Azure基于ARM的RBAC

RBAC是Role Based Access Control是基于角色的接入控制的简称。在Azure推出ARM以后，对Azure各种资源的管理粒度已经非常细致，使得RBAC成为可能。

通过RBAC可以非常方便的给不同的用户分配不同的资源的不同权限。

本文将以一个最通用的例子来介绍如何给一个用户分配相关的权限。

一需求

用户vmops只能对资源组1的虚拟机和资源组2的特定虚拟机进行开、关机或重启的动作。其他所有操作权限都没有。

二实现

1 创建用户

在Azure的老Portal上创建创建用户[email protected]

2 确定可以访问的资源

vmops这个用户可以操作的资源有：

Subscription 1中的VM

Subscription 2中的Resource Group 1

Subscription 2中的Resource Group 2中的VM 1

可以进行的操作有：

Start、restart、powerOff、Deallocate

3 通过PowerShell进行相关配置

A 首先需要得到VM可以操作的动作：

Get-AzureRMProviderOperation Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/* | ft operation

WARNING: The output object type of this cmdlet will be modified in a future release.

Operation

---------

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/read

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/write

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/delete

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/start/action

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/powerOff/action

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/redeploy/action

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/restart/action

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/deallocate/action

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/generalize/action

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/capture/action

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/vmSizes/read

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/instanceView/read

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/extensions/read

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/extensions/write

Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/extensions/delete

B 获取三种资源的ID

1 subscription ID

Get-AzureRmSubscription | ft SubscriptionID

SubscriptionId

--------------

$Sub1

$Sub2

2 Subscription 2 中的Resouce Group ID

Get-AzureRmResourceGroup | ft ResourceId

ResourceId

----------

/subscriptions/$Sub1/resourceGroups/hwnosql

/subscriptions/$Sub1/resourceGroups/hwiscsi

其中

3 hwiscsi中vm1的Id

get-azurermvm -ResourceGroupName hwiscsi | ft id

/subscriptions/$Sub1/resourceGroups/hwiscsi/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/hwiscsi01

/subscriptions/$Sub1/resourceGroups/hwiscsi/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/hwiscsi02

/subscriptions/$Sub1/resourceGroups/hwiscsi/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/hwiscsiwin

C 定义新的Role

首先获得已有的Role的类型

Get-AzureRmRoleDefinition | ft name

Name

----

API Management Service Contributor

Application Insights Component Contributor

BizTalk Contributor

Classic Network Contributor

Classic Storage Account Contributor

Classic Virtual Machine Contributor

ClearDB MySQL DB Contributor

Contributor

Data Factory Contributor

DocumentDB Account Contributor

Intelligent Systems Account Contributor

Network Contributor

New Relic APM Account Contributor

Owner

Reader

Redis Cache Contributor

Scheduler Job Collections Contributor

Search Service Contributor

SQL DB Contributor

SQL Security Manager

SQL Server Contributor

Storage Account Contributor

User Access Administrator

Virtual Machine Contributor

Web Plan Contributor

Website Contributor

本方案通过Virtual Machine Contributor的模板修改。

#获取"Virtual Machine Contributor"配置

$role
=
Get-AzureRmRoleDefinition
"Virtual Machine Contributor"

$role.Id = $null

$role.Name =
"Virtual Machine Operator"

$role.Description =
"Can monitor and start stop or restart virtual machines."

$role.Actions.Clear()

#添加周边资源读的权限

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Storage/*/read")

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Network/*/read")

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Compute/*/read")

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Authorization/*/read")

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Resources/subscriptions/resourceGroups/read")

#添加VM相关的操作权限

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/start/action")

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/restart/action")

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/powerOff/action")

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/deallocate/action")

$role.Actions.Add("Microsoft.Insights/alertRules/*")

#把两个Subscription加入到这个Role管理范围中

$role.AssignableScopes.Clear()

$role.AssignableScopes.Add("/subscriptions/$Sub1")

$role.AssignableScopes.Add("/subscriptions/$Sub2")

#添加角色

New-AzureRmRoleDefinition
-Role
$role

New-AzureRmRoleDefinition -Role $role

Name : Virtual Machine Operator

Id : 55aca895-61dc-4162-b7a6-fbab532d14a2

IsCustom : True

Description : Can monitor and start stop or restart virtual machines.

Actions : {Microsoft.Storage/*/read, Microsoft.Network/*/read, Microsoft.Compute/*/read, Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/start/action...}

NotActions : {}

AssignableScopes : {/subscriptions/$Sub1}

D 给用户分配权限

New-AzureRmRoleAssignment
-SignInName
[email protected]
-Scope
/subscriptions/$Sub1/resourceGroups/hwnosql
-RoleDefinitionName
"Virtual Machine Operator"

New-AzureRmRoleAssignment
-SignInName
[email protected]
-Scope
/subscriptions/$Sub1/resourceGroups/hwiscsi/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/hwiscsiwin
-RoleDefinitionName
"Virtual Machine Operator"

New-AzureRmRoleAssignment
-SignInName
[email protected]
-Scope
/subscriptions/$Sub2
-RoleDefinitionName
"Virtual Machine Operator"

通过用户登陆Portal后，可以对定义过的资源进行管理，但对没有权限的资源不能进行管理。

下图显示，ResourceGroup nosql中的VM可以被管理，但只能操作定义过的权限，比如Stop VM