import requests print(dir(requests)) # 1、方法 # [‘ConnectTimeout‘, ‘ConnectionError‘, ‘DependencyWarning‘, ‘FileModeWarning‘, ‘HTTPError‘, ‘NullHandler‘, ‘PreparedRequest‘, ‘ReadTimeout‘, ‘Request‘, ‘RequestException‘, ‘RequestsDependencyWarning‘, ‘Response‘, ‘Session‘, ‘Timeout‘, ‘TooManyRedirects‘, ‘URLRequired‘, ‘__author__‘, ‘__author_email__‘, ‘__build__‘, ‘__builtins__‘, ‘__cached__‘, ‘__cake__‘, ‘__copyright__‘, ‘__description__‘, ‘__doc__‘, ‘__file__‘, ‘__license__‘, ‘__loader__‘, ‘__name__‘, ‘__package__‘, ‘__path__‘, ‘__spec__‘, ‘__title__‘, ‘__url__‘, ‘__version__‘, ‘_check_cryptography‘, ‘_internal_utils‘, ‘adapters‘, ‘api‘, ‘auth‘, ‘certs‘, ‘chardet‘, ‘check_compatibility‘, ‘codes‘, ‘compat‘, ‘cookies‘, ‘delete‘, ‘exceptions‘, ‘get‘, ‘head‘, ‘hooks‘, ‘logging‘, ‘models‘, ‘options‘, ‘packages‘, ‘patch‘, ‘post‘, ‘put‘, ‘request‘, ‘session‘, ‘sessions‘, ‘status_codes‘, ‘structures‘, ‘urllib3‘, ‘utils‘, ‘warnings‘] # 2、参数 requests.get( url="http://www.baidu.com", headers="", cookies="", params={"k1":"v1","k2":"v2"}, # url中传递的参数,效果如下 # http://www.baidu.com?k1=v1&k2=v2 ) requests.post( url="", headers="", cookies="", data={ }, params={"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2"}, # url中传递的参数,效果如下 # http://www.baidu.com?k1=v1&k2=v2 ) # 我们可以通过data传递请求体,也可以通过json传递请求体 data = { "username":"admin", "pwd":"admin" }, # 则请求体中的数据为username=admin&pwd=admin # 参数json json = { "username":"admin", "pwd":"admin" }, # 则请求体中的数据为{"username":"admin","pwd":"admin"} # 参数代理 # 定义一个字典 proxies = { "http":"61.24.25.21", "https":"http://65.21.24.1" } # http请求走http对应的地址,https请求走https对应的地址,在访问的请求中加一个proxies的参数 l1 = requests.get(url="https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html", headers={ "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36" }, proxies = proxies ) # 给代理加认证 from requests.auth import HTTPProxyAuth proxies = { "http":"61.24.25.21", "https":"http://65.21.24.1" } auth = HTTPProxyAuth("username","passwd") # http请求走http对应的地址,https请求走https对应的地址,在访问的请求中加一个proxies的参数,在加一个参数auth,这个是登陆代理的用户名和密码 l2 = requests.get(url="https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html", headers={ "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36" }, proxies = proxies, auth = auth ) # 参数文件上传,post方法发送请求,传递一个file的参数 file= { "f1":open("a.txt","rb") } l3 = requests.post(url="https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html", headers={ "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36" }, proxies = proxies, auth = auth, file = file ) # 可以设置上传文件的名称,前面的例子上传的文件的名称就是文件本身的名称 file= { "f1":("new_file_name",open("a.txt","rb")) } l4 = requests.post(url="https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html", headers={ "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36" }, proxies = proxies, auth = auth, file = file ) # 参数认证 from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth from requests.auth import HTTPDigestAuth l5 = requests.get(url="https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html", headers={ "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36" }, proxies = proxies, auth = HTTPBasicAuth("admin","admin") ) # 超时参数 l6 = requests.get(url="https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html", headers={ "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36" }, timeout = 2 ) # 超时时间为2s,2s连不上返回错误 # 允许重定向 l7 = requests.get(url="https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html", headers={ "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36" }, allow_redirects = False ) # stream大文件下载的参数,把文件一点一点的下载,如果这个值为false,则全部写到内存中了 from contextlib import closing with closing(requests.get("http://ddddddd",stream=True)) as f: for i in f.iter_content(): print(i) # cert,证书参数,告诉request去这个地方去下载cert l8 = requests.get(url="https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html",cert="xxx/xxx/xxx/xxx/pem") l9 = requests.get(url="https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html",cert=("xxx/xxx/xxx/xxx/pem","yyy/yyy/yyy.key")) # session,为我们自动带上cookies和请求头 import requests session = requests.session() i1 = session.get(url="") i2 = session.post( url="", data={} ) i3 = session.post()
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/bainianminguo/p/10674396.html
时间: 2024-10-25 22:08:18