Linux Apache Wed

http服务软件及企业实战

主流web软件

当前互联网主流的wed服务说明

apache

nginx

(nginx.org)

resin

tomcat

php

(http://php.net/downloads.php)

linux系统软件包安装方式

apache介绍

特点及应用场合

apache

安装软件

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa httpd         =è查看软件

httpd-2.2.15-53.el6.centos.x86_64

[[email protected] ~]# hostname httpd

[[email protected] ~]# logout

[[email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -e httpd-2.2.15-53.el6.centos.x86_64     =è卸载软件

warning: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf saved as/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf.rpmsave

安装的步骤：

1032  rz –y  ====è我是先将安装包下载windows

1033 ll

1034 tar -xf httpd-2.2.27.tar.gz

1035 cd httpd-2.2.27

1036 ls

1037  ./configure   =====编译

--prefix=/application/apache2.2.27

--enable-deflate

--enable-expires

--enable-headers

--enable-modules=most

--enable-so

--with-mpm=worker

--enable-rewrite

#################################################################################################################

遇见错误：

checking whether to enable mod_deflate... checking dependencies

checking for zlib location... notfound

checking whether to enable mod_deflate... configure: error: mod_deflate has beenrequested but can not be built due to prerequisite failures

解决

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.27]# yuminstall zlib zlib-devel –y

##############################################################################################################

执行: yum install zlibzlib-devel –y,再进行编译

1041  echo $?  ==========检查  0表示成功

1043  make && make install

1045  echo $?

1046  ln -s/application/apache2.2.27/ /application/apache

[[email protected] apache]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl–t      =====检查apache服务

httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for httpd

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domainname, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

Syntax OK           ===语法ok

[[email protected] apache]#

[[email protected] apache]# /application/apache/bin/apachectlstart       ===========开启apache服务

httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for httpd

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domainname, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

[[email protected] apache]# lsof-i :80        端口号80              ============检查端口

COMMAND  PID   USER  FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODENAME

httpd   6326   root   4u  IPv6  64842     0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

httpd   6328 daemon    4u IPv6  64842      0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)

httpd   6329 daemon    4u IPv6  64842      0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)

httpd   6330 daemon    4u IPv6  64842      0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)

[[email protected] apache]# ps-ef|grep httpd  =========进程

root      6326     1  001:11 ?        00:00:00/application/apache2.2.27/bin/httpd -k start

daemon    6327  6326  001:11 ?        00:00:00 /application/apache2.2.27/bin/httpd-k start

daemon    6328  6326  001:11 ?        00:00:00/application/apache2.2.27/bin/httpd -k start

daemon    6329  6326  001:11 ?        00:00:00/application/apache2.2.27/bin/httpd -k start

daemon    6330  6326  001:11 ?        00:00:00/application/apache2.2.27/bin/httpd -k start

root      6414  2344  001:11 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=autohttpd

[[email protected] apache]#

[[email protected] apache]# /etc/init.d/iptablesstop

iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter          [  OK  ]

iptables: Flushing firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]

iptables: Unloading modules:                               [  OK  ]

[[email protected] apache]# getenforce

Disabled

[[email protected] apache]#  ifconfigeth0|grep "inet addr"|awk -F ":" ‘{print $2}‘|awk  ‘{print $1}‘

192.168.21.168

检查apache安装成功?

至此软件安装完毕！！！！！

[[email protected] apache]# curl-I 192.168.21.128

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Wed, 06 Jul 2016 19:24:29 GMT

Server: Apache/2.2.27 (Unix) DAV/2

Last-Modified: Sat, 20 Nov 2004 20:16:24 GMT

ETag: "258e3-2c-3e9564c23b600"

Accept-Ranges: bytes

Content-Length: 44

Content-Type: text/html

前面编译的：

[[email protected] apache]# /application/apache/bin/apachectl -l|egrep"_so|_rewrite|header|expire|deflate"

mod_deflate.c

mod_expires.c

mod_headers.c

mod_rewrite.c

mod_so.c

[[email protected] apache]# strace/application/apache/bin/apachectl –I  ======跟踪进程命令  ()

execve("/application/apache/bin/apachectl",["/application/apache/bin/apachect"..., "-I"], [/* 26 vars*/]) = 0

安装软件出现的问题

1.

解决：将写好的编译放在rules.mk即可。

2.

解决：

apache及目录结构

[[email protected] htdocs]# tree /application/apache

/application/apache

├── bin

│   ├── ab

│   ├── apachectl

│   ├── apr-1-config

│   ├── apu-1-config

│   ├── apxs

│   ├── checkgid

│   ├── dbmmanage

│   ├── envvars

。。。。。。。。

配置文件的目录

默认apache站点目录

服务很关键的步骤：检查语法，平滑重启

主配置文件目录

重要扩张配置文件

[[email protected] extra]# ll

total 56

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2859 Jul  7 00:44 httpd-autoindex.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1753 Jul  7 00:44 httpd-dav.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2344 Jul 7 00:44 httpd-default.conf  了解

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1103 Jul  7 00:44 httpd-info.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  5078 Jul  7 00:44 httpd-languages.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   949 Jul  7 00:44 httpd-manual.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  3789 Jul 7 00:44 httpd-mpm.conf  重点

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2207 Jul  7 00:44 httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11530 Jul  700:44 httpd-ssl.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   817 Jul  7 00:44 httpd-userdir.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1507 Jul 7 00:44 httpd-vhosts.conf重点

[[email protected] extra]#

便于寻找目录

[[email protected] /]# cd /application/apache

[[email protected] apache]# ls

bin    cgi-bin  error  icons    lib   man    modules

build  conf     htdocs include  logs  manual

[[email protected] apache]# cd conf/

[[email protected] conf]# cd  extra/

[[email protected] extra]#

创建站点

一台主机上有不同的站点

[[email protected] extra]# mkdir/var/html/{www,blog,bbs} -p

[[email protected] extra]# tree /var/html/

/var/html/

├── bbs

├── blog

└── www

3 directories, 0 files

[[email protected] extra]#

[[email protected] extra]# touch/var/html/{www,blog,bbs}/index,html

[[email protected] extra]# tree /var/html/

/var/html/

├── bbs

│   └── index,html

├── blog

│   └── index,html

└── www

└── index,html

3 directories, 3 files

[[email protected] extra]# forname in www blog bbs;do echo "http://$name.etiantian.org">/var/html/$name/index.html;done

[[email protected] extra]# for name in www bolg bbs;do cat/var/html/$nama/index.html;done

http://bbs.etiantian.org

http://bbs.etiantian.org

http://bbs.etiantian.org

[[email protected] extra]# vim httpd-vhosts.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>

ServerAdmin [email protected]     管理员邮箱

DocumentRoot"/var/html/www"     站点

ServerName www.etiantian.com     域名

ServerAlias www..com             别名

ErrorLog"logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"         站点的错误日志

CustomLog"logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common   站点访问日志

注意的问题：

apache

apache日志轮询技术（cronolog【一般企业常用】 and rotatelogs）

[[email protected] tools]# wget http://cronolog.org/download/cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gz

apache的轮巡

(http://oldboy.blog.51cto.com/2561410/584513)老男孩日志轮巡技术

隐藏版本及apache的版本信息

生产环境常见的http状态码列表

时间： 2024-11-03 21:14:14

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