目前线上使用的是nagios监控，但是最近有监控交换机流量并且能够图像化监控的需求，虽然nagios能够实现监控但在画图方面无法满足需求，而mrtg画出的图无法满足我们自由查看某个时间段流量的需求；所以我们还是果断使用cacti吧，既能够完美画图，也符合我们日后nagios和cacti整合，以实现更细致的监控，下面就来了解下吧。
一.利用yum来安装lamp环境。
1.安装mysql-5.6数据库
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm [[email protected] ~]# yum install mysql-community-server [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa |grep mysql mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch mysql-community-libs-compat-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64 mysql-community-libs-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64 mysql-community-client-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64 mysql-community-server-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64 php-mysql-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64 mysql-community-common-5.6.22-2.el6.x86_64
2.安装apache
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install httpd [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa |grep httpd httpd-tools-2.2.15-39.el6.centos.x86_64 httpd-2.2.15-39.el6.centos.x86_64
3.安装php
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install php php-mysql^C [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa |grep php php-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64 php-gd-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64 php-common-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64 php-cli-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64 php-mysql-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64 php-pdo-5.3.3-40.el6_6.x86_64
4.安装需要的库文件
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install zlib [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install freetype [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libjpeg [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install fontconfig [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install gd [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install libxml2 [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install zlib freetype libjpeg fontconfig gd libxml2 php-gd
二.安装rrd工具
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install rrdtool rrdtool-devel [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa |grep rrd rrdtool-1.3.8-7.el6.x86_64 rrdtool-devel-1.3.8-7.el6.x86_64
三.安装并配置监控需要的snmp工具
1.安装
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install net-snmp net-snmp-devel net-snmp-utils [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa |grep net-snmp net-snmp-libs-5.5-50.el6_6.1.x86_64 net-snmp-devel-5.5-50.el6_6.1.x86_64 net-snmp-5.5-50.el6_6.1.x86_64 net-snmp-utils-5.5-50.el6_6.1.x86_64
2.配置snmp
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf com2sec notConfigUser default public 改为：com2sec notConfigUser 127.0.0.1 public access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none 改为：access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none #view all included .1 80 去掉注释
以上完成后启动相关服务
[[email protected] ~]# service httpd start [[email protected] ~]# service mysqld start [[email protected] ~]# service snmpd start
四.安装并配置cacti
1.安装cacti
[[email protected] ~]# wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-0.8.7e.tar.gz -P /usr/local/src [[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src [[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.7e.tar.gz [[email protected] ~]# mv cacti-0.8.7e /var/html/www/cacti
2.配置mysql
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -u root mysql> create database cacti; grant all on cacti.* to [email protected] identified by 'cacti'; grant all on cacti.* to [email protected] identified by 'cacti'; use cacti； source /var/www/html/cacti/cacti.sql; #创建相关表 flush privileges;
在执行cacti.sql时报错:ERROR 1064 : You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ‘TYPE=MyISAM’ at line 6.
这是由于mysql查询语句写法TYPE=MyISAM太老了，在mysql5.5上已经被禁用，将安装程序的TYPE=MyISAM全部改成ENGINE=MyISAM即可。
3.配置cacti
[[email protected] ~]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php $database_type = "mysql"; $database_default = "cacti"; $database_hostname = "localhost"; $database_username = "cacti"; $database_password = "cacti"; $database_port = "3306";
4.设置相关权限
useradd cacti -d /var/www/html/cacti -s /bin/false chown -R cacti /var/www/html/cacti/rra /var/www/html/cacti/log
5.设置计划任务
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/crontab */5 * * * * root /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1
五.初始化cacti
1.访问http://192.168.3.133/cacti
2.直接点击next
3.直接点击next
4.直接点击finish
5.输入默认用户名admin 密码admin，进入后需要先重新修改密码
6.ok，已经进入页面，我们点击左上角的“graphs”,会出现监控的坐标轴。
注：若没有出现坐标轴或是出现"X"图片无法显示，则需要查看apache错误日志，或直接运行/usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php ，查看报错内容，主要是由于php版本过高导致，需要修改下源代码以适应新版本的语法。
(1)查看错误日志PHP Warning: date(): It is not safe to rely on the system‘s timezone settings
vim /etc/php.ini
date.timezone =‘Asia/Shanghai‘
(2)直接运行/usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php报错PHP Deprecated: Assigning the return value of new by reference is deprecated in /var/www/html/cacti/lib/adodb/adodb.inc.php on line 866
vim /var/www/html/cacti/lib/adodb/adodb.inc.php 由于php5.3不支持“=&”，将所有的“=&”改为“=”
(3)日志报错PHP Deprecated: Function split() is deprecated in /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php on line 77
还是由于版本的问题
vim /etc/php.ini
; error_reporting ; Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE ; Development Value: E_ALL | E_STRICT ; Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED
修改完后重启apache即可，来看下图像是否全都显示。