问题：最近在项目中遇到，不同客户机安装不同Office版本，在导出Excel时，发生错误。
找不到Excel Com组件，错误信息如下。
未能加载文件或程序集“Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel, Version=12.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c”或它的某一个依赖项。系统找不到指定的文件。
解决方法：
1.引用高版本的的Excel.dll组件，最新版本14.0.0 防止客户安装高版本如Office不能导出。
（DLL组件可以兼容低版本，不能兼容高版本）
2.右键DLL属性，将引用的Excel.dll组件，嵌入互操作类型为True，这一步非常关键。
改成True后，生成时可能现有调用Excel的代码会报错，引用Microsoft.CSharp 命名空间，可以解决此问题。
3.引用Excel 14.0.0 DLL组件方法，vs2012 右键添加引用->程序集->扩展->Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel
Excel.dll http://files.cnblogs.com/files/ichk/Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.rar
其他方法：
1.使用NPOI.DLL开源组件，可以不安装Office软件，进行读写Excel文件。
NPIO.dll http://files.cnblogs.com/files/ichk/NPOI.rar
调用方法如下：
导出代码：
1 /// <summary>
2 /// DataTable导出到Excel的MemoryStream Export()
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="dtSource">DataTable数据源</param>
5 /// <param name="strHeaderText">Excel表头文本（例如：车辆列表）</param>
6 public static MemoryStream Export(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText)
7 {
8 HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
9 ISheet sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
10
11 #region 右击文件 属性信息
12 {
13 DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
14 dsi.Company = "NPOI";
15 workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;
16
17 SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();
18 si.Author = "文件作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
19 si.ApplicationName = "创建程序信息"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息
20 si.LastAuthor = "最后保存者信息"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息
21 si.Comments = "作者信息"; //填加xls文件作者信息
22 si.Title = "标题信息"; //填加xls文件标题信息
23 si.Subject = "主题信息";//填加文件主题信息
24 si.CreateDateTime = System.DateTime.Now;
25 workbook.SummaryInformation = si;
26 }
27 #endregion
28
29 ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
30 IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat();
31 dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");
32
33 //取得列宽
34 int[] arrColWidth = new int[dtSource.Columns.Count];
35 foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns)
36 {
37 arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(item.ColumnName.ToString()).Length;
38 }
39 for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++)
40 {
41 for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++)
42 {
43 int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(dtSource.Rows[i][j].ToString()).Length;
44 if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j])
45 {
46 arrColWidth[j] = intTemp;
47 }
48 }
49 }
50 int rowIndex = 0;
51 foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows)
52 {
53 #region 新建表，填充表头，填充列头，样式
54 if (rowIndex == 65535 || rowIndex == 0)
55 {
56 if (rowIndex != 0)
57 {
58 sheet = workbook.CreateSheet();
59 }
60
61 #region 表头及样式
62 {
63 IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
64 headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25;
65 headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText);
66
67 ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
68 headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
69 IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
70 font.FontHeightInPoints = 20;
71 font.Boldweight = 700;
72 headStyle.SetFont(font);
73 headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle;
74 sheet.AddMergedRegion(new NPOI.SS.Util.CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1));
75 }
76 #endregion
77
78 #region 列头及样式
79 {
80 IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1);
81 ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
82 headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.CENTER;
83 IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
84 font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
85 font.Boldweight = 700;
86 headStyle.SetFont(font);
87 foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
88 {
89 headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);
90 headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle;
91
92 //设置列宽
93 sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256);
94 }
95 }
96 #endregion
97
98 rowIndex = 2;
99 }
100 #endregion
101
102 #region 填充内容
103 IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
104 foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
105 {
106 ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal);
107
108 string drValue = row[column].ToString();
109
110 switch (column.DataType.ToString())
111 {
112 case "System.String"://字符串类型
113 newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
114 break;
115 case "System.DateTime"://日期类型
116 System.DateTime dateV;
117 System.DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
118 newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);
119
120 newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle;//格式化显示
121 break;
122 case "System.Boolean"://布尔型
123 bool boolV = false;
124 bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
125 newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
126 break;
127 case "System.Int16"://整型
128 case "System.Int32":
129 case "System.Int64":
130 case "System.Byte":
131 int intV = 0;
132 int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
133 newCell.SetCellValue(intV);
134 break;
135 case "System.Decimal"://浮点型
136 case "System.Double":
137 double doubV = 0;
138 double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
139 newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
140 break;
141 case "System.DBNull"://空值处理
142 newCell.SetCellValue("");
143 break;
144 default:
145 newCell.SetCellValue("");
146 break;
147 }
148 }
149 #endregion
150
151 rowIndex++;
152 }
153 using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
154 {
155 workbook.Write(ms);
156 ms.Flush();
157 ms.Position = 0;
158 sheet.Dispose();
159 return ms;
160 }
161 }
导入代码：
1 /// <summary>
2 /// 读取excel ,默认第一行为标头
3 /// </summary>
4 /// <param name="strFileName">excel文档路径</param>
5 /// <returns></returns>
6 public static DataTable Import(string strFileName)
7 {
8 DataTable dt = new DataTable();
9
10 HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook;
11 using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
12 {
13 hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);
14 }
15 ISheet sheet = hssfworkbook.GetSheetAt(0);
16 System.Collections.IEnumerator rows = sheet.GetRowEnumerator();
17
18 IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
19 int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;
20
21 for (int j = 0; j < cellCount; j++)
22 {
23 ICell cell = headerRow.GetCell(j);
24 dt.Columns.Add(cell.ToString());
25 }
26
27 for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
28 {
29 IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
30 DataRow dataRow = dt.NewRow();
31
32 for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++)
33 {
34 if (row.GetCell(j) != null)
35 dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
36 }
37
38 dt.Rows.Add(dataRow);
39 }
40 return dt;
41 }
2.使用C#发射方式调用Excel进行，不需要引用Excel.dll组件。此种方法不建议，太麻烦，也需要安装Office。
调用方法如下：
1 private void Export2Excel(DataGridView datagridview, bool captions)
2 {
3 object objApp_Late;
4 object objBook_Late;
5 object objBooks_Late;
6 object objSheets_Late;
7 object objSheet_Late;
8 object objRange_Late;
9 object[] Parameters;
10
11 string[] headers = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
12 string[] columns = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
13 string[] colName = new string[datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true)];
14
15 int i = 0;
16 int c = 0;
17 int m = 0;
18
19 for (c = 0; c < datagridview.Columns.Count; c++)
20 {
21 for (int j = 0; j < datagridview.Columns.Count; j++)
22 {
23 DataGridViewColumn tmpcol = datagridview.Columns[j];
24 if (tmpcol.DisplayIndex == c)
25 {
26 if (tmpcol.Visible) //不显示的隐藏列初始化为tag＝0
27 {
28 headers[c - m] = tmpcol.HeaderText;
29 i = c - m + 65;
30 columns[c - m] = Convert.ToString((char)i);
31 colName[c - m] = tmpcol.Name;
32 }
33 else
34 {
35 m++;
36 }
37 break;
38 }
39 }
40 }
41
42 try
43 {
44 // Get the class type and instantiate Excel.
45 Type objClassType;
46 objClassType = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
47 objApp_Late = Activator.CreateInstance(objClassType);
48 //Get the workbooks collection.
49 objBooks_Late = objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Workbooks", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objApp_Late, null);
50 //Add a new workbook.
51 objBook_Late = objBooks_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Add", BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, objBooks_Late, null);
52 //Get the worksheets collection.
53 objSheets_Late = objBook_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Worksheets", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objBook_Late, null);
54 //Get the first worksheet.
55 Parameters = new Object[1];
56 Parameters[0] = 1;
57 objSheet_Late = objSheets_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Item", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheets_Late, Parameters);
58
59 if (captions)
60 {
61 // Create the headers in the first row of the sheet
62 for (c = 0; c < datagridview.DisplayedColumnCount(true); c++)
63 {
64 //Get a range object that contains cell.
65 Parameters = new Object[2];
66 Parameters[0] = columns[c] + "1";
67 Parameters[1] = Missing.Value;
68 objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters);
69 //Write Headers in cell.
70 Parameters = new Object[1];
71 Parameters[0] = headers[c];
72 objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters);
73 }
74 }
75
76 // Now add the data from the grid to the sheet starting in row 2
77 for (i = 0; i < datagridview.RowCount; i++)
78 {
79 c = 0;
80 foreach (string txtCol in colName)
81 {
82 DataGridViewColumn col = datagridview.Columns[txtCol];
83 if (col.Visible)
84 {
85 //Get a range object that contains cell.
86 Parameters = new Object[2];
87 Parameters[0] = columns[c] + Convert.ToString(i + 2);
88 Parameters[1] = Missing.Value;
89 objRange_Late = objSheet_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Range", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, objSheet_Late, Parameters);
90 //Write Headers in cell.
91 Parameters = new Object[1];
92 //Parameters[0] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[headers[c]].Value.ToString();
93 Parameters[0] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[col.Name].Value.ToString();
94 objRange_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Value", BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, objRange_Late, Parameters);
95 c++;
96 }
97
98 }
99 }
100
101 //Return control of Excel to the user.
102 Parameters = new Object[1];
103 Parameters[0] = true;
104 objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("Visible", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
105 null, objApp_Late, Parameters);
106 objApp_Late.GetType().InvokeMember("UserControl", BindingFlags.SetProperty,
107 null, objApp_Late, Parameters);
108 }
109 catch (Exception theException)
110 {
111 String errorMessage;
112 errorMessage = "Error: ";
113 errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Message);
114 errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, " Line: ");
115 errorMessage = String.Concat(errorMessage, theException.Source);
116
117 MessageBox.Show(errorMessage, "Error");
118 }
119 }
导出
System.Type ExcelType = System.Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application");
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application obj = Activator.CreateInstance(ExcelType) as Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application;
时间： 2024-10-12 00:09:41