scrapy设置代理的方法

方法一：

直接在spider文件下设置代理，通过传参的方式设置在Request中

import scrapy

class MimvpSpider(scrapy.spiders.Spider):
    name = "mimvp"
    allowed_domains = ["mimvp.com"]
    start_urls = [
        "http://proxy.mimvp.com/exist.php",
        "https://proxy.mimvp.com/exist.php",
    ]

    ## 代理设置方式1：直接在代理里设置
    def start_requests(self):
        urls = [
            "http://proxy.mimvp.com/exist.php",
            "https://proxy.mimvp.com/exist.php",
        ]
        for url in urls:
            meta_proxy = ""
            if url.startswith("http://"):
                meta_proxy = "http://180.96.27.12:88"           # http代理
            elif url.startswith("https://"):
                meta_proxy = "http://109.108.87.136:53281"      # https代理

            yield scrapy.Request(url=url, callback=self.parse, meta={‘proxy‘: meta_proxy})

    def parse(self, response):
        mimvp_url = response.url                    # 爬取时请求的url
        body = response.body                        # 返回网页内容

        print("mimvp_url : " + str(mimvp_url))
        print("body : " + str(body))

方法二：

利用中间件middlewares.py+settings配置

middlewares.py

## 代理设置方式2： 通过 middlewares.py + settings.py 配置文件设置
## mimvp custom by yourself
class ProxyMiddleware(object):
    def process_request(self,request,spider):

        if request.url.startswith("http://"):
            request.meta[‘proxy‘]="http://180.96.27.12:88"          # http代理
        elif request.url.startswith("https://"):
            request.meta[‘proxy‘]="http://109.108.87.136:53281"         # https代理

#         # proxy authentication
#         proxy_user_pass = "USERNAME:PASSWORD"
#         encoded_user_pass = base64.encodestring(proxy_user_pass)
#         request.headers[‘Proxy-Authorization‘] = ‘Basic ‘ + encoded_user_pass

settings.py

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# 优先级越小越先执行
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    ‘scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware‘: 110,
    ‘mimvp_proxy_python_scrapy.middlewares.ProxyMiddleware‘: 100,
}

原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/tangkaishou/p/10792007.html