Linux中详细部署Cobbler安装的服务

1.cobbler简介
Cobbler 是一个Linux服务器安装的服务，可以通过网络启动（PXE）的方式来快速安装，重装物理服务和虚拟机，同时还可以管理 DHCP、DNS等。
Cobbler 可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具（cobbler_web），还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。
Cobbler 是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理。
Cobbler 内置了一个轻量级配置管理系统，但它也支持和其他配置管理系统集成，如Puppet，暂时不支持SaltStack。

cobbler数据目录

cobbler日志文件

 *************************服务器做以下操作**************************8
//关闭防火墙以及selinux
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[[email protected] ~]# sed -ri ‘s/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g‘ /etc/sysconfig/selinux
[[email protected] ~]# setenforce 0

//配置yum 源
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# curl -o 163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# sed -i ‘s/\$releasever/7/g‘ 163.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]#  sed -i ‘s/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g‘ 163.repo
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y epel-release

//安装cobbler以及相关软件
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler xinetd cobbler-web pykickstart 

//启动服务并设置开机自启
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start httpd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable httpd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start cobblerd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd

//修改server的ip地址为本机的ip
[[email protected] ~]#  sed -i ‘s/^server: 127.0.0.1/server: 172.16.12.128/‘ /etc/cobbler/settings 

//修改tftp的ip地址为本机ip
[[email protected] ~]#  sed -i ‘s/^next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 172.16.1 2.128/‘ /etc/cobbler/settings 

//开启tftp
[[email protected] ~]#  sed -i ‘/disable/s/yes/no/g‘ /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 

//下载缺失文件
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler get-loaders

//启动rsync并设置开机自启
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd

//生成加密的密码
[[email protected] ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" ‘lanzhiyong123!‘
$1$29572$Kgcy/Dq/5BIFjGXm8.Yfm/ //这是密码加密后的形式

//将生成的加密密码加入到配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
………………………… default_password_crypted: "$1$29572$Kgcy/Dq/5BIFjGXm8.Yfm/"

………………………………

//重启cobbler
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[[email protected] ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q    Local Address:Port      Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                   *:22                              *:*
LISTEN     0      100           127.0.0.1:25                         *:*
LISTEN     0      5             127.0.0.1:25151                     *:*
LISTEN     0      5                     *:873                               *:*
LISTEN     0      128                  :::80                               :::*
LISTEN     0      128                  :::22                               :::*
LISTEN     0      100                 ::1:25                               :::*
LISTEN     0      128                  :::443                              :::*
LISTEN     0      5                    :::873                              :::*                

//通过cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler check
………………这处是两个关于debian系统的错误，请忽略

//这步重启
[[email protected] ~]# reboot
关闭防火墙*******************

 //核对当前设置是否有问题
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler check

//配置cobbler dhcp 修改cobbler配置文件，让cobbler控制dhcp
[[email protected] ~]# sed -i ‘/^manage_dhcp/s/0/1/g‘ /etc/cobbler/settings
[[email protected] ~]# sed -n ‘/^manage_dhcp/p‘ /etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp: 1

//配置dhcp
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.209.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers             192.168.209.12;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.209.12;
option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp      192.168.209.100 192.168.1.250;
default-lease-time           21600;
max-lease-time               43200;
next-server                $next_server;

//重启服务并同步配置，改完dhcp必须要sync同步配置
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler sync

//检查dhcp是否正常
[[email protected] ~]# netstat -anulp | grep dhcp
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*

//导入Centos7镜像
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=Centos-7 --arch=x86_64 

//查看cobbler镜像列表
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler list

//创建kickstarts自动安装脚本
[[email protected] ~]# cat > /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/Centos-7-x86_64.ks <<‘EOF‘
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
bootloader --location=mbr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=500
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=15000
text
firewall --disabled
firstboot --disable
keyboard us
lang en_US
url --url=http://192.168.209.12/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7- x86_64
$yum_repo_stanza
$SNIPPET(‘network_config‘)
reboot

rootpw --iscrypted $6$DEHzuoHRCJMBjzzK$DKallGno50cVbJ27yEIP5O1M4p3/rwfilgIdpKW9IU25Q4KI8tXmSPwH1JuB2UW/pk3NlayujtEZ9ckfclRM81

selinux --disabled
skipx
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
install
zerombr

%packages
@^minimal
@core
kexec-tools

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb=‘auto‘

%end
%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end
EOF

//检查ks文件语法是否错误
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler validateks

//查看当前cobbler有哪些配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler profile list
Centos-7-x86_64

//修改profile将我们新建的ks文件设为默认的kickstarts安装文件
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler profile edit --name Centos-7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/Centos-7-x86_64.ks 

//配合网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler profile edit --name Centos-7-x86_64 --kopts=‘net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0‘

//检查当前系统cobbler配置文件信息
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler profile report

//同步cobbler
[[email protected] ~]# cobbler sync

//把服务器端所有重启
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart xinetd//超级守护进程
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[[email protected] ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q    Local Address:Port                   Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                   *:22                                *:*
LISTEN     0      100           127.0.0.1:25                                *:*
LISTEN     0      5             127.0.0.1:25151                             *:*
LISTEN     0      5                     *:873                               *:*
LISTEN     0      128                  :::80                               :::*
LISTEN     0      128                  :::22                               :::*
LISTEN     0      100                 ::1:25                               :::*
LISTEN     0      128                  :::443                              :::*
LISTEN     0      5                    :::873                              :::* 

 *********************************安装客户端********************
     在虚拟机新建一个虚拟机 选择Centos7 安装，其他默认
 1.不选择光盘
 2.内存建议2000MB
 3.安装客户端

原文地址：http://blog.51cto.com/13833047/2166236