之前课堂上学了vector后一直没有用过，就写了下练了练手
//student.h
class Student //学生类声明
{
private:
char m_name[9];
char m_specialty[14];
int m_id;
float m_math;
float m_history;
float m_english;public:
Student(){};
~Student(){};
void ShowAllInfo(); //显示全部信息
void ShowIndexInfo(); //按编号显示信息
void AddInfo(); //用于添加自带信息
void AddInfo(char name[9],char specialty[14],int id,float math,float history,float english);//添加信息至尾部
void DeleIndexInfo(); //按编号删除信息
void DeleAllInfo(); //删除全部信息
void SaveInfo(); //保存信息
void LoadInfo(); //载入信息
};
//student.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <afx.h>
#include "student.h"
using namespace std;vector <Student>student; //vector对象数组，存放信息数据
void Student::AddInfo(){
char name[9],specialty[14];
int id;
float math,history,english;
cout<<"请输入学生信息（姓名/班级/学号）:"<<endl;
cin>>name>>specialty>>id;
strcpy(m_name,name);
strcpy(m_specialty,specialty);
m_id=id;
cout<<"请输入该生成绩（数学/历史/英语）:"<<endl;
cin>>math>>history>>english;
m_math=math;m_history=history;m_english=english;
student.push_back(*this);
cout<<"信息添加完毕"<<endl;}
void Student::AddInfo(char name[9],char specialty[14],int id,float math,float history,float english){
strcpy(m_name,name);
strcpy(m_specialty,specialty);
m_id=id;
m_math=math;m_history=history;m_english=english;
student.push_back(*this);
}void Student::ShowAllInfo(){
if(student.empty())
cout<<"没有学生信息！"<<endl;
else
{
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left);
for(int i=0;i<student.size();i++)
{
cout<<i+1<<" "<<setw(9)<<student[i].m_name<<setw(8)<<student[i].m_specialty<<"\t"
<<setw(10)<<student[i].m_id<<"\t"<<student[i].m_math<<"\t"
<<student[i].m_history<<"\t"<<student[i].m_english<<endl;
}
}
}
void Student::DeleAllInfo(){
student.clear();
}
void Student::DeleIndexInfo(){
cout<<"请输入你要删除的学生编号：";
int pos;
cin>>pos;
student.erase(student.begin()+pos-1);
}
void Student::ShowIndexInfo(){
cout<<"请输入你要显示的学生编号：";
int pos;
cin>>pos;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::left);
cout<<pos<<" "<<setw(9)<<student[pos-1].m_name<<setw(8)<<student[pos-1].m_specialty<<"\t"
<<setw(10)<<student[pos-1].m_id<<"\t"<<student[pos-1].m_math<<"\t"
<<student[pos-1].m_history<<"\t"<<student[pos-1].m_english<<endl;
cout<<setiosflags(ios::right);
}
void Student::SaveInfo(){
CFile f;
f.Open("tmp",CFile::modeCreate | CFile::modeWrite|CFile::modeNoTruncate);
for (int i=0;i<student.size();i++)
{
strcpy(this->m_name,student[i].m_name);
strcpy(this->m_specialty,student[i].m_specialty);
this->m_id=student.at(i).m_id;
this->m_math=student.at(i).m_math;
this->m_history=student.at(i).m_history;
this->m_english=student.at(i).m_english;
f.Write(this,sizeof(Student));
}
f.Close();
}void Student::LoadInfo(){
CFile f;
if (f.Open("tmp",CFile::modeCreate | CFile::modeRead|CFile::modeNoTruncate))//文件存与读的打开方式要一样
{
f.SeekToEnd();
DWORD dwPosition=f.GetPosition();
f.SeekToBegin();
for (int i=0;i<student.size();i++)
{
f.Read(this,sizeof(Student));
strcpy(student.at(i).m_name,this->m_name);
strcpy(student[i].m_specialty,this->m_specialty);
student.at(i).m_id=this->m_id;
student.at(i).m_math=this->m_math;
student.at(i).m_history=this->m_history;
student.at(i).m_english=this->m_english;}
DWORD dwpos=f.GetPosition();
while(dwpos<dwPosition)
{
f.Read(this,sizeof(Student));
student.push_back(*this);
dwpos=f.GetPosition();
}
}
else
{
cout<<"文件读取失败！"<<endl;
return;
}
f.Close();
}
//main.cpp
#include "student.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;void main()
{Student obj;//用于调用Student的成员函数，与vector作用隔离
obj.AddInfo("张三","信息安全",56634541,86,79,87);
obj.AddInfo("呵呵呵","统计",242541,87,59,67);
obj.AddInfo("呃呃呃","国际经济贸易",5456434,66,99,96);
obj.AddInfo("李妈蛋","人力资源",242365,76,34,97);
obj.AddInfo("老外","人力资源",5646546,76,34,97);
while(1)
{
cout<<"\t ---------------------------------------"<<endl;
cout<<"\t| 1.显示全部信息 |"<<endl;
cout<<"\t| 2.按编号显示信息 |"<<endl;
cout<<"\t| 3.添加信息至尾部 |"<<endl;
cout<<"\t| 4.按编号删除信息 |"<<endl;
cout<<"\t| 5.删除全部信息 |"<<endl;
cout<<"\t| 6.保存信息 |"<<endl;
cout<<"\t| 7.载入信息 |"<<endl;
cout<<"\t| 8.退出 |"<<endl;
cout<<" \t---------------------------------------"<<endl;cout<<"请输入你的选择：";
int n;
cin>>n;
switch (n)
{
case 1:
{
obj.ShowAllInfo();
break;
}
case 2:
{
obj.ShowIndexInfo();
break;
}
case 3:
{
obj.AddInfo();
break;
}
case 4:
{
obj.DeleIndexInfo();
break;
}
case 5:
{
obj.DeleAllInfo();
break;
}
case 6:
{
obj.SaveInfo();
break;
}
case 7:
obj.LoadInfo();
break;
case 8:
exit(0);
default:
cout<<"输入错误，请重新输入！"<<endl;
break;
}
}}
编写过程中主要遇到的问题与总结：
1.string类型不熟悉的话，会导致很多显示的乱码，换用char数组后马上顺畅很多
2.char数组与char*的区别
3.CFile文件的读写，开方式应该保持基本一致，如保存时是 f.Open("tmp",CFile::modeCreate |
CFile::modeRead|CFile::modeNoTruncate))，
则在读取时不能 f.Open("tmp",CFile::modeCreate | CFile::modeRead))
4.CFile是个很强大的读写接口，可以直接将一个类的数据信息保存到到硬盘中，也可以直接读取出来