值默认得到最大值,
可以使用priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int> > 输出最小值.
代码:
/* * main.cpp * * Created on: 2014.7.20 * Author: spike */ /*eclipse cdt, gcc 4.8.1*/ #include <stdio.h> #include <queue> #include <vector> #include <functional> using namespace std; int main(void) { priority_queue<int, std::vector<int>, std::greater<int> > pque; pque.push(3); pque.push(5); pque.push(1); pque.push(4); while (!pque.empty()) { printf("%d ", pque.top()); pque.pop(); } printf("\n"); return 0; }
输出:
1 3 4 5
时间: 2024-10-01 00:29:00