project08 tomcat

本章目录：

1、tomcat的概述

2、tomcat的架构详解

3、部署apache-tomcat+JDK+mysql+java应用（论坛）

4、整合apache+apache-tomcat实现动静页面分离

5、测试动静分离是否成功：

1、tomcat及JSP的概述：

Tomcat 服务器是一个免费的开放源代码的Web 应用服务器(*.jsp)。

一般用于小型企业的jsp页面，因为一个tomcat最大连接数一般在1024以下，处理能力有限。

常用JSP WEB服务器:

1、WebLogic(Oracle)  --是BEA公司的产品，是目前应用最广泛的Web服务器，支持JavaEE规范，而且不断的完善以适应新的开发要求.

2、WebSphere(IBM)   --IBM公司的产品，支持JavaEE规范

3、Jboss(Redhat)    --大名鼎鼎的红帽的产品，原来属于开源组织Jboss，后被红帽收购。支持JavaEE规范，免费

4、Tomcat(apache)   --在小型的应用系统或者有特殊需要的系统中，可以使用一个免费的Web服务器：Tomcat，该服务器支持全部JSP以及Servlet规范

2、tomcat的架构详解

---- Server[N个Service(Engine)---多个host(虚拟主机)]

<Server>

<Listener />

<GlobaNamingResources>

</GlobaNamingResources

<Service>

<Connector />

<Engine>

<Logger />

<Realm />

<host>

<Logger />

<Context />

</host>

</Engine>

</Service>

</Server>

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

安装tomcat

tar包(源码包)  bin包(静态库)  rpm包(二进制包)

1) 下载软件与解压

[[email protected] ~]# lftp 192.168.0.254

lftp 192.168.0.254:~> cd notes/weekend/project/software/

lftp 192.168.0.254:/notes/weekend/project/software> mirror tomcat/

lftp 192.168.0.254:/notes/weekend/project/software> exit

[[email protected] ~]# tar xf /root/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.37.tar.gz  -C /opt/

[[email protected] ~]# mv /opt/apache-tomcat-7.0.37/ /opt/tomcat

[[email protected] ~]# cd /opt/tomcat/bin/

2) java程序 JDK

[[email protected] ~]# tar xf /root/tomcat/jdk-7u15-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/

[[email protected] ~]# mv /opt/jdk1.7.0_15/ /opt/jdk

3) 启动服务

[[email protected] ~]# export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk

[[email protected] ~]# sh /opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /opt/tomcat

Using CATALINA_HOME:   /opt/tomcat

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /opt/tomcat/temp

Using JRE_HOME:        /opt/jdk

Using CLASSPATH:       /opt/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/opt/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

[[email protected] ~]# netstat -tnlp |grep :80

tcp        0      0 :::8009                     :::*                        LISTEN      3273/java

tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      3273/java

方式1  使用java方式启动tomcat

[[email protected] ~]# vim /opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat

CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat

JRE_HOME=/opt/jdk

export CATALINA_BASE CATALINA_HOME JRE_HOME

[[email protected] ~]# vim /opt/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh

CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat

CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat

JRE_HOME=/opt/jdk

export CATALINA_BASE CATALINA_HOME JRE_HOME

[[email protected] ~]# /opt/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh

[[email protected] ~]# /opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

netstat -tnlp |grep :80

tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005       :::*                        LISTEN      3357/java

tcp        0      0 :::8009                     :::*                        LISTEN      3357/java

tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      3357/java

--直接关闭tomcat程序

[[email protected] ~]# telnet localhost 8005

Trying ::1...

telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused

Trying 127.0.0.1...

Connected to localhost.

Escape character is ‘^]‘.

SHUTDOWN

Connection closed by foreign host.

8005 控制server端口

8009 ajp协议  内部程序连接 apache|mysql|tomcat(*.jar)

8080 http协议 用户访问端口

方式2  以jsvc方式启动tomcat

编译jsvc程序

./configure --with-java=/usr/java

make

[[email protected] bin]# tar xf commons-daemon-native.tar.gz

[[email protected] bin]# cd commons-daemon-1.0.13-native-src/unix

[[email protected] unix]# ./configure --with-java=/opt/jdk/

[[email protected] unix]# make

[[email protected] unix]# cp jsvc /opt/tomcat/bin/

定义启动脚本

[[email protected] unix]# cp /root/tomcat/tomcat-init.sh /etc/init.d/tomcat -a

[[email protected] unix]# vim /etc/init.d/tomcat

JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk

CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat

CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat

TOMCAT_USER=root

[[email protected] unix]# chkconfig --add tomcat

[[email protected] unix]# service tomcat start

[[email protected] unix]# netstat -tnlp |grep :80

tcp        0      0 :::8009                     :::*                        LISTEN      4192/jsvc.exec

tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      4192/jsvc.exec

访问

http://192.168.0.1:8080/

------了解软件目录结构

[[email protected] ~]# find /opt/tomcat/ -maxdepth 1

/opt/tomcat/

/opt/tomcat/bin  --存放二进制命令

/opt/tomcat/conf  --存放配置文件

/opt/tomcat/webapps  --存放页面代码*.jsp

/opt/tomcat/lib    ---内部库文件*.jar

/opt/tomcat/temp    --临时文件

/opt/tomcat/work  --中间结果集

/opt/tomcat/logs  --日志文件

[[email protected] ~]# find /opt/tomcat/conf/ |grep xml$

/opt/tomcat/conf/web.xml           --资源（识别那些文件类型

/opt/tomcat/conf/server.xml        --主配置文件

/opt/tomcat/conf/context.xml       --联系人

/opt/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml  --用户

/opt/tomcat/conf/server.xml

<Server>

<Listener />

<GlobaNamingResources>

</GlobaNamingResources

<Service>

<Connector />

<Engine>

<Logger />

<Realm />

<host>

<Logger />

<Context />

</host>

</Engine>

</Service>

</Server>

-------------------------------------

修改监听端口

# vim /opt/tomcat/conf/server.xml

<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"  --把8080改成80的话重启后就监听80

connectionTimeout="20000"

redirectPort="8443" />

--测试后再改回8080端口

-------------------------------------

目录布署

# mkdir /opt/tomcat/webapps/abc

--把abc目录与ROOT同级或者是在ROOT的下一级都是可行的

# vim /opt/tomcat/webapps/abc/time.jsp

<html>

<body>

<center>

<H1><%=new java.util.Date()%></H1>

</center>

</body>

</html>

----------------------------------------------------------

主配置文件的参数

[[email protected] unix]# cp  /opt/tomcat/conf/server.xml  /opt/tomcat/conf/server.xml.old

<?xml version=‘1.0‘ encoding=‘utf-8‘?>  --xml格式

<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">  --8005控制端口

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />  --库的的连接

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />

<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

<GlobalNamingResources>

<Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"   --tomcat基于帐号密码验证

type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"

description="User database that can be updated and saved"

factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"

pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />

</GlobalNamingResources>

<Service name="Catalina">

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"   --8080端口 用户连接

connectionTimeout="20000"

redirectPort="8443" />

<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />   --8009端口 内部连接

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/>

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">

<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"

resourceName="UserDatabase"/>

</Realm>

<Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"    --虚拟主机

unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"

prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"

pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />

</Host>

</Engine>

</Service>

</Server>

name="localhost" --域名

appBase="webapps"  --页面家目录 $TOMCAT/webapps/

unpackWARs="true"  --是否压缩内库文件

autoDeploy="true"  --自动发布页面代码

deployOnStartup:

如果此项设为true,表示Tomcat服务器启动时会自动发布appBase目录下所有的Web应用.如果Web应用中的server.xml没有相应的<Context>元素,将采用Tomcat默认的Context (/opt/tomcat/webapps)

<Context>--当前虚拟主机的java页面的家目录

<Context>=/webserver/java  ---- Tomcat默认的ContextTomcat (/opt/tomcat/webapps)

<Server>

<Listener />

<GlobaNamingResources>

</GlobaNamingResources

<Service>

<Connector />

<Engine>

<Logger />

<Realm />

<host>

<Logger />

<Context />

</host>

</Engine>

</Service>

</Server>

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

apache 能够处理静态页面 不能处理jsp页面

tomcat 处理静态页面(速度慢) 处理jsp页面

结合apache与tomcat 实现动静分离

方案1

apache+tomcat+JDK+mysql+java应用（论坛）

方案2

nginx(反向代理LVS|squid)+tocmat+JDK+mysql+java应用（论坛）

----------------------------------------------------------------------

apache(jk.so)--->tomcat+JDK+mysql+java应用

--apache前端调试器（直接解析静态页面/把动态页面发送后端中间件服务器）

--tomcat接收动态页面的请求，呼叫jdk来编译动态页面

--JDK        编译java程序（页面），调度mysql

----------------------tomcat+jdk+mysql+java应用(*.jsp)----------------------

1 安装JDK

2 安装tomcat

3 安装mysql

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mysql-server mysql

[[email protected] ~]# service mysqld start

mysql> delete from mysql.user where user=‘‘;

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password(‘123456‘) where user=‘root‘;

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql> create database runjava01 default charset utf8;

mysql> create database runjava02 default charset utf8;

mysql> grant all on runjava01.* to ‘javauser01‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘123‘;

mysql> grant all on runjava02.* to ‘javauser02‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘1234‘;

4 上传jsp页面

ejforum

JavaCenter_Home

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /webserver/java01 -p

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /webserver/java02 -p

--解压JavaCenter_Home页面

[[email protected] tomcat]# cd /root/tomcat/

[[email protected] tomcat]# unzip JavaCenter_Home_2.0_Source_UTF8.zip

[[email protected] tomcat]# mv JavaCenter_Home_2.0_Source_UTF8/source/WebRoot/* /webserver/java01/

[[email protected] tomcat]# rm -fr JavaCenter_Home_2.0_Source_UTF8

--解压ejforum页面

[[email protected] tomcat]# unzip ejforum-2.3.zip

[[email protected] tomcat]# mv ejforum-2.3/ejforum/* /webserver/java02/

5 通过tomcat发布页面

<!--虚拟主机1 java01.uplooking.com -->

<Host name="java01.uplooking.com"  appBase="webapps"

unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" deployOnStartup="true" >

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"

prefix="java01.uplooking.com_access_log." suffix=".txt"

pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />

<Context path="" docBase="/webserver/java01" />

</Host>

<!--虚拟主机2 java02.uplooking.com -->

<Host name="java02.uplooking.com"  appBase="webapps"

unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" deployOnStartup="true" >

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"

prefix="java02.uplooking.com_access_log." suffix=".txt"

pattern="%h %l %u %t "%r" %s %b" />

<Context path="" docBase="/webserver/java02" />

</Host>

[[email protected] ~]# service tomcat restart

[[email protected] ~]# echo "192.168.0.1 java01.uplooking.com java02.uplooking.com " >> /etc/hosts

6 先安装JavaCenter_Home页面

java01

使用web界面安装

http://java01.uplooking.com:8080/install

java02

编辑配置文件 填写数据库的库名 与帐号密码

--导出数据库的表结构

[[email protected] ~]# find /root/tomcat/ejforum-2.3/install/ |grep sql$ |grep mysql

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -ujavauser02 -p1234 runjava02 < /root/tomcat/ejforum-2.3/install/script/easyjforum_mysql.sql

[[email protected] ~]# vim /webserver/java02/WEB-INF/conf/config.xml

<!-- DB Connection Pool - Hsqldb

<database maxActive="10" maxIdle="10" minIdle="2" maxWait="10000"

username="sa" password=""

driverClassName="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"

url="jdbc:hsqldb:file:/WEB-INF/data/ejf;shutdown=true"

sqlAdapter="sql.HsqldbAdapter"/>

DB Connection Pool - Mysql  -->

<database maxActive="10" maxIdle="10" minIdle="2" maxWait="10000"

username="javauser02" password="1234"

driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"

url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/runjava02?characterEncoding=gbk&autoReconnect=true&autoReconnectForPools=true&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull"

sqlAdapter="sql.MysqlAdapter"/>

访问页面并发布贴

用户admin|密码admin

http://java02.uplooking.com:8080

------------------------------------------------------

整合apache+apache-tomcat实现动静页面分离

apache + tomcat 实现动静分离,统一入口

apache --解析静态页面

tomcat  --解析动态页面

LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so --加载一个mod_jk模块

Include conf/mod_jk.conf--模块对应配置文件

JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties--定义一个机器人,专门搬运动态页面给tomcat解析

JkMountFile conf/uriworkermap.properties--定义哪些属于动态页面的类型

1> 安装apache

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install httpd

2> 编译或者下载jk_mod

/root/tomcat/mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so

[[email protected] ~]# cp /root/tomcat/mod_jk-1.2.28-httpd-2.2.X.so  /etc/httpd/modules/mod_jk.so

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so

Include conf/mod_jk.conf

JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties

JkMountFile conf/uriworkermap.properties

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/mod_jk.conf  --jk配置文件

JkLogLevel info

JkLogFile logs/jk.log

JkShmFile logs/jk-runtime-status

JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]"

JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"

JkOptions  +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties  --定义apache 通过机器人worker1 连接tomcat

workers.tomcat_home=/opt/tomcat

workers.java_home=/opt/jdk

worker.list=worker1

worker.worker1.type=ajp13

worker.worker1.host=localhost

worker.worker1.port=8009

worker.worker1.lbfactor=1

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/uriworkermap.properties   定义列表

/*.jsp*=worker1--- 所有的JSP页面都交给tomcat

/forum-*.html=worker1   --- 伪静态页面(一个jsp页面)

!/*.gif worker1

!/*.jpg worker1

!/*.png worker1

!/*.ico worker1

!/*.css worker1

!/*.js worker1

!/*.htm worker1

!/*.html worker1

!/*.asp worker1

!/*.aspx worker1

!/*.txt worker1

!/*.swf worker1

!/*.flv worker1

!/*.php worker1

定义apache的虚拟主机 发布页面

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.jsp

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/java.conf

NameVirtualHost *:80

<VirtualHost *:80>

DocumentRoot /webserver/java01

ServerName java01.uplooking.com

ErrorLog logs/java01.uplooking.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/java01.uplooking.com-access_log combined

JkMountFile conf/uriworkermap.properties

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

DocumentRoot /webserver/java02

ServerName java02.uplooking.com

ErrorLog logs/java02.uplooking.com-error_log

CustomLog logs/java02.uplooking.com-access_log combined

JkMountFile conf/uriworkermap.properties

</VirtualHost>

<Directory "/webserver">

Options None

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

</Directory>

[[email protected] ~]# service httpd restart

--测试

http://java01.uplooking.com:8080/space.jsp?do=home

http://java02.uplooking.com/forum-1-1-1.html  ---伪静态页面

测试动静分离？

--测试静态

1) 关闭tomcat ，apache能够正常访问静态页面

[[email protected] ~]# service tomcat stop

[[email protected] ~]# service httpd status

httpd (pid  6349) is running...

能否访问静态图片(正常访问)

http://java01.uplooking.com/data/avatar/noavatar_middle.gif

--测试动态

[[email protected] ~]# service tomcat start

将apache的DocumentRoot 改变/var/tmp  ---无法读取静态数据

tomcat读取动态页面数据

[[email protected] ~]# service tomcat start

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/java.conf

DocumentRoot /var/tmp

[[email protected] ~]# service httpd restart

http://java01.uplooking.com/space.jsp?do=home

--成功访问  图片无法下载

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++nginx+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

一、nginx的概述及常见Ｗeb服务器的介绍

二、nginx安装和启动

三、Nginx 网站服务配置示例

四、添加 nginx 状态统计

五、Nginx下的虚拟主机配置

六、访问控制

七、配置Nginx实现https

八、整合LNMP

九、如何整合tomcat

http://nginx.org/

http://tengine.taobao.org/

特点

十分轻量级的HTTP服务器

高性能的HTTP

反向代理服务器

也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP/FTP 代理服务器

稳定性

功能丰富

系统资源的消耗低

源码安装

[[email protected] ~]# lftp 192.168.0.254

lftp 192.168.0.254:~> cd notes/weekend/project/

lftp 192.168.0.254:/notes/weekend/project> cd software/

lftp 192.168.0.254:/notes/weekend/project/software> mirror lnmp/

lftp 192.168.0.254:/notes/weekend/project/software> exit

编译前的准备

新建程序用户

[[email protected] nginx-1.4.2]# useradd -M -r nginx -s /sbin/nologin

支持pcre包

[[email protected] ~]# tar xf /root/lnmp/pcre-8.12.tar.bz2 -C /usr/local/src/

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src/pcre-8.12/

[[email protected] pcre-8.12]# ./configure && make && make install

支持ssl认证

[[email protected] nginx-1.4.2]# yum -y install openssl-devel

编译与安装

[[email protected] ~]# tar xf /root/lnmp/nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.4.2/

[[email protected] nginx-1.4.2]# ./configure --user=nginx--group=nginx --prefix=/opt/nginx/ --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

--user=nginx

--group=nginx

--prefix=/opt/nginx/

--with-http_stub_status_module --发布nginx状态

--with-http_ssl_module  --开启443端口

[[email protected] nginx-1.4.2]# make && make install

---了解目录结构

[[email protected] ~]# find /opt/nginx/ -maxdepth 2

/opt/nginx/

/opt/nginx/conf  --配置文件目录

/opt/nginx/conf/win-utf

/opt/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default  --模板文件

/opt/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default

/opt/nginx/conf/mime.types  --nginx类型

/opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  --主配置文件

/opt/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params

/opt/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default

/opt/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params  fastcgi变量

/opt/nginx/conf/scgi_params

/opt/nginx/conf/koi-utf --nginx官方默认语言编码

/opt/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf    fastcgi配置文件

/opt/nginx/conf/mime.types.default

/opt/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default

/opt/nginx/conf/koi-win

/opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default

/opt/nginx/logs  --日志目录

/opt/nginx/html  --页面

/opt/nginx/html/index.html --首页

/opt/nginx/html/50x.html  ---错误代码 404 403

/opt/nginx/sbin

/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx  --二进制命令

如何启动

以nginx身份启动软件

[[email protected] ~]# vim /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

user  nginx nginx;

--检测语法

[[email protected] ~]# /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /opt/nginx//conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /opt/nginx//conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[[email protected] ~]# /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

[[email protected] ~]# netstat -tnlp |grep nginx

定义启动脚本

[[email protected] ~]# cp /root/lnmp/nginx.init.d /etc/init.d/nginx -a

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig --add nginx

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig nginx on

[[email protected] ~]# service nginx restart

完善命令的环境变量

[[email protected] ~]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/opt/nginx/sbin" >> /etc/profile

[[email protected] ~]# source  /etc/profile

[[email protected] ~]# which nginx

/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx

访问:

http://192.168.0.1/

----安装rpm包

官方nginx源

epel源  --https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL/zh-cn

aliyun源

--------1) 官方nginx源 + epel源

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

[nginx]

name=nginx repo

baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/6/x86_64

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

[epel]

name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch

baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch

#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch

failovermethod=priority

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

-------2) 阿里云epel源+aliyun(centos6)

nginx实例

nginx+squid(反向代理)

lnmp（php)

+ mysql

nginx+tomcat (jsp)

-------------------------------------

----     CDN    ----

时间： 2024-11-05 13:40:46

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