hive高级数据类型

hive的高级数据类型主要包括：数组类型、map类型、结构体类型、集合类型，以下将分别详细介绍。

1）数组类型

array_type：array<data_type>

-- 建表语句

create table test.array_table(

name string,

age int,

addr array<string>

)

row format delimited fields terminated by ‘,‘

collection items terminated by ‘:‘

;

hive> desc test.array_table;

name string

age int

addr array<string>

-- 测试数据

chavin,28,beijing:shanghai:shenyang

nope,28,beijing:shanghai:taiyuan

wzq,28,beijing:dalian:shenyang:fuxin

zhangshuai,28,beijing:shenyang:fuxin

-- 加载数据

hive> load data local inpath ‘/home/hadoop/array_table.txt‘ into table test.array_table;

Loading data to table test.array_table

Time taken: 0.918 seconds

-- 查询

hive> select * from test.array_table;

chavin 28 ["beijing","shanghai","shenyang"]

nope 28 ["beijing","shanghai","taiyuan"]

wzq 28 ["beijing","dalian","shenyang","fuxin"]

zhangshuai 28 ["beijing","shenyang","fuxin"]

Time taken: 0.199 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)

hive> select addr[1] from test.array_table;

shanghai

dalian

shenyang

Time taken: 0.186 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)

hive> select addr[0] from test.array_table;

beijing

Time taken: 0.212 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)

2）map类型

map_type：map<primary_type,data_type>

-- 建表语句

create table test.map_table(

name string,

detail map<string,string>

)

row format delimited fields terminated by ‘\t‘

collection items terminated by ‘,‘

map keys terminated by ‘:‘

;

hive> desc test.map_table;

name string

detail map<string,string>

Time taken: 0.146 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s)

-- 测试数据

chavin age:28,addr:beijing,phone:15998888888,email:[email protected]

nope age:28,addr:beijing,phone:13899998888,email:[email protected]

wzq age:28,addr:shanghai,phone:13899998888,email:[email protected]

zhangshuai age:28,addr:tianjing,phone:13899998888,email:[email protected]

-- 加载数据

hive> load data local inpath ‘/home/hadoop/map.txt‘ into table test.map_table;

Loading data to table test.map_table

Time taken: 0.641 seconds

-- 查询数据

hive> select * from test.map_table;

chavin {"age":"28","addr":"beijing","phone":"15998888888","email":"[email protected]"}

nope {"age":"28","addr":"beijing","phone":"13899998888","email":"[email protected]"}

wzq {"age":"28","addr":"shanghai","phone":"13899998888","email":"[email protected]"}

zhangshuai {"age":"28","addr":"tianjing","phone":"13899998888","email":"[email protected]"}

Time taken: 0.183 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)

hive> select detail from test.map_table;

{"age":"28","addr":"beijing","phone":"15998888888","email":"[email protected]"}

{"age":"28","addr":"beijing","phone":"13899998888","email":"[email protected]"}

{"age":"28","addr":"shanghai","phone":"13899998888","email":"[email protected]"}

{"age":"28","addr":"tianjing","phone":"13899998888","email":"[email protected]"}

Time taken: 0.177 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)

hive> select name,detail[‘email‘] from test.map_table;

chavin [email protected]

nope [email protected]

wzq [email protected]

zhangshuai [email protected]

Time taken: 0.179 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)

3）结构体类型

struct_type：struct<col_name:data_type,... ...>

-- 建表语句

create table test.struct_table(

name string,

detail struct<age:int,phone:string,email:string>

)

row format delimited fields terminated by ‘\t‘

collection items terminated by ‘,‘

;

hive> desc test.struct_table;

name string

detail struct<age:int,phone:string,email:string>

Time taken: 0.139 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s)

-- 测试数据

chavin 28,15998888888,[email protected]

nope 28,13899998888,[email protected]

wzq 28,13899998888,[email protected]

zhangshuai 28,13899998888,[email protected]

-- 加载数据

hive> load data local inpath ‘/home/hadoop/struct.txt‘ into table test.struct_table;

Loading data to table test.struct_table

Time taken: 0.564 seconds

-- 查询数据

hive> select * from test.struct_table;

chavin {"age":28,"phone":"15998888888","email":"[email protected]"}

nope {"age":28,"phone":"13899998888","email":"[email protected]"}

wzq {"age":28,"phone":"13899998888","email":"[email protected]"}

zhangshuai {"age":28,"phone":"13899998888","email":"[email protected]"}

Time taken: 0.183 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)

hive> select name,detail.email from test.struct_table;

chavin [email protected]

nope [email protected]

wzq [email protected]

zhangshuai [email protected]

Time taken: 0.869 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)

4）集合类型

union_type：uniontype<data_type,data_type,... ...>

-- 建表语句

create table test.union_table(

detail uniontype<int,string>

)

row format delimited fields terminated by ‘\t‘

collection items terminated by ‘,‘

;

hive> desc test.union_table;

detail uniontype<int,string>

Time taken: 0.141 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s)

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/wcwen1990/p/9771728.html

时间： 2024-09-27 13:15:19

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