$django-admin.py startapp accounts
在oss/accounts修改forms.py(新建)和views.py如下：
注：绿字部分为注释
views.py
################################################################
#coding=utf-8
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.template import RequestContext
from django.contrib import messages
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login as auth_login ,logout as auth_logout
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from forms import RegisterForm,LoginForm
def index(request):
‘‘‘首页视图‘‘‘
template_var={"w":_(u"欢迎您，请登录!")}//初始化字典，key=w
if request.user.is_authenticated()://如果用户登录返回值为1
template_var["w"]=_(u"欢迎您 %s!")%request.user.username//修改字典key=w对应的值为username
return render_to_response("accounts/welcome.html",template_var,context_instance=RequestContext(request))//每个视图函数的返回值，具体可参照官方文档，这里表示用accounts/welcome.html模板渲染
def register(request)://注册用户视图
‘‘‘注册视图‘‘‘
template_var={}
form = RegisterForm()//调用forms.py中RegisterForm() ，初始化form
if request.method=="POST"://模板register.html用POST方法提交表单
form=RegisterForm(request.POST.copy())
if form.is_valid()://判断表单是否有效
username=form.cleaned_data["username"]//先判断再赋值
email=form.cleaned_data["email"]
password=form.cleaned_data["password"]
user=User.objects.create_user(username,email,password)//调用Django.auth中创建用户的函数创建用户create_user()
user.save()//存储添加的用户到数据库
_login(request,username,password)#注册完毕 直接登陆//调用veiws.py中的登录核心方法
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("index"))//登录成功跳转到urls中对应name=index的视图
template_var["form"]=form//把form中存储的user,password,email记录在字典template_var中
return render_to_response("accounts/register.html",template_var,context_instance=RequestContext(request))
def login_view(request):
‘‘‘登陆视图‘‘‘
template_var={}
form = LoginForm()
if request.method == ‘POST‘:
form=LoginForm(request.POST.copy())
if form.is_valid():
_login(request,form.cleaned_data["username"],form.cleaned_data["password"])
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("index"))
template_var["form"]=form
return render_to_response("accounts/login.html",template_var,context_instance=RequestContext(request))
def _login(request,username,password):
‘‘‘登陆核心方法‘‘‘
ret=False
user=authenticate(username=username,password=password)
if user:
if user.is_active:
auth_login(request,user)//调用Django的login方法（这里是重命名的，参照from XX import XX as xx）
ret=True
else:
messages.add_message(request, messages.INFO, _(u‘用户没有激活‘))
else:
messages.add_message(request, messages.INFO, _(u‘用户不存在‘))
return ret//返回登录状态
def logout_view(request):
‘‘‘注销视图‘‘‘
auth_logout(request)
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse(‘index‘))//注销后跳转到index
forms.py
#coding=utf-8
from django import forms
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
username=forms.CharField(label=_(u"昵称"),max_length=30,widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={‘size‘: 20,}))
password=forms.CharField(label=_(u"密码"),max_length=30,widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={‘size‘: 20,}))
email=forms.EmailField(label=_(u"邮件"),max_length=30,widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={‘size‘: 30,}))
def clean_username(self):
‘‘‘验证重复昵称‘‘‘
users = User.objects.filter(username__iexact=self.cleaned_data["username"])
if not users:
return self.cleaned_data["username"]
raise forms.ValidationError(_(u"该昵称已经被使用请使用其他的昵称"))
def clean_email(self):
‘‘‘验证重复email‘‘‘
emails = User.objects.filter(email__iexact=self.cleaned_data["email"])
if not emails:
return self.cleaned_data["email"]
raise forms.ValidationError(_(u"该邮箱已经被使用请使用其他的"))
class LoginForm(forms.Form):
username=forms.CharField(label=_(u"昵称"),max_length=30,widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={‘size‘: 20,}))
password=forms.CharField(label=_(u"密码"),max_length=30,widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={‘size‘: 20,}))
在oss/templates/accounts中添加login.html,register.html和welcome.html
################################################################
login.html
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Account Login</title>
</head>
<body>
{% if messages %}
<ul>
{% for message in messages %}
<li>{{ message }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endif %}
<form action="" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}//防止用户重复非法登录
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" >
{{form.as_table}}
</table>
<p> <a href="{%url "register_view"%}">注册</a> <a href="{%url "index"%}">返回首页</a> <input type="submit" value="登录"/></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
################################################################
Register.html
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>用户注册</title>
</head>
<body><form action="" method="post">{% csrf_token %}
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" >
{{form.as_table}}
</table>
<p> <a href="{% url "login_view" %}">登陆</a> <a href="{% url "index" %}">返回首页</a> <input type="submit" value="注册"/></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
################################################################
Welcome.html
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Welcome!</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>{{w}}</h2>//调用login视图里的字典（key=w）
<hr/>
{% if messages %}
<ul class="messages">
{% for message in messages %}
<li{% if message.tags %} class="{{ message.tags }}"{% endif %}>{{ message }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endif %}
{% if user.is_authenticated %}
<a href="{% url "logout_view" %}">注销</a>
<a href="{% url "index_oss" %}">返回hrloo_oss主页</a>
{% else %}
<a href="{% url "login_view" %}">登陆</a> |
<a href="{% url "register_view" %}">注册</a>
{% endif %}
</body>
</html>
在oss/urls.py 中添加如下url
url(r‘^accounts/login/$‘, ‘oss.accounts.views.login_view‘, name=‘login_view‘),
url(r‘^accounts/logout$‘, ‘oss.accounts.views.logout_view‘, name=‘logout_view‘),
url(r‘^accounts/register$‘, ‘oss.accounts.views.register‘, name=‘register_view‘),
现在启动web服务：python manage.py runserver 10.1.1.145:8000
访问url:http://10.1.1.145:8000/accounts/login 就可以看到登录界面，注册和登出操作访问相应url就可以实现。
2.4.4.1、Django新建APP（acounts）
时间： 2024-12-28 16:04:50