1、介绍
Jacob 是Java-COM Bridge的缩写,它在Java与微软的COM组件之间构建一座桥梁。使用Jacob自带的DLL动态链接库,并通过JNI的方式实现了在Java平台上对COM程序的调用。至于什么是COM组件,大家自己Google吧。
2、安装和配置
Jacob是一个开源软件,它的官方站点是:http://danadler.com/jacob/ 大家可以到上面下载源代码研究,也可以直接下载编译后的二进制文件。
下载包jacob_x.x.zip,解压后有几个文件:jacob.jar、jacob-x.x-M2-x86.dll
把jacob-x.x-M2-x86.dll拷贝到%JAVA_HOME% 下的 bin 目录下,其中,%JAVA_HOME%就是JDK的安装目录。接着直接在java IDE中引用jacob.jar就可以使用了。
3、转换word为pdf、html、txt 的示例
package com.shanhy.demo.windowsoffice; import java.io.File; import com.jacob.activeX.ActiveXComponent; import com.jacob.com.ComThread; import com.jacob.com.Dispatch; import com.jacob.com.Variant; /** * * 将jacob.dll放入JDK的bin目录下 * 把jacob.jar放入项目的buildPath中(web项目放到WEB-INF\lib目录下) * * @author 单红宇 * */ public class ConvertToPdf { // WORD 转换文档格式参数值:17为pdf,8为html,2为txt(支持的格式不限与此,其他格式暂为列出) static final int wdFormatPDF = 17;// PDF 格式 static final int wdFormatHTML = 8;// HTML 格式 static final int wdFormatTXT = 2;// TXT 格式 /** * Word文档转换 * * @param fromfileName * @param toFileName * @author SHANHY */ public void wordConvert(String fromfileName, String toFileName) { System.out.println("启动Word..."); ComThread.InitSTA(); long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); ActiveXComponent app = null; Dispatch doc = null; try { app = new ActiveXComponent("Word.Application");//创建一个word对象 app.setProperty("Visible", new Variant(false)); //不可见打开word app.setProperty("AutomationSecurity", new Variant(3)); //禁用宏 Dispatch docs = app.getProperty("Documents").toDispatch();//获取文挡属性 System.out.println("打开文档 >>> " + fromfileName); //Object[]第三个参数是表示“是否只读方式打开” doc = Dispatch.invoke(docs, "Open", Dispatch.Method, new Object[] { fromfileName, new Variant(false), new Variant(true) }, new int[1]).toDispatch(); File tofile = new File(toFileName); if (tofile.exists()) { tofile.delete(); } int formatValue = -1; if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".pdf")){ formatValue = wdFormatPDF; }else if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".html")){ formatValue = wdFormatHTML; }else if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".txt")){ formatValue = wdFormatTXT; }else{ formatValue = -1; } if(formatValue != -1){ System.out.println("转换文档 ["+fromfileName+"] >>> ["+toFileName+"]"); Dispatch.invoke(doc, "SaveAs", Dispatch.Method, new Object[] { toFileName, new Variant(formatValue) }, new int[1]); }else{ System.out.println("转换文件到目标文档不被支持!["+fromfileName+"] >>> ["+toFileName+"]"); } long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("用时:" + (end - start) + "ms."); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println("========Error:文档转换失败:" + e.getMessage()); } finally { Dispatch.call(doc, "Close", false); System.out.println("关闭文档"); if (app != null) app.invoke("Quit", new Variant[] {}); } // 如果没有这句话,winword.exe进程将不会关闭 ComThread.Release(); ComThread.quitMainSTA(); } /** * PPT(PowerPoint)文档转换 * * @param fromfileName * @param toFileName * @author SHANHY */ public void pptConvert(String fromfileName, String toFileName) { System.out.println("启动PPT..."); ComThread.InitSTA(); long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); ActiveXComponent app = null; Dispatch doc = null; try { app = new ActiveXComponent("Word.Application");//创建一个word对象 app.setProperty("Visible", new Variant(false)); //不可见打开word app.setProperty("AutomationSecurity", new Variant(3)); //禁用宏 Dispatch docs = app.getProperty("Documents").toDispatch();//获取文挡属性 System.out.println("打开文档 >>> " + fromfileName); //Object[]第三个参数是表示“是否只读方式打开” doc = Dispatch.invoke(docs, "Open", Dispatch.Method, new Object[] { fromfileName, new Variant(false), new Variant(true) }, new int[1]).toDispatch(); File tofile = new File(toFileName); if (tofile.exists()) { tofile.delete(); } int formatValue = -1; if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".pdf")){ formatValue = wdFormatPDF; }else if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".html")){ formatValue = wdFormatHTML; }else if(toFileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(".txt")){ formatValue = wdFormatTXT; }else{ formatValue = -1; } if(formatValue != -1){ System.out.println("转换文档 ["+fromfileName+"] >>> ["+toFileName+"]"); Dispatch.invoke(doc, "SaveAs", Dispatch.Method, new Object[] { toFileName, new Variant(formatValue) }, new int[1]); }else{ System.out.println("转换文件到目标文档不被支持!["+fromfileName+"] >>> ["+toFileName+"]"); } long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("用时:" + (end - start) + "ms."); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println("========Error:文档转换失败:" + e.getMessage()); } finally { Dispatch.call(doc, "Close", false); System.out.println("关闭文档"); if (app != null) app.invoke("Quit", new Variant[] {}); } // 如果没有这句话,winword.exe进程将不会关闭 ComThread.Release(); ComThread.quitMainSTA(); } public static void main(String[] args) { ConvertToPdf d = new ConvertToPdf(); d.wordConvert("g:\\test.docx", "g:\\test.pdf"); } }
读、写Word的简单示例
import com.jacob.activeX.ActiveXComponent; import com.jacob.com.Variant; import com.jacob.com.Dispatch; public class Word { String strDir = "c:jacob_1.9"; String strInputDoc = strDir + "file_in.doc"; String strOutputDoc = strDir + "file_out.doc"; String strOldText = "[label:import:1]"; String strNewText = "I am some horribly long sentence, so long that [insert anything]"; boolean isVisible = true; boolean isSaveOnExit = true; public Word() { ActiveXComponent oWord = new ActiveXComponent("Word.Application"); oWord.setProperty("Visible", new Variant(isVisible)); Dispatch oDocuments = oWord.getProperty("Documents").toDispatch(); Dispatch oDocument = Dispatch.call(oDocuments, "Open", strInputDoc). toDispatch(); Dispatch oSelection = oWord.getProperty("Selection").toDispatch(); Dispatch oFind = oWord.call(oSelection, "Find").toDispatch(); Dispatch.put(oFind, "Text", strOldText); Dispatch.call(oFind, "Execute"); Dispatch.put(oSelection, "Text", strNewText); Dispatch.call(oSelection, "MoveDown"); Dispatch.put(oSelection, "Text", "nSo we got the next line including BR.n"); Dispatch oFont = Dispatch.get(oSelection, "Font").toDispatch(); Dispatch.put(oFont, "Bold", "1"); Dispatch.put(oFont, "Italic", "1"); Dispatch.put(oFont, "Underline", "0"); Dispatch oAlign = Dispatch.get(oSelection, "ParagraphFormat"). toDispatch(); Dispatch.put(oAlign, "Alignment", "3"); Dispatch oWordBasic = (Dispatch) Dispatch.call(oWord, "WordBasic"). getDispatch(); Dispatch.call(oWordBasic, "FileSaveAs", strOutputDoc); Dispatch.call(oDocument, "Close", new Variant(isSaveOnExit)); oWord.invoke("Quit", new Variant[0]); } public static void main(String[] args) { Word word = new Word(); } }
4、jacob.jar的结构
jacob包括两个部分:
com.jacob.activeX: ActiveXComponent类
com.jacob.com: 其它类和元素
5、Jacob类
Jacob的结构很简单,包含以下几个类:
ActiveXComponent Class:封装了Dispatch对象,用于创建一个封装了COM组件对象的Java Object
Dispatch Class:用于指向封装后的MS数据结构。常用的方法有call,subcall,get,invoke…后面会介绍使用方法。
Variant Class:用于映射COM的Variant数据类型。提供Java和COM的数据交换。
ComException Class:异常类
6、Jacob方法
用于访问COM/DLL对象的方法,读取、修改COM/DLL对象的属性。
call method:属于Dispatch类。用于访问COM/DLL对象的方法。方法进行了重载,方便不同场合调用。返回一个Variant类型的值。
callSub method:使用方法和call一样,不过它不返回值。
get method:读取COM对象的属性值,返回一个Variant类型值。
put method:设置COM对象的属性值。
invoke method:call的另一种用法,更复杂一些。
invokesub method:subcall的另一种用法
getProperty method:属于ActiveXComponent类,读取属性值,返回一个Variant类型值。
setProperty method:属于ActiveXComponent类,设置属性值。
要注意一点:在使用Jacob时,很重要的一点是,用户必须安装有Office的应用程序。否则也就无法建立Java-COM桥,进而无法解析了。
部分内容参考: http://www.cnblogs.com/vulcans/archive/2009/09/08/1562588.html