注:本文参照openstack官方文档部署，地址https://docs.openstack.org/。明明才10万字符，硬说超过20万，没办法，分篇。
建议:配置时仔细核对，经多次实验，很多错误都是配置失误造成的。
一、搭建基础环境
192.168.30.145 controller【2vCPU、4G内存、40G存储、双网卡】
192.168.30.146 compute【2vCPU、4G内存、40G存储、双网卡】
1.安装ssh并配置root密码
$ sudo apt install ssh $ sudo passwd root Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully
2.获取临时认证令牌
# openssl rand -hex 10 bdb5cad50653d4e85b7d
3.添加阿里云镜像
# cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak # vim /etc/apt/sources.list deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
4.配置网络接口IP
# ip addr # vim /etc/network/interfaces auto ens33 iface ens33 inet static address 192.168.30.145 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.30.2 dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114 # The provider network interface(配置第二个接口为提供者接口) auto ens34 iface ens34 inet manual up ip link set dev $IFACE up down ip link set dev $IFACE down
5.配置host
# vim /etc/hosts 192.168.30.145 controller 192.168.30.146 compute
6.配置NTP时间协议
# dpkg-reconfigure tzdata ##修改时区 Current default time zone: ‘Asia/Chongqing‘ Local time is now: Tue Mar 28 20:54:33 CST 2017. Universal Time is now: Tue Mar 28 12:54:33 UTC 2017. # apt -y install chrony ##安装chrony时间同步软件
Controller Node
# vim /etc/chrony/chrony.conf allow 192.168.30.0/24 ##设置允许该网段与自己同步时间 # service chrony restart
Compute Node
# vim /etc/chrony/chrony.conf # pool 2.debian.pool.ntp.org offline iburst server 192.168.30.145 iburst ##设置时间同步服务器地址 # service chrony restart # chronyc sources 210 Number of sources = 1 MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample =============================================================================== ^* controller 3 6 377 33 -375us[ -422us] +/- 66ms
7.在所有节点启用openstack库、安装openstack客户端
# apt -y install software-properties-common # add-apt-repository cloud-archive:ocata # apt -y update && apt -y dist-upgrade # apt -y install python-openstackclient
8.安装并配置数据库服务(Controller Node)
# apt -y install mariadb-server python-pymysql # vim /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/99-openstack.cnf [mysqld] bind-address = 192.168.30.145 default-storage-engine = innodb innodb_file_per_table = on max_connections = 4096 collation-server = utf8_general_ci character-set-server = utf8 # service mysql restart # mysql_secure_installation ##运行该脚本来保证数据库安全，为root账户设置一个合适的密码
9.安装并配置Rabbitmq消息队列服务(Controller Node)
# apt -y install rabbitmq-server # rabbitmqctl add_user openstack openstack ##添加OpenStack用户并配置密码 Creating user "openstack" ... ##允许openstack用户的配置、写、读权限 # rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*" Setting permissions for user "openstack" in vhost "/" ... # rabbitmqctl list_users ##列出用户 Listing users ... guest[administrator] openstack[] # rabbitmqctl list_user_permissions openstack ##列出该用户权限 Listing permissions for user "openstack" ... /.*.*.* # rabbitmqctl status ##查看RabbitMQ相关信息 # rabbitmq-plugins list ##查看RabbitMQ相关插件 Configured: E = explicitly enabled; e = implicitly enabled | Status: * = running on [email protected] |/ ...... # rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management ##启用该插件 The following plugins have been enabled: mochiweb webmachine rabbitmq_web_dispatch amqp_client rabbitmq_management_agent rabbitmq_management Applying plugin configuration to [email protected] started 6 plugins.
浏览器输入http://localhost:15672，默认用户名密码都是guest。
10.安装并配置Memcached缓存服务【对认证服务进行缓存】(Controller Node)
# apt -y install memcached python-memcache # vim /etc/memcached.conf #-l 127.0.0.1 -l 192.168.30.145 # service memcached restart
二、配置 Keystone 认证服务(Controller Node)
1.创建 keystone 数据库
# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE keystone; ##创建 keystone 数据库 ##对 keystone 数据库授权[用户名@控制节点...BY 密码] MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone‘@‘192.168.30.145‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘keystone‘; MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘keystone‘; MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
2.安装并配置 Keystone
# apt -y install keystone # vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf [database]---配置数据库访问[用户名:密码@控制节点] connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:[email protected]/keystone [token]---配置Fernet UUID令牌的提供者 provider = fernet # grep ^[a-z] /etc/keystone/keystone.conf connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:[email protected]/keystone provider = fernet
3.初始化身份认证服务数据库
# su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone
4.初始化Fernet keys
# keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone # keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
5.配置引导标识服务
# keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password qaz123 --bootstrap-admin-url http://192.168.30.145:35357/v3/ --bootstrap-internal-url http://192.168.30.145:5000/v3/ --bootstrap-public-url http://192.168.30.145:5000/v3/ --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne
6.配置 HTTP 服务器
# vim /etc/apache2/apache2.conf ServerName controller # service apache2 restart ##重启Apache服务 # service apache2 status # rm -f /var/lib/keystone/keystone.db ##删除默认的SQLite数据库
7.配置管理账户
# export OS_USERNAME=admin # export OS_PASSWORD=qaz123 # export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin # export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default # export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default # export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.30.145:35357/v3 # export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
8.创建 service 项目
# openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | Service Project | | domain_id | default | | enabled | True | | id | 945e37831e74484f8911fb742c925926 | | is_domain | False | | name | service | | parent_id | default | +-------------+----------------------------------+
9.配置普通(非管理)任务项目和用户权限
a.创建 demo 项目
# openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" demo +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | Demo Project | | domain_id | default | | enabled | True | | id | 2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0 | | is_domain | False | | name | demo | | parent_id | default | +-------------+----------------------------------+
b.创建 demo 用户
# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt demo
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 7cfc508fd5d44b468aac218bd4029bae |
| name | demo |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
c.创建 user 角色
# openstack role create user +-----------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-----------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | None | | id | 83b6ab2af4414ad387b2fc9daf575b3a | | name | user | +-----------+----------------------------------+
d.添加 user 角色到 demo 项目和用户
# openstack role add --project demo --user demo user
10.禁用临时身份验证令牌机制
# vim /etc/keystone/keystone-paste.ini [pipeline:public_api] # pipeline = admin_token_auth [pipeline:admin_api] # pipeline = admin_token_auth [pipeline:api_v3] # pipeline = admin_token_auth
11.重置 OS_AUTH_URL 和 OS_PASSWORD 环境变量
# unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD
12.使用 admin 用户，请求认证令牌(密码为admin用户密码)
# openstack --os-auth-url http://192.168.30.145:35357/v3 --os-project-domain-name default --os-user-domain-name default --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue Password: +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ | expires | 2017-03-28T15:11:50+0000 | | id | gAAAAABY2m8mE9pMATPuFW9YpgoBMTg9mCI6GcmFeQAudwbhGiVblXZP | | | kmSmHc5aFwTZSIdjLzPJaMd1k16UZghj59v45Gvzdh5CLhSFGWPsT8rL | | | fRJD4eE1D_eRz2Jjjk5rDmwAHm5mmffuszJLSe4B2KJyBXkdmmznXL-A | | project_id | 2461396f6a344c21a2360a612d4f6abe | | user_id | 63ca263543fb4b02bb34410e3dc8a801 | +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
13.使用 demo 用户，请求认证令牌(密码为demo用户密码)
# openstack --os-auth-url http://192.168.30.145:5000/v3 --os-project-domain-name default --os-user-domain-name default --os-project-name demo --os-username demo token issue Password: +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+ | expires | 2017-03-28T15:13:50+0000 | | id | gAAAAABY2m-eSIWmQg1SyZFaiGcP2kjHf742ktr8YcVH3Q4aHKTflDJ | | | RLAfgmeoDW2z1sbdHQmKQNSb--F-1Pn_hTFHYqgyMlIxYpEQxGhJ-rg | | | b0EuxUT9opwl0m5onaA5Cv_MBX6awxeity8Gh1dc50NUeYela5Yl4uSG | | project_id | 2ef20ce389eb499696f2d7497c6009b0 | | user_id | 7cfc508fd5d44b468aac218bd4029bae | +------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
14.创建脚本
a.创建并编辑文件 admin-openrc 并添加如下内容:
# vim admin-openrc export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=qaz123 export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.30.145:35357/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
b.创建并编辑文件 demo-openrc 并添加如下内容:
# vim demo-openrc export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo export OS_USERNAME=demo export OS_PASSWORD=demo export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.30.145:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
15.使用脚本
a.加载脚本
# . admin-openrc
b.请求身份认证令牌
# openstack token issue +------------+----------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +------------+----------------------------------------------------------+ | expires | 2017-03-28T15:22:55+0000 | | id | gAAAAABY2nG_diuPBMl66vJye3mV3S7CWZKesIiSnbicq5XddujfHhc3x| | | PHni3iHWPcTQAjHoIEMTvSH6yKOQ6Z74QL6hVbshqP1dJrRJ6xEa9WvIk| | | F7H5j7lPmM7ncfVvr9k96gLJ6Uhz38R5qRnHBWkxrlNsgw1jdnAjxf5e | | project_id | 2461396f6a344c21a2360a612d4f6abe | | user_id | 63ca263543fb4b02bb34410e3dc8a801 | +------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
三、配置 Glance 镜像服务(Controller Node)
1.创建 glance 数据库
# mysql MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE glance; ##创建 glance 数据库 ##对 glance 数据库授权[用户名@控制节点...BY 密码] MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO ‘glance‘@‘192.168.30.145‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘glance‘; MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO ‘glance‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘glance‘; MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
2.获取管理员访问权限
# . admin-openrc
3.创建服务证书
a.创建glance用户:
# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 3edeaaae87e14811ac2c6767ab657d6b |
| name | glance |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
b.添加 admin 角色到 glance 用户和 service 项目上:
# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
c.创建“glance”服务实体:
# openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | OpenStack Image | | enabled | True | | id | 22a0875ba92c4512989666f116ae1585 | | name | glance | | type | image | +-------------+----------------------------------+
d.创建镜像服务的 API 端点:
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://192.168.30.145:9292 +--------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | ff6d9ed365cf4e7f8cc53d47e57cd46b | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 22a0875ba92c4512989666f116ae1585 | | service_name | glance | | service_type | image | | url | http://192.168.30.145:9292 | +--------------+----------------------------------+ # openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://192.168.30.145:9292 +--------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 7408dd72bc1745758cdf23e136ef7392 | | interface | internal | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 22a0875ba92c4512989666f116ae1585 | | service_name | glance | | service_type | image | | url | http://192.168.30.145:9292 | +--------------+----------------------------------+ # openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://192.168.30.145:9292 --------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 8ed4e7e1a5834177b4ce1896c21e6cb9 | | interface | admin | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 22a0875ba92c4512989666f116ae1585 | | service_name | glance | | service_type | image | | url | http://192.168.30.145:9292 | +--------------+----------------------------------+
4.安装并配置 Glance 组件
a.配置镜像API
# apt -y install glance # vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf [database]---配置数据库访问[用户名:密码@控制节点] connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:[email protected]/glance [keystone_authtoken]---配置身份服务访问 auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = glance password = glance [paste_deploy] flavor = keystone [glance_store]---配置本地文件系统存储和图像文件位置 stores = file,http default_store = file filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/ # grep ^[a-z] /etc/glance/glance-api.conf sqlite_db = /var/lib/glance/glance.sqlite backend = sqlalchemy connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:[email protected]/glance stores = file,http default_store = file filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images disk_formats = ami,ari,aki,vhd,vhdx,vmdk,raw,qcow2,vdi,iso,ploop.root-tar auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = glance password = glance flavor = keystone
b.配置镜像注册服务
# vim /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf [database]---配置数据库访问[用户名:密码@控制节点] connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:[email protected]/glance [keystone_authtoken]---配置身份服务访问 auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = glance password = glance [paste_deploy] flavor = keystone # grep ^[a-z] /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf sqlite_db = /var/lib/glance/glance.sqlite backend = sqlalchemy connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:[email protected]/glance auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = glance password = glance flavor = keystone
5.同步镜像服务数据库
# su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance
6.重启服务
# service glance-registry restart # service glance-api restart # service glance-registry status # service glance-api status
7.验证操作
使用 CirrOS 对镜像服务进行验证
CirrOS是一个小型的Linux镜像，可以用来进行 OpenStack部署测试。
a.获取管理员权限
# . admin-openrc
b.下载源镜像
# wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.5/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img
c.使用 QCOW2 磁盘格式， bare 容器格式上传镜像到镜像服务并设置公共可见
# openstack image create "cirros" --file cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --public +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+ | checksum | f8ab98ff5e73ebab884d80c9dc9c7290 | | container_format | bare | | created_at | 2017-03-29T05:57:56Z | | disk_format | qcow2 | | file | /v2/images/4b6ebd57-80ab-4b79-8ecc-53a026f3e898/file | | id | 4b6ebd57-80ab-4b79-8ecc-53a026f3e898 | | min_disk | 0 | | min_ram | 0 | | name | cirros | | owner | 2461396f6a344c21a2360a612d4f6abe | | protected | False | | schema | /v2/schemas/image | | size | 13267968 | | status | active | | tags | | | updated_at | 2017-03-29T05:57:56Z | | virtual_size | None | | visibility | public | +------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
d.确认镜像的上传并验证属性
# openstack image list +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+ | 4b6ebd57-80ab-4b79-8ecc-53a026f3e898 | cirros | active | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
五、配置 Neutron 网络服务【各节点皆要配置】
1.创建 neutron 数据库
# mysql MariaDB [(none)] CREATE DATABASE neutron; ##创建 neutron 数据库 ##对 neutron 数据库授权[用户名@控制节点...BY 密码] MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO ‘neutron‘@‘192.168.30.145‘ \ IDENTIFIED BY ‘neutron‘; MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO ‘neutron‘@‘%‘ \ IDENTIFIED BY ‘neutron‘; MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
2.获取管理员访问权限
# . admin-openrc
3.创建服务证书
a.创建 neutron 用户
# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 54cd9e72295c411090ea9f641cb02135 |
| name | neutron |
| options | {} |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
b.添加 admin 角色到 neutron 用户
# openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
c.创建 neutron 服务实体
# openstack service create --name neutron \ --description "OpenStack Networking" network +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | OpenStack Networking | | enabled | True | | id | 720687745d354718862255a56d7aea46 | | name | neutron | | type | network | +-------------+----------------------------------+
d.创建 neutron 服务API端点
# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \ network public http://192.168.30.145:9696 +--------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | a9b1b5b8fbb842a8b14a9cecca7a58a8 | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 720687745d354718862255a56d7aea46 | | service_name | neutron | | service_type | network | | url | http://192.168.30.145:9696 | +--------------+----------------------------------+ # openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \ network internal http://192.168.30.145:9696 +--------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 61e2c14b0c8f4003a7099012e9a6331f | | interface | internal | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 720687745d354718862255a56d7aea46 | | service_name | neutron | | service_type | network | | url | http://192.168.30.145:9696 | +--------------+----------------------------------+ # openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \ network admin http://192.168.30.145:9696 +--------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 6719539759c34487bd519c0dffb5509d | | interface | admin | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 720687745d354718862255a56d7aea46 | | service_name | neutron | | service_type | network | | url | http://192.168.30.145:9696 | +--------------+----------------------------------+
4.配置网络类型2:私有网络
a.安装组件
# apt -y install neutron-server neutron-plugin-ml2 \ neutron-linuxbridge-agent neutron-l3-agent neutron-dhcp-agent \ neutron-metadata-agent
b.配置 Neutron 组件
# vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf [database]----配置数据库访问[用户名:密码@控制节点] #connection = sqlite:////var/lib/neutron/neutron.sqlite connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:[email protected]/neutron [DEFAULT]----启用ML2插件、路由器服务和overlapping IP addresses core_plugin = ml2 service_plugins = router allow_overlapping_ips = true [DEFAULT]----配置 RabbitMQ 消息队列访问[用户名:密码@控制节点] transport_url = rabbit://openstack:[email protected] [DEFAULT]----配置认证服务访问 auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken]----配置认证服务访问 auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron [DEFAULT]----配置网络服务来通知计算节点的网络拓扑变化 notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true [nova]----配置网络服务来通知计算节点的网络拓扑变化 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = nova password = nova # grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/neutron.conf auth_strategy = keystone core_plugin = ml2 service_plugins = router allow_overlapping_ips = true notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true transport_url = rabbit://openstack:[email protected] root_helper = sudo /usr/bin/neutron-rootwrap /etc/neutron/rootwrap.conf connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:[email protected]/neutron auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron region_name = RegionOne auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 auth_type = password password = nova project_domain_name = default project_name = service user_domain_name = default username = nova
c.配置 Modular Layer 2 (ML2) 插件
ML2插件使用Linuxbridge机制来为实例创建layer－2虚拟网络基础设施
# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini [ml2]----启用flat，VLAN以及VXLAN网络 type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan [ml2]----启用VXLAN私有网络 tenant_network_types = vxlan [ml2]----启用Linuxbridge和layer－2机制 mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population [ml2]----启用端口安全扩展驱动 extension_drivers = port_security [ml2_type_flat]----配置公共虚拟网络为flat网络 flat_networks = provider [ml2_type_vxlan]----为私有网络配置VXLAN网络识别的网络范围 vni_ranges = 1:1000 [securitygroup]----启用 ipset 增加安全组规则的高效性 enable_ipset = true # grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan tenant_network_types = vxlan mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population extension_drivers = port_security flat_networks = provider vni_ranges = 1:1000 enable_ipset = true
注:Linuxbridge代理只支持VXLAN覆盖网络
d.配置Linuxbridge代理
Linuxbridge代理为实例建立layer－2虚拟网络并且处理安全组规则
# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini [linux_bridge]----对应公共虚拟网络和公共物理网络接口 physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens33 [vxlan]----启用VXLAN覆盖网络，配置覆盖网络的物理网络接口的IP地址，并启用layer－2 population enable_vxlan = true local_ip = 192.168.30.145 l2_population = true [securitygroup]----启用安全组并配置防火墙服务 enable_security_group = true firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver # grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens33 firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver enable_security_group = true enable_vxlan = true local_ip = 192.168.30.145 l2_population = true
e.配置layer－3代理
Layer-3代理为私有虚拟网络提供路由和NAT服务
# vim /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini [DEFAULT]----配置Linuxbridge接口驱动和外部网络网桥 interface_driver = linuxbridge # grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini interface_driver = linuxbridge
f.配置DHCP代理
DHCP代理为虚拟网络提供DHCP服务
# vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini [DEFAULT]----配置Linuxbridge驱动接口，DHCP驱动并启用隔离元数据 interface_driver = linuxbridge dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq enable_isolated_metadata = true # grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini interface_driver = linuxbridge dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq enable_isolated_metadata = true
g.配置元数据代理----负责提供配置信息
# vim /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini [DEFAULT]----配置元数据主机以及共享密码 nova_metadata_ip = 192.168.30.145 metadata_proxy_shared_secret = qaz123 # grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini nova_metadata_ip = 192.168.30.145 metadata_proxy_shared_secret = qaz123
5.在控制节点上为计算节点配置网络服务
# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [neutron]----配置访问参数，启用元数据代理并设置密码 url = http://192.168.30.145:9696 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron service_metadata_proxy = true metadata_proxy_shared_secret = qaz123 # grep ^[a-z] /etc/nova/nova.conf
6.完成安装
a.同步数据库
# su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \ --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron ...... OK
注:数据库的同步发生在 Networking 之后，因为脚本需要完成服务器和插件的配置文件
b.重启计算 API 服务
# service nova-api restart
c.重启 Networking 服务
对于两种网络类型:
# service neutron-server restart # service neutron-linuxbridge-agent restart # service neutron-dhcp-agent restart # service neutron-metadata-agent restart
对于网络类型 2 ，还需重启 L3 服务:
# service neutron-l3-agent restart
d.确认启动与否
# service nova-api status # service neutron-server status # service neutron-linuxbridge-agent status # service neutron-dhcp-agent status # service neutron-metadata-agent status # service neutron-l3-agent status
7.配置 Compute Node 的 Neutron 网络服务
# apt -y install neutron-linuxbridge-agent # vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf [database]----计算节点不直接访问数据库 #connection = sqlite:////var/lib/neutron/neutron.sqlite [DEFAULT]----配置 RabbitMQ 消息队列访问[用户名:密码@控制节点] transport_url = rabbit://openstack:[email protected] [DEFAULT]----配置认证服务访问 auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken]----配置认证服务访问 auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron # grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/neutron.conf auth_strategy = keystone core_plugin = ml2 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:[email protected] root_helper = sudo /usr/bin/neutron-rootwrap /etc/neutron/rootwrap.conf auth_uri = http://192.168.30.145:5000 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 memcached_servers = 192.168.30.145:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron
8.为计算节点配置网络服务
# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [neutron]----配置访问参数 url = http://192.168.30.145:9696 auth_url = http://192.168.30.145:35357 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = neutron password = neutron # grep ^[a-z] /etc/nova/nova.conf
9.完成安装
a.重启计算服务:
# service nova-compute restart # service nova-compute status
b.重启Linuxbridge代理:
# service neutron-linuxbridge-agent restart # service neutron-linuxbridge-agent status
10.在计算节点上配置网络类型2
配置Linuxbridge代理----为实例建立layer－2虚拟网络并且处理安全组规则
# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini [linux_bridge]----对应公共虚拟网络和公共物理网络接口 physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens33 [vxlan]----启用VXLAN覆盖网络，配置覆盖网络的物理网络接口的IP地址，启用layer－2 population enable_vxlan = true local_ip = 192.168.30.146 l2_population = true [securitygroup]----启用安全组并配置firewall_driver enable_security_group = true firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver # grep ^[a-z] /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini physical_interface_mappings = provider:ens33 firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver enable_security_group = true enable_vxlan = true local_ip = 192.168.30.146 l2_population = true
11.在控制节点上验证操作
a.获取管理员权限
# . admin-openrc
b.列出加载的扩展来验证 neutron-server 进程是否正常启动
# openstack extension list --network +----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+ | Name | Alias | Description | +----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+ | Default Subnetpools | default-subnetpools | Provides ability to mark | | | | and use a subnetpool as | | | | the default | | Network IP | network-ip- | Provides IP availability | | Availability | availability | data for each network | | | | and subnet. | | Network Availability |network_availability_z| Availability zone | | Zone | one | support for network. | | Auto Allocated | auto-allocated- | Auto Allocated Topology | | Topology Services | topology | Services. | | Neutron L3 | ext-gw-mode | Extension of the router | | Configurable external| | abstraction for | | gateway mode | | specifying whether SNAT | | | | should occur on the | | | | external gateway | | Port Binding | binding | Expose port bindings of | | | | a virtual port to | | | | external application | | agent | agent | The agent management | | | | extension. | | Subnet Allocation | subnet_allocation | Enables allocation of | | | | subnets from a subnet | | | | pool | | L3 Agent Scheduler | l3_agent_scheduler | Schedule routers among | | | | l3 agents | | Tag support | tag | Enables to set tag on | | | | resources. | | Neutron external | external-net | Adds external network | | network | | attribute to network | | | | resource. | | Neutron Service | flavors | Flavor specification for | | Flavors | | Neutron advanced | | | | services | | Network MTU | net-mtu | Provides MTU attribute | | | | for a network resource. | | Availability Zone | availability_zone | The availability zone | | | | extension. | | Quota management | quotas | Expose functions for | | support | | quotas management per | | | | tenant | | HA Router extension | l3-ha | Add HA capability to | | | | routers. | | Provider Network | provider | Expose mapping of | | | | virtual networks to | | | | physical networks | |Multi Provider Network| multi-provider | Expose mapping of | | | | virtual networks to | | | | multiple physical | | | | networks | | Address scope | address-scope | Address scopes | | | | extension. | | Neutron Extra Route | extraroute | Extra routes | | | | configuration for L3 | | | | router | | Subnet service types | subnet-service-types | Provides ability to set | | | | the subnet service_types | | | | field | | Resource timestamps | standard-attr- | Adds created_at and | | | timestamp | updated_at fields to all | | | | Neutron resources that | | | | have Neutron standard | | | | attributes. | | Neutron Service Type | service-type | API for retrieving | | Management | | service providers for | | | | Neutron advanced | | | | services | | Router Flavor | l3-flavors | Flavor support for | | Extension | | routers. | | Port Security | port-security | Provides port security | | Neutron Extra DHCP | extra_dhcp_opt | Extra options | | opts | | configuration for DHCP. | | | | For example PXE boot | | | | options to DHCP clients | | | | can be specified (e.g. | | | | tftp-server, server-ip- | | | | address, bootfile-name) | | Resource revision | standard-attr- | This extension will | | numbers | revisions | display the revision | | | | number of neutron | | | | resources. | | Pagination support | pagination | Extension that indicates | | | | that pagination is | | | | enabled. | | Sorting support | sorting | Extension that indicates | | | | that sorting is enabled. | | security-group | security-group | The security groups | | | | extension. | | DHCP Agent Scheduler | dhcp_agent_scheduler | Schedule networks among | | | | dhcp agents | | Router Availability |router_availability_zo| Availability zone | | Zone | ne | support for router. | | RBAC Policies | rbac-policies | Allows creation and | | | | modification of policies | | | | that control tenant | | | | access to resources. | | Tag support for | tag-ext | Extends tag support to | | resources: subnet, | | more L2 and L3 | | subnetpool, port, | | resources. | | router | | | | standard-attr- | standard-attr- | Extension to add | | description | description | descriptions to standard | | | | attributes | | Neutron L3 Router | router | Router abstraction for | | | | basic L3 forwarding | | | | between L2 Neutron | | | | networks and access to | | | | external networks via a | | | | NAT gateway. | | Allowed Address Pairs| allowed-address-pairs| Provides allowed address | | | | pairs | | project_id field | project-id | Extension that indicates | | enabled | | that project_id field is | | | | enabled. | | Distributed Virtual | dvr | Enables configuration of | | Router | | Distributed Virtual | | | | Routers. | +----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+
c.启动 neutron 代理验证是否成功
# neutron agent-list +--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+ | id | agent_type | host | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+ | 23601054-312a-497c-b728-4b791ce76e64 | L3 agent | controller | | 9a7546d9-73ec-47e0-ab23-ca2a5366660f | Linux bridge agent | controller | | acd42d89-1af4-413f-be77-3172d38a805d | Metadata agent | controller | | b438ae93-aaf3-41f0-a7b7-d1502a1986c9 | DHCP agent | controller | | e1d32b6b-07c6-468b-965d-ce9dfd09b338 | Linux bridge agent | compute | +--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+ +-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+ | availability_zone | alive | admin_state_up | binary | +-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+ | nova | :-) | True | neutron-l3-agent | | | :-) | True | neutron-linuxbridge-agent | | | :-) | True | neutron-metadata-agent | | nova | :-) | True | neutron-dhcp-agent | | | :-) | True | neutron-linuxbridge-agent | +-------------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
时间： 2024-11-03 03:47:29