HIve通过mysql元数据表删除分区

1 创建表 hive命令行操作

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS emp(
name STRING,
salary FLOAT,
subordinates ARRAY<STRING>,
deductions MAP<STRING,FLOAT>,
address STRUCT<street:STRING,city:STRING,province:STRING,zip:INT>
)
PARTITIONED BY (province STRING,city STRING)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘\t‘
COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ‘,‘
MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY ‘:’;

2 造数据

　　shanxi.txt

zj1	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,xian,shanxi,1
zj2	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,xian,shanxi,2
zj3	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,xian,shanxi,3
zj4	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,xian,shanxi,4
zj5	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,xian,shanxi,5
zj6	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,xian,shanxi,6

　　hunan.txt

zbq1	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,zhangjiajie,hunan,1
zbq2	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,zhangjiajie,hunan,2
zbq3	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,zhangjiajie,hunan,3
zbq4	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,zhangjiajie,hunan,4
zbq5	10000	james,datacloase	jim:1.2,james:2.1,lilly:3.8	huaxing,zhangjiajie,hunan,5

3 导入数据 hive命令行操作

LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH ‘/tmp/logs/shanxi.txt‘ OVERWRITE INTO TABLE emp
PARTITION(province=‘shanxi‘,city=‘xian’);

LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH ‘/tmp/logs/hunan.txt‘ OVERWRITE INTO TABLE emp
PARTITION(province=‘hunan‘,city=‘zhangjiajie’);

4 查询hive数据

hive表结构　　

hive> describe extended emp;　

查询hive分区数据

hive> select * from emp where province=‘shanxi‘ and city = ‘xian‘;

5 查看HDFS的hive目录

[root@hdp1 /tmp/logs]#hdfs dfs -ls /user/hive/warehouse/emp

6 删除hive中hunan的分区

A 进入hive使用的MySQL

B 切换为hive数据库
mysql> use hive;
C 查询相关表
mysql> SELECT * FROM TBLS WHERE TBL_NAME=‘emp‘;

发现出现1条记录，所以使用TBLS表的SD_ID字段去SDS表查询LOCATION字段的值，通过LOCATION字段，就可以知道emp这张表的数据库，TBLS中TBL_ID为6的这行记录就是我要查询的表的ID

mysql> select * from SDS where SD_ID=6;

接下来，要根据TBLS表的TBL_ID和hive表分区字段的值（模糊查询）去PARTITIONS表查询，需要得到PARTITIONS表的PART_ID的值（2）

mysql> select * from PARTITIONS t where t.tbl_id=6 and PART_NAME like ‘%hunan%‘;

D开始删除

　　最后，通过TBLS表的TBL_ID（70）和PARTITIONS表的PART_ID（202354）就可以删除hive的分区了

mysql> mysql> delete from PARTITION_KEY_VALS where part;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from PARTITION_KEY_VALS where part_id=2;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from PARTITION_PARAMS where part_id=2;
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> delete from PARTITIONS where tbl_id=6 and part_id=2;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

删除hdfs相关分区目录

[root@hdp1 /root]#hdfs dfs -rm -r "/user/hive/warehouse/emp/province=hunan"
Deleted /user/hive/warehouse/emp/province=hunan

7 查询分区是否删除
已经查询不出来hunan的分区数据了

hive> select * from emp where province=‘hunan‘;
OK
Time taken: 0.073 seconds

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/QuestionsZhang/p/10419762.html