1、将阅读量的代码封装在一个app中，增加扩展性
新建app：
python manage.py startapp read_statistics
2、变化的部分
3、上代码
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import BlogType, Blog
# Register your models here.
@admin.register(BlogType)
class BlogTypeAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘id‘, ‘type_name‘) # 需要显示的列表
@admin.register(Blog)
class BlogAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘title‘, ‘blog_type‘, ‘author‘, ‘get_read_num‘, ‘created_time‘, ‘last_updated_time‘)
blog下的admin.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from ckeditor_uploader.fields import RichTextUploadingField
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from read_statistics.models import ReadNum, ReadNumExpandMethod
# Create your models here.
# 博客分类
class BlogType(models.Model):
type_name = models.CharField(max_length=15) # 博客分类名称
def __str__(self): # 显示标签名
return self.type_name
# 博客
class Blog(models.Model, ReadNumExpandMethod):
title = models.CharField(max_length=50) # 博客标题
blog_type = models.ForeignKey(BlogType, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING) # 博客分类
content = RichTextUploadingField() # 博客内容，使用富文本编辑
author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING) # 博客作者
created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) # 博客创建时间
last_updated_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True) # 博客更新事件
def __str__(self): # 显示标题名
return "<Blog:{}>".format(self.title)
class Meta:
ordering = [‘-created_time‘] # 定义排序规则，按照创建时间倒序
blog下的models.py
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404
from .models import Blog, BlogType
from django.core.paginator import Paginator
from django.conf import settings
from django.db.models import Count
from read_statistics.utils import read_statistics_once_read
# 分页部分公共代码
def blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list):
paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, settings.EACH_PAGE_BLOGS_NUMBER) # 第一个参数是全部内容，第二个是每页多少
page_num = requests.GET.get(‘page‘, 1) # 获取url的页面参数（get请求）
page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num) # 从分页器中获取指定页码的内容
current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 获取当前页
all_pages = paginator.num_pages
if all_pages < 5:
page_range = list(
range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1),
min(all_pages + 1, current_page_num + 3))) # 获取需要显示的页码 并且剔除不符合条件的页码
else:
if current_page_num <= 2:
page_range = range(1, 5 + 1)
elif current_page_num >= all_pages - 2:
page_range = range(all_pages - 4, paginator.num_pages + 1)
else:
page_range = list(
range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1),
min(all_pages + 1, current_page_num + 3))) # 获取需要显示的页码 并且剔除不符合条件的页码
blog_dates = Blog.objects.dates(‘created_time‘, ‘month‘, order=‘DESC‘)
blog_dates_dict = {}
for blog_date in blog_dates:
blog_count = Blog.objects.filter(created_time__year=blog_date.year, created_time__month=blog_date.month).count()
blog_dates_dict = {
blog_date: blog_count
}
return {
‘blogs‘: page_of_blogs.object_list,
‘page_of_blogs‘: page_of_blogs,
‘blog_types‘: BlogType.objects.annotate(blog_count=Count(‘blog‘)), # 添加查询并添加字段
‘page_range‘: page_range,
‘blog_dates‘: blog_dates_dict
}
# 博客列表
def blog_list(requests):
blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all() # 获取全部博客
context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list)
return render_to_response(‘blog/blog_list.html‘, context)
# 根据类型筛选
def blogs_with_type(requests, blog_type_pk):
blog_type = get_object_or_404(BlogType, pk=blog_type_pk)
blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(blog_type=blog_type) # 获取全部博客
context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list)
context[‘blog_type‘] = blog_type
return render_to_response(‘blog/blog_with_type.html‘, context)
# 根据日期筛选
def blogs_with_date(requests, year, month):
blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(created_time__year=year, created_time__month=month) # 获取全部博客
context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list)
context[‘blogs_with_date‘] = ‘{}年{}日‘.format(year, month)
return render_to_response(‘blog/blog_with_date.html‘, context)
# 博客详情
def blog_detail(requests, blog_pk):
blog = get_object_or_404(Blog, pk=blog_pk)
obj_key = read_statistics_once_read(requests, blog)
context = {
‘blog‘: blog,
‘previous_blog‘: Blog.objects.filter(created_time__gt=blog.created_time).last(),
‘next_blog‘: Blog.objects.filter(created_time__lt=blog.created_time).first(),
}
response = render_to_response(‘blog/blog_detail.html‘, context)
response.set_cookie(obj_key, ‘true‘)
return response
blog下的views.py
"""
Django settings for myblog project.
Generated by ‘django-admin startproject‘ using Django 2.1.3.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/
"""
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = ‘ea+kzo_5k^[email protected]([email protected]*+w5d11=0mp1p5ngr‘
# SECURITY WARNING: don‘t run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
‘django.contrib.admin‘,
‘django.contrib.auth‘,
‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
‘django.contrib.messages‘,
‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,
‘ckeditor‘,
‘ckeditor_uploader‘,
‘blog.apps.BlogConfig‘, # 将自己创建的app添加到设置中
‘read_statistics.apps.ReadStatisticsConfig‘, # 注册阅读统计app
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
‘django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware‘,
‘django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware‘,
‘django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware‘,
‘django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware‘,
‘django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware‘,
‘django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware‘,
‘django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware‘,
‘blog.middleware.mymiddleware.My404‘, # 添加自己的中间件
]
ROOT_URLCONF = ‘myblog.urls‘
TEMPLATES = [
{
‘BACKEND‘: ‘django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates‘,
‘DIRS‘: [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘templates‘),
],
‘APP_DIRS‘: True,
‘OPTIONS‘: {
‘context_processors‘: [
‘django.template.context_processors.debug‘,
‘django.template.context_processors.request‘,
‘django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth‘,
‘django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages‘,
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = ‘myblog.wsgi.application‘
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
# ‘default‘: {
# ‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.sqlite3‘,
# ‘NAME‘: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘db.sqlite3‘),
# }
‘default‘: {
‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.mysql‘,
‘NAME‘: ‘myblogs‘, # 要连接的数据库，连接前需要创建好
‘USER‘: ‘root‘, # 连接数据库的用户名
‘PASSWORD‘: ‘felixwang‘, # 连接数据库的密码
‘HOST‘: ‘127.0.0.1‘, # 连接主机，默认本级
‘PORT‘: 3306 # 端口 默认3306
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
‘NAME‘: ‘django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator‘,
},
{
‘NAME‘: ‘django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator‘,
},
{
‘NAME‘: ‘django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator‘,
},
{
‘NAME‘: ‘django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator‘,
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/
# LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘en-us‘
# 语言
LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘zh-hans‘
# TIME_ZONE = ‘UTC‘
# 时区
TIME_ZONE = ‘Asia/Shanghai‘
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
# 不考虑时区
USE_TZ = False
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = ‘/static/‘
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static")
]
# media
MEDIA_URL = ‘/media/‘
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘media‘)
# 配置ckeditor
CKEDITOR_UPLOAD_PATH = ‘upload/‘
# 自定义参数
EACH_PAGE_BLOGS_NUMBER = 7
settings.py
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import ReadNum
# Register your models here.
@admin.register(ReadNum)
class ReadNumAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = (‘read_num‘, ‘content_object‘)
read_statistics下的admin.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.contenttypes.fields import GenericForeignKey
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from django.db.models.fields import exceptions
# Create your models here.
# 使用到了contenttype 参考网址：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/contrib/contenttypes/
class ReadNum(models.Model):
read_num = models.IntegerField(default=0) # 阅读量
content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField()
content_object = GenericForeignKey(‘content_type‘, ‘object_id‘)
def __str__(self):
return str(self.read_num)
# 阅读计数扩展方法
class ReadNumExpandMethod:
def get_read_num(self): # 获取一对一关联的阅读数
try:
ct = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(self)
readnum = ReadNum.objects.get(content_type=ct, object_id=self.pk)
return readnum.read_num
except exceptions.ObjectDoesNotExist as e:
return 0
read_statistics下的models.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 18-11-17 下午10:03
# @Author : Felix Wang
from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
from read_statistics.models import ReadNum
def read_statistics_once_read(requests, obj):
ct = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(obj)
key = ‘{}_{}_read‘.format(ct.model, obj.pk)
# 获取并处理阅读计数
if not requests.COOKIES.get(key):
if ReadNum.objects.filter(content_type=ct, object_id=obj.pk).count():
readnum = ReadNum.objects.get(content_type=ct, object_id=obj.pk)
else:
readnum = ReadNum(content_type=ct, object_id=obj.pk)
# 处理阅读量
readnum.read_num += 1
readnum.save()
return key
read_statistics下的utils.py
4、封装和优化了之前的代码
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404from .models import Blog, BlogTypefrom django.core.paginator import Paginatorfrom django.conf import settingsfrom django.db.models import Countfrom read_statistics.utils import read_statistics_once_read
# 分页部分公共代码def blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list): paginator = Paginator(blogs_all_list, settings.EACH_PAGE_BLOGS_NUMBER) # 第一个参数是全部内容，第二个是每页多少page_num = requests.GET.get(‘page‘, 1) # 获取url的页面参数（get请求）page_of_blogs = paginator.get_page(page_num) # 从分页器中获取指定页码的内容
current_page_num = page_of_blogs.number # 获取当前页all_pages = paginator.num_pages if all_pages < 5: page_range = list( range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1),min(all_pages + 1, current_page_num + 3))) # 获取需要显示的页码 并且剔除不符合条件的页码else: if current_page_num <= 2: page_range = range(1, 5 + 1) elif current_page_num >= all_pages - 2: page_range = range(all_pages - 4, paginator.num_pages + 1) else: page_range = list( range(max(current_page_num - 2, 1),min(all_pages + 1, current_page_num + 3))) # 获取需要显示的页码 并且剔除不符合条件的页码
blog_dates = Blog.objects.dates(‘created_time‘, ‘month‘, order=‘DESC‘) blog_dates_dict = {} for blog_date in blog_dates: blog_count = Blog.objects.filter(created_time__year=blog_date.year, created_time__month=blog_date.month).count() blog_dates_dict = { blog_date: blog_count }
return { ‘blogs‘: page_of_blogs.object_list,‘page_of_blogs‘: page_of_blogs,‘blog_types‘: BlogType.objects.annotate(blog_count=Count(‘blog‘)), # 添加查询并添加字段‘page_range‘: page_range,‘blog_dates‘: blog_dates_dict }
# 博客列表def blog_list(requests): blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.all() # 获取全部博客context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list) return render_to_response(‘blog/blog_list.html‘, context)
# 根据类型筛选def blogs_with_type(requests, blog_type_pk): blog_type = get_object_or_404(BlogType, pk=blog_type_pk) blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(blog_type=blog_type) # 获取全部博客context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list) context[‘blog_type‘] = blog_type return render_to_response(‘blog/blog_with_type.html‘, context)
# 根据日期筛选def blogs_with_date(requests, year, month): blogs_all_list = Blog.objects.filter(created_time__year=year, created_time__month=month) # 获取全部博客context = blog_list_common_data(requests, blogs_all_list) context[‘blogs_with_date‘] = ‘{}年{}日‘.format(year, month) return render_to_response(‘blog/blog_with_date.html‘, context)
# 博客详情def blog_detail(requests, blog_pk): blog = get_object_or_404(Blog, pk=blog_pk) obj_key = read_statistics_once_read(requests, blog)
context = { ‘blog‘: blog,‘previous_blog‘: Blog.objects.filter(created_time__gt=blog.created_time).last(),‘next_blog‘: Blog.objects.filter(created_time__lt=blog.created_time).first(),} response = render_to_response(‘blog/blog_detail.html‘, context) response.set_cookie(obj_key, ‘true‘)
return response
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/felixwang2/p/9976094.html
时间： 2024-10-12 21:07:18