环境的说明：
MASTER: 物理ip:192.168.1.102 vip:192.168.1.106
BACKUP: 物理ip:192.168.1.103 vip:192.168.1.107
Realsever1： 物理ip:192.168.1.104
Realsever2： 物理ip:192.168.1.105
1、Keepalived的安装(主和备的安装方式一样)
tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.15.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make
make install
2、keepalived的配置
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
mkdir /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
keepalived的master配置文件(基于url检查RS的存活
more /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_MASTER
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
lvs_sync_daemon_interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 150
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.106
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.106 80 {
delay_loop 3
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.104 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check.html
digest eff5bc1ef8ec9d03e640fc4370f5eacd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.1.105 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check.html
digest eff5bc1ef8ec9d03e640fc4370f5eacd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
lvs_sync_daemon_interface eth0
virtual_router_id 52
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 2222
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.107
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.107 80 {
delay_loop 3
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.104 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check.html
digest eff5bc1ef8ec9d03e640fc4370f5eacd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.1.105 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check.html
digest eff5bc1ef8ec9d03e640fc4370f5eacd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
keepalived的backup配置文件(基于url检查RS的存活)
more /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_BACKUP
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth1
lvs_sync_daemon_interface eth1
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.106
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.106 80 {
delay_loop 3
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.104 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check.html
digest eff5bc1ef8ec9d03e640fc4370f5eacd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.1.105 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check.html
digest eff5bc1ef8ec9d03e640fc4370f5eacd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state MASTER
interface eth1
lvs_sync_daemon_interface eth1
virtual_router_id 52
priority 150
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 2222
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.107
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.107 80 {
delay_loop 3
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.104 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check.html
digest eff5bc1ef8ec9d03e640fc4370f5eacd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.1.105 80 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /check.html
digest eff5bc1ef8ec9d03e640fc4370f5eacd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
注意：黄色标记的是master和backup的不同之处
在主备启动keepalived
/etc/init.d/keepalived start
3、lvs的安装(主备相同)
tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz
cd ipvsadm-1.26
ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-504.8.1.el6.i686/ /usr/src/linux
注意：如果在/usr/src/kernels/下面没有相关的内核版本，是因为没有安装kernels-dev的安装包导致的，安装之后就好了.
make
make install
4、RS机器的相关配置(手动配置)
a）抑制arp广播
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
b) 在lo配置虚拟2个vip地址
/sbin/ifconfig lo:1 192.168.1.106 netmask 255.255.255.255 up
/sbin/ifconfig lo:1 192.168.1.107 netmask 255.255.255.255 up
C)自动配置相关的脚本
#!/bin/bash
#
# lvsdrrs init script to hide loopback interfaces on LVS-DR
# Real servers. Modify this script to suit
# your needs. You at least need to set the correct VIP address(es).
#
# Script to start LVS DR real server.
#
# chkconfig: 2345 20 80
# description: LVS DR real server
#
# You must set the VIP address to use here:
#指定虚拟IP
VIP=222.76.222.70
host=`/bin/hostname`
case "$1" in
start)
# Start LVS-DR real server on this machine.
/sbin/ifconfig lo down
/sbin/ifconfig lo up
#修改相关内核参数：
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 up
/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
;;
stop)
# Stop LVS-DR real server loopback device(s).
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
;;
status)
# Status of LVS-DR real server.
islothere=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 | grep $VIP`
isrothere=`netstat -rn | grep "lo" | grep $VIP`
if [ ! "$islothere" -o ! "$isrothere" ];then
# Either the route or the lo:0 device
# not found.
echo "LVS-DR real server Stopped."
else
echo "LVS-DR Running."
fi
;;
*)
# Invalid entry.
echo "$0: Usage: $0 {start|status|stop}"
exit 1
;;
esac
d) 安装httpd服务并且创建测试页面
由于httpd的安装非常简单这里不做叙述了，在RS2台机器上创建2个不同的测试页面用于查看到负载的效果。
RS1： 192.168.1.104 RS1
RS2： 192.168.1.105 RS2
5、高可用和负载均衡的相关测试
在主备服务器通过ip add命令查看vip是否存在
然后通过浏览器访问vip看是否可以正常打开网页内容
通过以上的测试可以看出来，lvs的负载均衡的功能已经实现。
其他的测试如下：
1、停止主备的keepalived，看vip是否可以正常切换到对方，并且在浏览器可以正常的访问到页面。
2、关掉RS1或者RS2的httpd服务，看下ipvadmin是否正常的剔除了有故障服务器。
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~end~~~~~~~~~~~~~
原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/wuhui1994/2068864