Django内置的Admin是对于model中对应的数据表进行增删改查提供的组件使用方式有
依赖APP
django.contrib.auth
django.contrib.contenttypes
django.contrib.messages
django.contrib.sessions
模板的context_processors
django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth
django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages
中间件
django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware
django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware
一、配置路由
urlpatterns = [
url(r‘^admin/‘, admin.site.urls),
]
当前配置的路由可以创建一些路由映射关系
/admin/
/admin/login/
/admin/logout/
/admin/password_change/
/admin/password_change/done/
/admin/app名称/model名称/
/admin/app名称/model名称/add/
/admin/app名称/model名称/ID值/history/
/admin/app名称/model名称/ID值/change/
/admin/app名称/model名称/ID值/delete/
二、定制admin
在admin.py中只需要讲Mode中的某个类注册即可在Admin中实现增删改查的功能如
admin.site.register(models.UserInfo)
但是这种方式比较简单如果想要进行更多的定制操作需要利用ModelAdmin进行操作如
方式一
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘,)
admin.site.register(models.UserInfo, UserAdmin) # 第一个参数可以是列表
方式二
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) # 第一个参数可以是列表
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘,)
ModelAdmin中提供了大量的可定制功能如
1. list_display列表时定制显示的列。
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘, ‘xxxxx‘)
def xxxxx(self, obj):
return "xxxxx"
2. list_display_links列表时定制列可以点击跳转。
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘, ‘xxxxx‘)
list_display_links = (‘pwd‘,)
3. list_filter列表时定制右侧快速筛选。
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘)
class Ugg(admin.SimpleListFilter):
title = _(‘decade born‘)
parameter_name = ‘xxxxxx‘
def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
"""
显示筛选选项
:param request:
:param model_admin:
:return:
"""
return models.UserGroup.objects.values_list(‘id‘, ‘title‘)
def queryset(self, request, queryset):
"""
点击查询时进行筛选
:param request:
:param queryset:
:return:
"""
v = self.value()
return queryset.filter(ug=v)
list_filter = (‘user‘,Ugg,)
4. list_select_related列表时连表查询是否自动select_related
5. 分页相关
# 分页每页显示条数
list_per_page = 100
# 分页显示全部真实数据<该值时才会有显示全部
list_max_show_all = 200
# 分页插件
paginator = Paginator
6. list_editable列表时可以编辑的列
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘,‘ug‘,)
list_editable = (‘ug‘,)
7. search_fields列表时模糊搜索的功能
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
search_fields = (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘)
8. date_hierarchy列表时对Date和DateTime类型进行搜索
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
date_hierarchy = ‘ctime‘
9. preserve_filters详细页面删除、修改更新后跳转回列表后是否保留原搜索条件
10. save_as = False详细页面按钮为“Sava as new” 或 “Sava and add another”
11. save_as_continue = True点击保存并继续编辑
save_as_continue = True
# 如果 save_as=Truesave_as_continue = True 点击Sava as new 按钮后继续编辑。
# 如果 save_as=Truesave_as_continue = False点击Sava as new 按钮后返回列表。
New in Django 1.10.
12. save_on_top = False详细页面在页面上方是否也显示保存删除等按钮
13. inlines详细页面如果有其他表和当前表做FK那么详细页面可以进行动态增加和删除
class UserInfoInline(admin.StackedInline): # TabularInline
extra = 0
model = models.UserInfo
class GroupAdminMode(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘id‘, ‘title‘,)
inlines = [UserInfoInline, ]
14. action列表时定制action中的操作
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
# 定制Action行为具体方法
def func(self, request, queryset):
print(self, request, queryset)
print(request.POST.getlist(‘_selected_action‘))
func.short_description = "中文显示自定义Actions"
actions = [func, ]
# Action选项都是在页面上方显示
actions_on_top = True
# Action选项都是在页面下方显示
actions_on_bottom = False
# 是否显示选择个数
actions_selection_counter = True
15. 定制HTML模板
add_form_template = None
change_form_template = None
change_list_template = None
delete_confirmation_template = None
delete_selected_confirmation_template = None
object_history_template = None
16. raw_id_fields详细页面针对FK和M2M字段变成以Input框形式
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
raw_id_fields = (‘FK字段‘, ‘M2M字段‘,)
17. fields详细页面时显示字段的字段
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
fields = (‘user‘,)
18. exclude详细页面时排除的字段
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
exclude = (‘user‘,)
19.readonly_fields详细页面时只读字段
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
readonly_fields = (‘user‘,)
20. fieldsets详细页面时使用fieldsets标签对数据进行分割显示
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
fieldsets = (
(‘基本数据‘, {
‘fields‘: (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘, ‘ctime‘,)
}),
(‘其他‘, {
‘classes‘: (‘collapse‘, ‘wide‘, ‘extrapretty‘), # ‘collapse‘,‘wide‘, ‘extrapretty‘
‘fields‘: (‘user‘, ‘pwd‘),
}),
)
21. 详细页面时M2M显示时数据移动选择方向上下和左右
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
filter_vertical = ("m2m字段",) # 或filter_horizontal = ("m2m字段",)
22. ordering列表时数据排序规则
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
ordering = (‘-id‘,)
或
def get_ordering(self, request):
return [‘-id‘, ]
23. view_on_site编辑时是否在页面上显示view on set
view_on_site = False
或
def view_on_site(self, obj):
return ‘
24. radio_fields详细页面时使用radio显示选项FK默认使用select
radio_fields = {"ug": admin.VERTICAL} # 或admin.HORIZONTAL
25. show_full_result_count = True列表时模糊搜索后面显示的数据个数样式
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
# show_full_result_count = True # 1 result (12 total)
# show_full_result_count = False # 1 result (Show all)
search_fields = (‘user‘,)
26. formfield_overrides = {}详细页面时指定现实插件
from django.forms import widgets
from django.utils.html import format_html
class MyTextarea(widgets.Widget):
def __init__(self, attrs=None):
# Use slightly better defaults than HTML‘s 20x2 box
default_attrs = {‘cols‘: ‘40‘, ‘rows‘: ‘10‘}
if attrs:
default_attrs.update(attrs)
super(MyTextarea, self).__init__(default_attrs)
def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):
if value is None:
value = ‘‘
final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name)
return format_html(‘<textarea {}>\r\n{}</textarea>‘,final_attrs, value)
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
formfield_overrides = {
models.models.CharField: {‘widget‘: MyTextarea},
}
27. prepopulated_fields = {}添加页面当在某字段填入值后自动会将值填充到指定字段。
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
prepopulated_fields = {"email": ("user","pwd",)}
PS: DjangoAdmin中使用js实现功能页面email字段的值会在输入user、pwd时自动填充
28. form = ModelForm用于定制用户请求时候表单验证
from app01 import models
from django.forms import ModelForm
from django.forms import fields
class MyForm(ModelForm):
others = fields.CharField()
class Meta:
model = models = models.UserInfo
fields = "__all__"
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
form = MyForm
29. empty_value_display = "列数据为空时显示默认值"
@admin.register(models.UserInfo)
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
empty_value_display = "列数据为空时默认显示"
list_display = (‘user‘,‘pwd‘,‘up‘)
def up(self,obj):
return obj.user
up.empty_value_display = "指定列数据为空时默认显示"
时间： 2024-09-30 20:55:12