basic ,fundamental ,extreme ,utmost和radical.区别

basic 普通用词,指明确、具体的基础或起点.
fundamental 书面用词,不如basic使用广泛,侧重指作为基础、根本的抽象的事物.
radical 着重指事物的根本或其来源.
下面是extreme和utmost的区别:
二者都具备两种词性:形容词和名词.下面分别就这两种词性情况来考察一下这两个词:
1.在作形容词的时候,utmost的意思是greatest; furthest; most extreme,即最大的; 最远的; 极度的,例如:in the utmost danger 在极端的危险中,of the utmost importance 极重要的,with the utmost care 极其小心.extreme也有类似的意思,表示程度或强度最高的; 最大可能的; 极度的,例如:show extreme patience,kindness,gentleness,etc 表现出极为耐心﹑ 和蔼﹑ 温柔等.而此二者作形容词时候的区别就在于,extreme一词除了有以上意思外,还有一个utmost所没有的意思:(of people and their opinions) far from moderate,即(指人和意见)偏激的,极端的,是一种贬义的用法,例如:hold extreme views 持偏激观点
2.在作名词的时候,utmost的意思是the greatest,furthest or most extreme degree or point,etcthat is possible,即最大限度; 极限,例如:enjoy oneself to the utmost 尽情享乐.extreme也有类似的意思,表示greatest or highest degree; either end of anything,即最大程度; 最高程度; 极端,例如:He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert.他忍受不住沙漠的酷热.若要说此二者作名词时候的最大差别,在于extreme是一个可数名词,在句中一般以extremes的复数形式出现;而utmost尽管也是可数名词,但在句中通常只能用单数,以the utmost的形式出现.

时间: 2024-10-03 19:57:08

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