linux 系统调用system call

Linux内核模块编程指南　　

所以,如果我们想改变某个系统调用的工作方式,我们需要做的是编写自己的函数来实现它(通常通过添加一些我们自己的代码,然后调用原始的函数),然后更改sys_call_table指向函数的指针。因为我们可能被移除后,我们不想离开系统处于不稳定状态,重要的是cleanup_module表恢复到原来的状态。　　　　下面是一个示例的源代码的内核模块。我们想“间谍”在一个特定的用户,并printk()消息每当用户打开一个文件。实现这一目标,我们系统调用来打开一个文件替换为自己的函数,称为our_sys_open。这个函数检查uid(用户id)当前的过程,如果它等于我们监视的uid,它调用printk()来显示文件的名称被打开。然后,无论哪种方式

注意,所有的相关问题做出系统调用偷unfeasiable供生产使用。为了阻止人们做潜在有害的事情sys_call_table不再是出口。这意味着,如果你想做更多的东西,而不仅仅是一个干燥的运行这个示例,您将不得不当前内核补丁为了sys_call_table出口。在示例目录,你会发现一个自述和补丁。可以想象,这样的修改是不能掉以轻心。不试试这个价值系统(即系统,你并不拥有——或不能恢复容易)。你需要得到本指南的完整源代码里作为一个tarball为了得到补丁和README。根据您的内核版本,你甚至可能需要应用补丁。还在这里吗?嗯,本章也是如此。如果一个内核黑客威尔的大笨狼,这是他想的第一件事。

/*
 *  syscall.c
 *
 *  System call "stealing" sample.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2001 by Peter Jay Salzman
 */

/*
 * The necessary header files
 */

/*
 * Standard in kernel modules
 */
#include <linux/kernel.h>	/* We‘re doing kernel work */
#include <linux/module.h>	/* Specifically, a module, */
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>	/* which will have params */
#include <linux/unistd.h>	/* The list of system calls */

/*
 * For the current (process) structure, we need
 * this to know who the current user is.
 */
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>

/*
 * The system call table (a table of functions). We
 * just define this as external, and the kernel will
 * fill it up for us when we are insmod‘ed
 *
 * sys_call_table is no longer exported in 2.6.x kernels.
 * If you really want to try this DANGEROUS module you will
 * have to apply the supplied patch against your current kernel
 * and recompile it.
 */
extern void *sys_call_table[];

/*
 * UID we want to spy on - will be filled from the
 * command line
 */
static int uid;
module_param(uid, int, 0644);

/*
 * A pointer to the original system call. The reason
 * we keep this, rather than call the original function
 * (sys_open), is because somebody else might have
 * replaced the system call before us. Note that this
 * is not 100% safe, because if another module
 * replaced sys_open before us, then when we‘re inserted
 * we‘ll call the function in that module - and it
 * might be removed before we are.
 *
 * Another reason for this is that we can‘t get sys_open.
 * It‘s a static variable, so it is not exported.
 */
asmlinkage int (*original_call) (const char *, int, int);

/*
 * The function we‘ll replace sys_open (the function
 * called when you call the open system call) with. To
 * find the exact prototype, with the number and type
 * of arguments, we find the original function first
 * (it‘s at fs/open.c).
 *
 * In theory, this means that we‘re tied to the
 * current version of the kernel. In practice, the
 * system calls almost never change (it would wreck havoc
 * and require programs to be recompiled, since the system
 * calls are the interface between the kernel and the
 * processes).
 */
asmlinkage int our_sys_open(const char *filename, int flags, int mode)
{
	int i = 0;
	char ch;

	/*
	 * Check if this is the user we‘re spying on
	 */
	if (uid == current->uid) {
		/*
		 * Report the file, if relevant
		 */
		printk("Opened file by %d: ", uid);
		do {
			get_user(ch, filename + i);
			i++;
			printk("%c", ch);
		} while (ch != 0);
		printk("\n");
	}

	/*
	 * Call the original sys_open - otherwise, we lose
	 * the ability to open files
	 */
	return original_call(filename, flags, mode);
}

/*
 * Initialize the module - replace the system call
 */
int init_module()
{
	/*
	 * Warning - too late for it now, but maybe for
	 * next time...
	 */
	printk(KERN_ALERT "I‘m dangerous. I hope you did a ");
	printk(KERN_ALERT "sync before you insmod‘ed me.\n");
	printk(KERN_ALERT "My counterpart, cleanup_module(), is even");
	printk(KERN_ALERT "more dangerous. If\n");
	printk(KERN_ALERT "you value your file system, it will ");
	printk(KERN_ALERT "be \"sync; rmmod\" \n");
	printk(KERN_ALERT "when you remove this module.\n");

	/*
	 * Keep a pointer to the original function in
	 * original_call, and then replace the system call
	 * in the system call table with our_sys_open
	 */
	original_call = sys_call_table[__NR_open];
	sys_call_table[__NR_open] = our_sys_open;

	/*
	 * To get the address of the function for system
	 * call foo, go to sys_call_table[__NR_foo].
	 */

	printk(KERN_INFO "Spying on UID:%d\n", uid);

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Cleanup - unregister the appropriate file from /proc
 */
void cleanup_module()
{
	/*
	 * Return the system call back to normal
	 */
	if (sys_call_table[__NR_open] != our_sys_open) {
		printk(KERN_ALERT "Somebody else also played with the ");
		printk(KERN_ALERT "open system call\n");
		printk(KERN_ALERT "The system may be left in ");
		printk(KERN_ALERT "an unstable state.\n");
	}

	sys_call_table[__NR_open] = original_call;
}