事前准备
1.更改Linux主机名,每个人都有配置
vim /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=hadoop-server1
2.改动IP /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
3.改动主机名和IP的映射关系
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.146.181 hadoop-server1
192.168.146.182 hadoop-server2
192.168.146.183 hadoop-server3
192.168.146.184 hadoop-server4
192.168.146.185 hadoop-server5
######注意######假设你们公司是租用的server或是使用的云主机(如华为用主机、阿里云主机等)
/etc/hosts里面要配置的是内网IP地址和主机名的映射关系
4.关闭防火墙
#查看防火墙状态
service iptables status
#关闭防火墙
service iptables stop
#查看防火墙开机启动状态
chkconfig iptables --list
#关闭防火墙开机启动
chkconfig iptables off
前4步用root用户操作,操作完后重新启动机器
5.ssh免登陆hadoop用户操作
#生成ssh免登陆密钥
#进入到我的home文件夹
cd ~/.ssh
ssh-keygen -t rsa (四个回车)
运行完这个命令后,会生成两个文件id_rsa(私钥)、id_rsa.pub(公钥)
将公钥复制到要免密登陆的目标机器上
ssh-copy-id hadoop-server2
6.安装JDK,配置环境变量等root用户操作
vim /etc/proflie
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_65
export HADOOP_HOME=/itcast/hadoop-2.4.1
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
source /etc/profile
集群规划:
主机名 IP
安装软件 执行进程
hadoop-server1 192.168.146.181:jdk、hadoop
namenode resourcemanage
DFSZKFailoverController(zkfc)
hadoop-server2 192.168.146.182:jdk、hadoop
namenode resourcemanage
DFSZKFailoverController(zkfc)
hadoop-server3 192.168.146.183:jdk、hadoop、zookeeper
datanode nodemanage
journalnode QuorumPeerMain
hadoop-server4 192.168.146.184:jdk、hadoop、zookeeper
datanode nodemanage
journalnode QuorumPeerMain
hadoop-server5 192.168.146.185:jdk、hadoop、zookeeper
datanode nodemanage
journalnode QuorumPeerMain
安装步骤:
1.安装配置zooekeeper集群(在hadoop-server3上)
1.1解压
tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.5.tar.gz -C /home/hadoop/app/
1.2改动配置
cd /home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/conf/
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
vim zoo.cfg
改动:dataDir=/home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/data
在最后加入:
server.1=hadoop-server3:2888:3888
server.2=hadoop-server4:2888:3888
server.3=hadoop-server5:2888:3888
保存退出
然后创建一个tmp目录
mkdir /home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/data
再创建一个空文件
touch /home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/data/myid
最后向该文件写入ID
echo 1 > /home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/data/myid
1.3将配置好的zookeeper复制到其它节点
scp -r /home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/ weekend06:/home/hadoop/app/
scp -r /home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/ weekend07:/home/hadoop/app/
注意:改动hadoop-server4、hadoop-server5相应/home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/data/myid内容
hadoop-server4:
echo 2 > /home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/data/myid
hadoop-server5:
echo 3 > /home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/data/myid
2.安装配置hadoop集群(在hadoop-server1上操作)
2.1解压
tar -zxvf hadoop-2.4.1.tar.gz -C /weekend/
2.2配置HDFS(hadoop2.0全部的配置文件都在$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop文件夹下)
#将hadoop加入到环境变量中
vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/hadoop/home/app/jdk1.7.0_55
export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin
#hadoop2.0的配置文件所有在$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop下
cd /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/etc/hadoop
2.2.1改动hadoo-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/jdk1.7.0_55
2.2.2改动core-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- 指定hdfs的nameservice为ns1 -->
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://ns1/</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定hadoop暂时文件夹 -->
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/tmp</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定zookeeper地址 -->
<property>
<name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>hadoop-server3:2181,hadoop-server3:2181,hadoop-server3:2181</value>
</property>
</configuration>
2.2.3改动hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<!--指定hdfs的nameservice为ns1。须要和core-site.xml中的保持一致 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.nameservices</name>
<value>ns1</value>
</property>
<!-- ns1以下有两个NameNode。各自是nn1,nn2 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.namenodes.ns1</name>
<value>nn1,nn2</value>
</property>
<!-- nn1的RPC通信地址 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn1</name>
<value>hadoop-server1:9000</value>
</property>
<!-- nn1的http通信地址 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn1</name>
<value>hadoop-server1:50070</value>
</property>
<!-- nn2的RPC通信地址 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns1.nn2</name>
<value>weekend02:9000</value>
</property>
<!-- nn2的http通信地址 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns1.nn2</name>
<value>hadoop-server2:50070</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定NameNode的元数据在JournalNode上的存放位置 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
<value>qjournal://hadoop-server3:8485;hadoop-server4:8485;hadoop-server5:8485/ns1</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定JournalNode在本地磁盘存放数据的位置 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
<value>/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/journaldata</value>
</property>
<!-- 开启NameNode失败自己主动切换 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置失败自己主动切换实现方式 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.ns1</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置隔离机制方法,多个机制用换行切割。即每一个机制暂用一行-->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
<value>
sshfence
shell(/bin/true)
</value>
</property>
<!-- 使用sshfence隔离机制时须要ssh免登陆 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
<value>/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
</property>
<!-- 配置sshfence隔离机制超时时间 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.connect-timeout</name>
<value>30000</value>
</property>
</configuration>
2.2.4改动mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- 指定mr框架为yarn方式 -->
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
</configuration>
2.2.5改动yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- 开启RM高可用 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定RM的cluster id -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>
<value>yrc</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定RM的名字 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>
<value>rm1,rm2</value>
</property>
<!-- 分别指定RM的地址 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1</name>
<value>hadoop-server1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2</name>
<value>hadoop-server2</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定zk集群地址 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address</name>
<value>hadoop-server3:2181,hadoop-server4:2181,hadoop-server5:2181</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
</configuration>
2.2.6改动slaves(slaves是指定子节点的位置)
hadoop-server3
hadoop-server4
hadoop-server5
2.2.7配置免password登陆
#首先要配置hadoop-server1到hadoop-server2、hadoop-server3、hadoop-server4、hadoop-server5的免password登陆
#在hadoop-server1上生产一对钥匙
ssh-keygen -t rsa
#将公钥复制到其它节点。包含自己
ssh-coyp-id hadoop-server1
ssh-coyp-id hadoop-server2
ssh-coyp-id hadoop-server3
ssh-coyp-id hadoop-server4
ssh-coyp-id hadoop-server5
#注意:resourcemanager到nodemanager要配置免密登录
#注意:两个namenode之间要配置ssh免password登陆,别忘了配置hadoop-server2到hadoop-server1的免登陆
在hadoop-server2上生产一对钥匙
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-coyp-id -i hadoop-server1
2.4将配置好的hadoop复制到其它节点
scp -r /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/ [email protected]:/home/hadoop/app/
scp -r /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/ [email protected]:/home/hadoop/app/
scp -r /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/ [email protected]4:/home/hadoop/app/
scp -r /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/ [email protected]5:/home/hadoop/app/
###注意:严格依照以下的步骤
2.5启动zookeeper集群(分别在hadoop-server3、hadoop-server4、hadoop-server5上启动zk)
cd /home/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.5/bin/
./zkServer.sh start
#查看状态:一个leader。两个follower
./zkServer.sh status
2.6启动journalnode(分别在在hadoop-server3、hadoop-server4、hadoop-server5上运行)
cd /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1
sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
#执行jps命令检验。hadoop-server3、hadoop-server4、hadoop-server5上多了JournalNode进程
2.7格式化HDFS
#在hadoop-server1上运行命令:
hdfs namenode -format
#格式化后会在依据core-site.xml中的hadoop.tmp.dir配置生成个文件,这里我配置的是/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/tmp,然后将/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/tmp复制到hadoop-server2的/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/下。
scp -r tmp/ hadoop-server2:/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.4.1/
##也能够这样,在hadoop-server2上运行命令:建议hdfs namenode -bootstrapStandby
2.8格式化ZKFC(在hadoop-server1上运行就可以)
hdfs zkfc -formatZK
2.9启动HDFS(在hadoop-server1上运行)
sbin/start-dfs.sh
2.10启动YARN(#####注意#####:是在hadoop-server1上运行start-yarn.sh)
sbin/start-yarn.sh
在hadoop-server2上启动 yyarn-daemon.sh start rescourcemanager
到此,hadoop-2.4.1配置完成。能够统计浏览器訪问:
http://192.168.146.181:50070
NameNode ‘hadoop-server1:9000‘ (active)
http://192.168.146.182:50070
NameNode ‘hadoop-server2:9000‘ (standby)
验证HDFS HA
首先向hdfs上传一个文件
hadoop fs -put /etc/profile /profile
hadoop fs -ls /
然后再kill掉active的NameNode
kill -9 <pid of NN>
通过浏览器訪问:http://192.168.146.182:50070
NameNode ‘hadoop-server2:9000‘ (active)
这个时候hadoop-server2上的NameNode变成了active
在运行命令:
hadoop fs -ls /
-rw-r--r-- 3 root supergroup 1926 2015-06-24 15:36 /profile
刚才上传的文件依旧存在!。!
手动启动那个挂掉的NameNode
sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
通过浏览器訪问:http://192.168.146.181:50070
NameNode ‘hadoop-server1:9000‘ (standby)
验证YARN:
执行一下hadoop提供的demo中的WordCount程序:
hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.4.1.jar wordcount /profile /out
OK,大功告成!
。!
測试集群工作状态的一些指令 :
bin/hdfs dfsadmin -report 查看hdfs的各节点状态信息
bin/hdfs haadmin -getServiceState nn1 获取一个namenode节点的HA状态
sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode 单独启动一个namenode进程
./hadoop-daemon.sh start zkfc 启动一个单独的zkfc流程
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