PAT 1010 Radix 进制转换+二分法

Given a pair of positive integers, for example, 6 and 110, can this equation 6 = 110 be true? The answer is “yes”, if 6 is a decimal number and 110 is a binary number.
Now for any pair of positive integers N1 and N2, your task is to find the radix of one number while that of  the other is given.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. Each case occupies a line which contains 4 positive integers:
N1 N2 tag radix
Here N1 and N2 each has no more than 10 digits. A digit is less than its radix and is chosen from the set {0-9, a-z} where 0-9 represent the decimal numbers 0-9, and a-z represent the decimal numbers 10-35.
The last number “radix” is the radix of N1 if “tag” is 1, or of N2 if “tag” is 2.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print in one line the radix of the other number so that the equation N1 = N2 is true. If the equation is impossible, print “Impossible”. If the solution is not unique, output the smallest possible radix.

Sample Input 1:

6 110 1 10

Sample Output 1:

2

Sample Input 2:

1 ab 1 2

Sample Output 2:

Impossible

#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<string>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
ll convert(string n,ll radix)//转换为10进制的函数
{
    ll sum=0;
    int index=0,temp=0;
    for(auto it=n.rbegin(); it!=n.rend(); it++) //通过反向迭代器遍历
    {
        if(*it>=‘0‘&&*it<=‘9‘)
        {
            temp=*it-‘0‘;
        }
        else
        {
            temp=*it-‘a‘+10;
        }
        sum+=temp*pow(radix,index++);
    }
    return sum;
}
ll find_radix(string n,ll num)
{
    ll low,mid,high,t;
    char c=‘0‘;
    for(auto it=n.begin(); it!=n.end(); it++)
    {
        if(*it>c)
        {
            c=*it;
        }
    }
    if(c>=‘0‘&&c<=‘9‘)
    {
        low=c-‘0‘+1;
    }
    else
    {
        low=c-‘a‘+10+1;
    }
    high=max(low,num);
    while(low<=high)
    {
        mid=(low+high)/2;
        t=convert(n,mid);
        if(t<0||t>num)
        {
            high=mid-1;
        }
        else if(t==num)
        {
            return mid;
        }
        else
        {
            low=mid+1;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}

int main()
{
    string n1,n2;
    ll tag,radix,ans;
    cin>>n1>>n2>>tag>>radix;
    if(tag==1)
    {
        ans=find_radix(n2,convert(n1,radix));
    }
    else
    {
        ans=find_radix(n1,convert(n2,radix));
    }
    if(ans!=-1)
    {
        printf("%lld",ans);
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Impossible");
    }
    return 0;
}

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/wkfvawl/p/11385164.html