Flappy Bird
源码取自：https://github.com/OiteBoys/Earlybird
(一) 文件的读取
游戏中非常重要的元素---图片，所以先从图片下手。
由于所有的图片资源都是放在一张大图上的，切割图片保存的又不是plist文件，所以在这里模拟SpriteFrameCache写了一个AtlasLoader类，该类主要功能用于缓存图片。
AtlasLoader.h
1 #pragma once
2 #include "cocos2d.h"
3
4 using namespace cocos2d;
5 using namespace std;
6
7 // 图片信息结构体，主要用于保存图片
8 typedef struct _atlas{
9 char name[255];
10 int width;
11 int height;
12 Point start;
13 Point end;
14 } Atlas;
15
16 class AtlasLoader{
17 public:
18 // 获取单例
19 static AtlasLoader* getInstance();
20
21 // 销毁单例
22 static void destroyInstance();
23
24 /**
25 * 加载文件
26 * 这个函数加载图片,会延迟主线程
27 * 例: AtlasLoader::getInstance()->loadAtlas("atlas.txt");
28 */
29 void loadAtlas(string filename);
30
31 /**
32 * 加载文件
33 * 可以在异步加载纹理的回调函数中调用该函数
34 */
35 void loadAtlas(string filename, Texture2D *texture);
36
37 /**
38 * 通过名字获取精灵帧，用于创建精灵
39 * 提示:应该在用getTextureCache加载atlas.png完成之后调用该函数
40 * 例如. SpriteFrame *bg_day = AtlasLoader::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("bg_day");
41 */
42 SpriteFrame* getSpriteFrameByName(string name);
43
44 protected:
45 /**
46 * 默认构造函数
47 */
48 AtlasLoader();
49
50 /**
51 * 初始化
52 */
53 virtual bool init();
54
55 /**
56 * 单例指针
57 */
58 static AtlasLoader* sharedAtlasLoader;
59
60 /**
61 * 用于保存精灵帧的MAP<std::string 名字,SpriteFrame* 精灵帧指针>
62 */
63 Map<std::string, SpriteFrame*> _spriteFrames;
64 };
AtlasLoader.cpp
1 #include "AtlasLoader.h"
2
3 // 初始化单例指针(因为是静态变量，所以在这里初始化)
4 AtlasLoader* AtlasLoader::sharedAtlasLoader = nullptr;
5
6 AtlasLoader* AtlasLoader::getInstance(){
7 if(sharedAtlasLoader == NULL) {
8 sharedAtlasLoader = new AtlasLoader();
9 if(!sharedAtlasLoader->init()){
10 delete sharedAtlasLoader;
11 sharedAtlasLoader = NULL;
12 CCLOG("ERROR: Could not init sharedAtlasLoader");
13 }
14 }
15 return sharedAtlasLoader;
16 }
17
18 void AtlasLoader::destroyInstance()
19 {
20 CC_SAFE_DELETE(sharedAtlasLoader);
21 }
22
23 AtlasLoader::AtlasLoader(){}
24
25
26 bool AtlasLoader::init(){
27 return true;
28 }
29
30 void AtlasLoader::loadAtlas(string filename){
31 // 获取一张纹理
32 auto textureAtlas = Director::getInstance()->getTextureCache()->addImage("atlas.png");
33 // 加载文件
34 this->loadAtlas(filename, textureAtlas);
35 }
36
37 void AtlasLoader::loadAtlas(string filename, Texture2D *texture) {
38 // 读取文件
39 string data = FileUtils::getInstance()->getStringFromFile(filename);
40
41 unsigned pos;
42 Atlas atlas;
43 pos = data.find_first_of("\n");
44 string line = data.substr(0, pos);
45 data = data.substr(pos + 1);
46 while(line != ""){
47 sscanf(line.c_str(), "%s %d %d %f %f %f %f",
48 atlas.name, &atlas.width, &atlas.height, &atlas.start.x,
49 &atlas.start.y, &atlas.end.x, &atlas.end.y);
50 atlas.start.x = 1024*atlas.start.x;
51 atlas.start.y = 1024*atlas.start.y;
52 atlas.end.x = 1024*atlas.end.x;
53 atlas.end.y = 1024*atlas.end.y;
54
55 pos = data.find_first_of("\n");
56 line = data.substr(0, pos);
57 data = data.substr(pos + 1);
58
59 // use the data to create a sprite frame
60 // fix 1px edge bug
61 if(atlas.name == string("land")) {
62 atlas.start.x += 1;
63 }
64
65 Rect rect = Rect(atlas.start.x, atlas.start.y, atlas.width, atlas.height);
66 auto frame = SpriteFrame::createWithTexture(texture, rect); // 通过纹理创建精灵帧
67 this->_spriteFrames.insert(string(atlas.name), frame); // 插入到MAP中
68 }
69 }
70
71 SpriteFrame* AtlasLoader::getSpriteFrameByName(string name){
72 return this->_spriteFrames.at(name);
73 }
(二) LoadingScene(加载场景)
完成图片缓存之后，我们真正的开始游戏。启动游戏的第一个场景LoadingScene。
---> 异步加载图片
---> 加载声音
---> 场景跳转
LoadingScene.h
1 #include "cocos2d.h"
2 #include "AtlasLoader.h"
3 #include "SimpleAudioEngine.h"
4 #include "HelloWorldScene.h"
5 #include "WelcomeScene.h"
6 #include "BackgroundLayer.h"
7
8 using namespace cocos2d;
9 using namespace CocosDenshion;
10
11 class LoadingScene : public Scene {
12 public:
13 /**
14 * 默认构造
15 */
16 LoadingScene();
17
18 ~LoadingScene();
19
20 /**
21 * 初始化
22 */
23 virtual bool init();
24
25 /* 提供一个create方法，并且返回该类的指针
26 static __TYPE__* create() 27 { 28 __TYPE__ *pRet = new __TYPE__(); 29 if (pRet && pRet->init()) 30 { 31 pRet->autorelease(); 32 return pRet; 33 } 34 else 35 { 36 delete pRet; 37 pRet = NULL; 38 return NULL; 39 } 40 }
41 */
42 CREATE_FUNC(LoadingScene);
43
44 /**
45 * 该类被载入场景的时候被调用，可能会发生多次
46 */
47 void onEnter() override;
48
49 private:
50 /**
51 * 异步加载纹理完成之后的回调函数
52 */
53 void loadingCallBack(Texture2D *texture);
54 };
LoadingScene.cpp
1 #include "LoadingScene.h"
2 LoadingScene::LoadingScene(){}
3
4 LoadingScene::~LoadingScene(){}
5
6 bool LoadingScene::init() {
7 if(Scene::init()){
8 return true;
9 } else {
10 return false;
11 }
12 }
13
14 void LoadingScene::onEnter(){
15 // 给当前场景添加背景
16 Sprite *background = Sprite::create("splash.png");
17 Size visibleSize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize();
18 Point origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin();
19 background->setPosition(origin.x + visibleSize.width/2, origin.y + visibleSize.height/2);
20 this->addChild(background);
21
22 // 开始异步加载 atlas.png
23 Director::getInstance()->getTextureCache()->addImageAsync("atlas.png", CC_CALLBACK_1(LoadingScene::loadingCallBack, this));
24 }
25
26 void LoadingScene::loadingCallBack(Texture2D *texture){
27
28 // 加载完成之后，切割图片，保存成精灵帧
29 AtlasLoader::getInstance()->loadAtlas("atlas.txt", texture);
30
31 // 加载声音
32 SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("sfx_die.ogg");
33 SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("sfx_hit.ogg");
34 SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("sfx_point.ogg");
35 SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("sfx_swooshing.ogg");
36 SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect("sfx_wing.ogg");
37
38 // 加载完成之后，跳转到欢迎场景
39 auto scene = WelcomeScene::create();
40 TransitionScene *transition = TransitionFade::create(1, scene);
41 Director::getInstance()->replaceScene(transition);
42 }
(三) WelcomeScene(欢迎场景)
资源加载完成之后，跳转到欢迎场景，在这里我们将看到我们的主角---小鸟。
---> 显示背景
---> 地图无限滚动
---> 菜单
---> 小鸟类
WelcomeScene.h
1 #pragma once
2 #include "AtlasLoader.h"
3 #include "WelcomeLayer.h"
4 #include "BackgroundLayer.h"
5 #include "cocos2d.h"
6 using namespace cocos2d;
7 using namespace std;
8
9 /*
10 该类就非常简单了，主要在这里添加了一个WelcomeLayer层。
11 */
12 class WelcomeScene : public Scene{
13 public:
14 WelcomeScene(void);
15 ~WelcomeScene(void);
16 bool virtual init();
17 CREATE_FUNC(WelcomeScene);
18 };
WelcomeScene.cpp
1 #include "WelcomeScene.h"
2
3 WelcomeScene::WelcomeScene(){};
4
5 WelcomeScene::~WelcomeScene(){};
6
7 bool WelcomeScene::init(){
8 bool bRet = false;
9 do{
10 CC_BREAK_IF(!Scene::init());
11 auto _welcomeLayer = WelcomeLayer::create();
12 CC_BREAK_IF(!_welcomeLayer);
13 this->addChild(_welcomeLayer);
14 bRet = true;
15 }while(0);
16 return bRet;
17 }
WelcomeLayer.h
1 #pragma once
2
3 #include "AtlasLoader.h"
4 #include "SimpleAudioEngine.h"
5 #include "CCMenuItem.h"
6 #include "GameScene.h"
7 #include "time.h"
8 #include "cocos2d.h"
9 #include "BirdSprite.h"
10
11 using namespace cocos2d;
12 using namespace std;
13 using namespace CocosDenshion;
14
15 const int START_BUTTON_TAG = 100;
16
17 class WelcomeLayer : public Layer{
18 public:
19 WelcomeLayer(void);
20 ~WelcomeLayer(void);
21 virtual bool init();
22
23 CREATE_FUNC(WelcomeLayer);
24
25 private:
26 /**
27 * 开始按钮回调
28 */
29 void menuStartCallback(Object *sender);
30
31 /**
32 * 地图无限滚动回调
33 */
34 void scrollLand(float dt);
35
36 Sprite *land1; // 地板1
37 Sprite *land2; // 地板2
38 BirdSprite *bird; // 主角小鸟
39 };
WelcomeLayer.cpp
1 #include "WelcomeLayer.h"
2
3 WelcomeLayer::WelcomeLayer(){};
4
5 WelcomeLayer::~WelcomeLayer(){};
6
7 bool WelcomeLayer::init(){
8 if(!Layer::init()){
9 return false;
10 }
11
12 Size visiableSize = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleSize();
13 Point origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin();
14
15 // 获取当前时间
16 time_t t = time(NULL);
17 tm* lt = localtime(&t);
18 int hour = lt->tm_hour;
19
20 // 根据当前时间创建背景(这里就用到了我们的AtlasLoader喽)
21 Sprite *background;
22 if(hour >= 6 && hour <= 17){
23 background = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrame(AtlasLoader::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("bg_day"));
24 }else{
25 background = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrame(AtlasLoader::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("bg_night"));
26 }
27 background->setAnchorPoint(Point::ZERO);
28 background->setPosition(Point::ZERO);
29 this->addChild(background);
30
31 // 游戏标题
32 Sprite *title = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrame(AtlasLoader::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("title"));
33 title->setPosition(Point(origin.x + visiableSize.width/2 , (visiableSize.height * 5) / 7));
34 this->addChild(title);
35
36 // 添加开始菜单
37 Sprite *startButton = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrame(AtlasLoader::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("button_play"));
38 Sprite *activeStartButton = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrame(AtlasLoader::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("button_play"));
39
40 // 创建菜单项 WelcomeLayer::menuStartCallback 为该菜单项的响应函数
41 auto menuItem = MenuItemSprite::create(startButton,activeStartButton,NULL,CC_CALLBACK_1(WelcomeLayer::menuStartCallback, this));
42 menuItem->setPosition(Point(origin.x + visiableSize.width/2 ,origin.y + visiableSize.height*2/5));
43
44 // 将菜单项加到菜单中，已NULL结束
45 auto menu = Menu::create(menuItem,NULL);
46 menu->setPosition(Point(origin.x ,origin.y));
47 this->addChild(menu,1);
48
49 // 创建小鸟(下面有具体的介绍)
50 this->bird = BirdSprite::getInstance();
51 this->bird->createBird();
52 this->bird->setTag(BIRD_SPRITE_TAG);
53 this->bird->setPosition(Point(origin.x + visiableSize.width / 2,origin.y + visiableSize.height*3/5 - 10));
54 this->bird->idle(); // 使小鸟处于准备状态。
55 this->addChild(this->bird);
56
57 // 添加地板
58 this->land1 = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrame(AtlasLoader::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("land"));
59 this->land1->setAnchorPoint(Point::ZERO);
60 this->land1->setPosition(Point::ZERO);
61 this->addChild(this->land1);
62
63 this->land2 = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrame(AtlasLoader::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("land"));
64 this->land2->setAnchorPoint(Point::ZERO);
65 this->land2->setPosition(this->land1->getContentSize().width - 2.0f, 0);
66 this->addChild(this->land2);
67
68 // 开启一个计时器，用于地板滚动
69 this->schedule(schedule_selector(WelcomeLayer::scrollLand), 0.01f);
70
71 // 版权
72 Sprite *copyright = Sprite::createWithSpriteFrame(AtlasLoader::getInstance()->getSpriteFrameByName("brand_copyright"));
73 copyright->setPosition(Point(origin.x + visiableSize.width/2, origin.y + visiableSize.height/6));
74 this->addChild(copyright, 10);
75
76 return true;
77 }
78
79 void WelcomeLayer::scrollLand(float dt){
80 /* 地图无限滚动原理：
81 实际上是有两块地图并排放置，每隔一段时间设置两块地图的X坐标，当第一块地图完全移出屏幕的时候，
82 第二块地图正好完全显示在屏幕内，这时再将第一块的地图X坐标设置为0，第二块地图X坐标设置为第一块地图的后面，
83 无限循环，就形成了地图无限滚动的视觉效果。
84 */
85
86 this->land1->setPositionX(this->land1->getPositionX() - 2.0f);
87 this->land2->setPositionX(this->land1->getPositionX() + this->land1->getContentSize().width - 2.0f);
88
89 if(this->land2->getPositionX() == 0) {
90 this->land1->setPositionX(0);
91 }
92 }
93
94 void WelcomeLayer::menuStartCallback(Object *sender){
95 // 播放音效
96 SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->playEffect("sfx_swooshing.ogg");
97 // 移除小鸟
98 this->removeChildByTag(BIRD_SPRITE_TAG);
99 // 跳转到游戏场景
100 auto scene = GameScene::create();
101 TransitionScene *transition = TransitionFade::create(1, scene);
102 Director::getInstance()->replaceScene(transition);
103 }
4.GameScene(物理引擎，委托)
时间： 2024-07-30 08:06:54